• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.705-716
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• 2006

The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of tetracycline-HCl on the change of implant surface microstructure according to application time. Implant with pure titanium machined surface, GBA surface and RBM surface were utilized. Implant surface was rubbed with 50mg/ml tetracycline-HCl solution for ${\frac{1}{2}}$min. 1min. $1{\frac{1}{2}}$min. 2min. and $2{\frac{1}{2}}$min. respectively in the test group. Then, specimens were processed for scanning electron microscopic observation. The results of this study were as follow. 1. Both test and control group showed a few shallow grooves and ridges in pure titanium machined surface implants. There were not significant differences between two group. 2. In GBA surfaces, control group exhibit many porous depression, and each depression were divided by strict border. Experimental group applied with tetracycline-HCl for 2min. were similar with control group. But when applied for $2{\frac{1}{2}}$min. surface alteration and border breakdown started, resulting enlargement of the porous depression. 3. In REM surface, control group exhibit rough, uneven surface with crater-like depression can be found. The surface alteration started when tetracycline-HCl was applied for 30sec. resulting breakdown of the crater-like depression. Depression became larger as applying time increased.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.585-597
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• 2007

The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of Tetracycline-HCI and Saline on the change of implant surface microstructure and surface roughness according to application time. Implants with resorbable blasting media surface were utilized. Before test all 13 implants were measured surface roughness. Among them, 6 implants were rubbed with 50mg/ml Tetracycline-HCl solution and other 6 implants with saline for $\frac{1}{2}$min., 1min., $1\frac{1}{2}$min., 2min., $2\frac{1}{2}$min and 3min. Then, specimens were processed for scanning electron microscopic observation and surface roughness after test. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Control group showed a few irregular, rough, uneven surface with crater-like depression. 2. The test group with Tetracycline-HCl conditioning showed an altered surface when Tetracycline-HCl was applied for 30secs, and showed a various surface alteration as application times go on. 3. The test group with Saline conditioning showed no significant surface differences and surface roughness. 4. The significant increase of Ra value was showed when Tetracycline-HCl was applied for 30secs. In conclusion, the 50mg/ml Tetracycline-HCl must not be applied for the RBM surface implant for surface treatment.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.223-236
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• 2007

This study was attempted to evaluate home-manufactured implants by placing $Stage-1^{(R)}$ Implant (Lifecore, Co., USA) whose surface is treated with REM that has already been varified clinically,$Chaorum^{(R)}$ Implant(Chaorum Co., Korea) whose surface treatment is same as that of Stage-1 Implant and $Atlas^{(R)}$ Implant(Cewellmedi Co., Korea) whose surface is treated with anodic oxidation immediately after the teeth of experimental animals were extracted to compare histological findings among them. Stage-l Implant(diameter: 3.5mm, length: IOmm), Chaorum Implant(diameter: 3.3mm, length: 8.5mm) and Cowell medi Implant(diameter: 4.0mm, length: 8.0mm) were placed into the mandible premolars of 2 adult beagle dogs immediately after their teeth were extracted, and then histological findings were analyzed at 6 weeks. After those implants were inserted directly after their teeth were extracted, the results of periotest were recorded, radiography was done, the subjects went through thorough control for 6 weeks, and then comparison among periotest, radiography and histological finding was made. After comparison of those findings, the values of periotest were satisfactory and bone healing was relatively satisfactory on radiography at 6 weeks. For osseointegration with the bone tissue, Stage-1 was 45.3%, Chaorum 55.3%, and Cowellmedi 52.5%, which was a satisfactory result. Although implant surgery immediately after teeth were extracted involves difficulties among recent implant surgeries, it is being frequently used in that it may reduce surgery hours, the frequency of surgery, and bone loss for patients. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the technological levels of home-manufactured implants that have been remarkably developed in recent years and in conclusion, those implants showed nearly similar result.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.165-180
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• 2007

Dental Implants have been proved to be successful prosthetic modality in edentulous patients for 10 years. However, there are few reports on the survival of implant according to location in molar regions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the $4{\sim}5$ years' cumulative survival rate and the cause of failure of dental implants in different locations for maxillary and mandibular molars. Among the implants placed in molar regions in Gwangju Mir Dental Hospital from Jan. 2001 to Jun. 2002, 473 implants from 166 patients(age range; $26{\sim}75$) were followed and evaluated retrospectively for the causes of failure. We included 417 implants in 126 periodontally compromised patients, 56 implants in 40 periodontal healthy patients, and 205 maxillary and 268 mandibular molar implants. Implant survival rates by various subject factors, surgical factors, fixture factors, and prosthetic factors at each location were compared using Chi-square test and Kaplan-Meier cumulative survival analysis was done for follow-up(FU) periods. The overall failure rate at 5 years was 1O.2%(subject level) and 5.5%(implant level). The overall survival rates of implants during the FU periods were 94.5% with 91.3% in maxillary first molar, 91.1% in maxillary second molar, 99.2% in mandibular first molar and 94,8% in mandibular second molar regions. The survival rates differed significantly between both jaws and among different implant locations(p<0.05), whereas the survival rates of functionally loaded implants were similar in different locations. The survival rates were not different according to gender, age, previous periodontal status, surgery stage, bone graft type, or the prosthetic type. The overall survival rate was low in dental implant of too wide diameter(${\geq}5.75$ mm) and the survival rate was significantly lower for wider implant diameter(p