• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.97-108
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• 1999

The purpose of this atudy was to identify the influence of demographic characteristics of full-time working mother's family on maternal parenting efficacy as well as child-rearing practices and to examime the relationship between mothers with perceived parenting efficacy and child-rearing practices. The subjects for this study were 100 working mothers of two to six year old children attending employer sponsored child care centers. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, correlation analysis, and step-wise regression were used for data analysis. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1) Full-time working mothers' child-rearing practices were influenced by the ages of mothers and fathers, parental education level and occupation, family income, age of the child, and number of children in the family. 2) The more working mothers perceived parenting efficacy, the more mothers utilized effective child-rearing practices. 3) Age of the child, maternal education level, mothers with levels of perceived parenting efficacy were significant predictors for full-time working mothers' child-rearing practices.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.47-58
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• 2011

This study investigated the relationships among mothers' playfulness, play beliefs and rearing attitude. The participants were 261 mothers with young children. PSA(Playfulness Scale for Adults), PPBS(Parent Play Beliefs Scale), MBRI(Maternal Behavior Research Instrument) were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by t-test, Pearson's productive correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows: First, mothers' rearing attitude varied by mothers' age, employment status, and educational level. Second, there were significant correlations among mothers' playfulness, play beliefs, and rearing attitude. Third, mothers' playfulness and play beliefs were reliable predictors of rearing attitude.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.180-183
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• 1990

Simple mass-rearing methods for Spodoptera exigua Hubner with an artificial diet were done in th laboratory. Hatchability of egg and its survival rates upto 3rd instar lava were 97.9 and 83.3 ercent, respectively. The pupation rates in individual rearing, mass-rearing, mass-rearing with sawdust were 48.5%, 37.5%, and 82.5%, respectively. The emergence rates in those methods were 85.2%, 86.7%, 90.9%, respectively.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.1 s.85
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• pp.113-125
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of educational program on maternal child-rearing attitude. The program consisted of 6 sessions, 3-hours weekly meeting per session with 12 mothers who have participated at parent education program. Before and after the program, tests were carried out with child-rearing attitude scale md qualitative research to analyze personal changes of participants. The results of the study were as follows. First, the pre-test and post-test with the maternal child-rearing attitude scale showed some changed recognition that maternal child-rearing attitude would be more affectionate, autonomous and unrejectable. Second, parent education program had positive effect on the maternal self understanding. Participants reported that various tests used for this program helped them to identify themselves. This program also positively influenced maternal children understanding through searching the developmental task and characteristics of children.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.75-90
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• 2003

The present study investigated causal relationship between child's temperament, mother's parental satisfaction, mother's marital satisfaction and mother's child-rearing behavior according to child's sex. The subjects for this study were 473 children and their's mothers of first-second grade selected from elementary schools in Busan. Han's questionnaires(1996) on child's temperament, Hyun's questionnaires(1994) on parental satisfaction, Choi's questionnaires(1994) on marital satisfaction and Hong's questionnaires(1996) on mother's child-rearing behavior were used. Data were analyzed with Manova, Pearson's correlation, Lisrel 8.5. The results were as follows : (1) According to sex, there were significant differences in mother's marital satisfaction and child-rearing behavior. The mothers of girls showed higher marital satisfaction. And boys perceived higher limit-setting and higher responsiveness. (2) For boys, mother's parental satisfaction and marital satisfaction revealed direct effect on mother's child rearing behavior. For girls, tempeament and parental satisfaction revealed direct effect on mother's child rearing behavior.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.119-133
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• 2000

This research examined factors that differentiate the child-rearing practices of 495 Japanese fathers living in Tokyo and 526 Korean fathers living in Seoul. All subjects were fathers of school-age children, Findings were that the sense of devotion/reward in life is the decisive variable behind affection in the child-rearing practices of fathers of both nations, In the Japanese sample, the less they felt financial burdens and psychological constraints, the more affection shown in their child-rearing practices. In the Korean sample, more affection was noted among fathers whose primary views on child-rearing were centered on the continuity of the family line. Such socio-demographic variables as fathers working long hours and/or mothers working outside the home had a negligible influence of affection driven child-rearing practices of both groups.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sex of adolescent and SES of the family, maternal attachment and child-rearing behavior on adolescent's self-esteem. The subjects were 234 pairs of adolescents attending at junior-middle schools and their mothers in Kwangju. The questionnaires were used to collect the datas on maternal attachment and child-rearing behavior and adolescent's self-esteem. The results were as follows : 1. The effects of maternal attachment types on maternal child-rearing behaviors did not found significantly. 2. Maternal'love'and'authoritarian' child-rearing behavior, sex of adolescent were found significantly influential variables on adolescent's self-esteem. 3. Due to sex and levels of self-esteem, the influences of variables were found differently.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between fathers' child-rearing attitude and children's prosocial behavior. The participants were 410 children aged 3-6 years, who completed scales of the fathers' child-rearing attitude, children's prosocial behavior, and self-efficacy. The data were analyzed in terms of a hypothesized structural equation model using AMOS 7.0. The results were as following. Firstly, the fathers' child-rearing attitude was found to have a direct effect on children's prosocial behavior and self-efficacy. Secondly, children's self-efficacy was also found to affect children's prosocial behavior directly. Thirdly, children's self-esteem have a mediated effect on the relationship between fathers' child-rearing attitude and the children's prosocial behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.31-41
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mothers' child-rearing attitudes and children's self-regulation on their prosocial behaviors. The participants were 151 children(aged 5-6) and their mothers. The results were as follows: (1) Subordinate spheres of 'controlling' and 'playing' in mothers' child-rearing attitudes and children's prosocial behaviors showed significant positive correlations. (2) Children's self-regulation was positively related to their prosocial behaviors. (3) When children's self-regulation was controlled, mothers' child-rearing attitudes did not show any positive correlations with children's prosocial behavior. In conclusion, children's self-regulation mediated the association between mother's child-rearing attitudes and prosocial behaviors.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.125-140
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to answer the following questions. (1) Is there any relationship between father's child-rearing behavior and children's role-taking, between father's child-rearing behaviors and children's prosocial behavior?(2) Is there any relationship between children's role-taking and children's prosocial behavior? (3) Is there any differences in father's child-rearing behaviors, children's role-taking and children's prosocial behavior in relation to children's sex, SES, and mother's job? (4) what are the most important predictor variables which influence on children's role-taking? (5) What are the most important predictor variables which influence on children's prosocial behavior? The subjects of this study were 72boys and 70girls attending the nursery schools and their mothers in Busan. For the measurement of father's child-rearing behaviors, Choi's(1991) questionnare were used and for children's role-taking, children were interviewed with the Flavell's apple-dog stories. children's prosocial behavior was measured by amount of candies to share with classmates. The results were as follows: (1) There were significant correlation between father's child-rearing behaviors and children's role-taking, between father's was positively related to children's prosocial behavior. (2) Children's role-taking was positively related to children's prosocial behavior. (3) There were significant differences in father's child-rearing behaviors, children's role-taking and children's prosocial behavior according to children's sex, SES, and mother's job. (4) Father's child-rearing behaviors and SES were the most important predictor variables influencing on children's role-taking. (5) Children's sex, children's role-taking and father's childrearing behaviors were the most important predictor variables influencing on children's prosocial behavior. The findings stated above seemed father's child-rearing behaviors and children's role-taking, influenced on children's prosocial behavior.