• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.70-74
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This study examined whether 1) the motor inhibition response as cognitive-behavioral component is learning though a stop signal task using stop-signal paradigm, and 2) whether there is a difference in the learning degree according to imagery training and actual practice training. Methods: Twenty young adults (males: 9, females: 11) volunteered to participate in this study, and were divided randomly into motor imagery training (IT, n=10) and practice training (PT, n=10) groups. The PT group performed an actual practice stop-signal task, while the IT group performed imagery training, which showed a stop-signal task on a monitor of a personal computer. The non-signal reaction time and stop-signal reaction time of both groups were assessed during the stop-signal task. Results: In the non-signal reaction time, there were no significant intra-group and inter-group differences between pre- and post-intervention in both groups (p>0.05). The stop-signal reaction time showed a significant difference in the PT group in the intra-group analysis (p<0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant intra-group difference in the IT group and inter-group difference between pre- and post-intervention (p>0.05). Conclusion: These results showed that the motor inhibition response could be learned through a stop-signal task. Moreover, these findings suggest that actual practice is a more effective method for learning the motor inhibition response.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2005

Prospective memory (PM) is related to remember to carry out a previously intented behaviour. The purpose of this study was to develop a paradigm for measuring PM function to diagnosis in mild cognitive impairment 1 or brain injury in patients 2. among brain injured patients Thirty-eight normal healthy subjects participated in current study. The paradigm was composed of four conditions: a baseline and three intention conditions (expectation, execution 1 and 2). In the expectation condition, subjects were asked to make a new response to intented stimuli during ongoing task, but the intented stimuli never occurred. In the execution 1 (one type of expected stimulus) and 2 (two types of expected stimuli), the intended stimuli did occur in 20% of trials. The reaction time and error rate were calculated in each condition. Repeated measures using ANOVA of subject's mean reaction times (RTs) and mean error rates (ERs) showed main effects of conditions during ongoing task. The comparison of PM tasks in executive condition 1 and 2 also showed significance in RTs and ERs. This paradigm reflects sufficiently the performance of prospective memory function during ongoing task in normal individuals. Thus, we suggest that the paradigm will be helpful to study neural network of PM function using brain imaging techniques and diagnosis of PM dysfunction.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 2011

Purpose: We studied the changes in motor response time and stop signal response time following visuomotor skill learning of a stop signal task in young healthy subjects. This study also was designed to determine what an effective practice is for different stop signals in the stop signal task (SST). Methods: Forty-five right-handed normal volunteers without a history of neurological dysfunction were recruited. They all gave written informed consent. In all subjects, motor reaction time (RT) and stop signal reaction time (SSRT) were measured for the stop signal task. Tasks were classified into three categories: predictable-stop signal task (P-SST) practice group random-stop signal task (R-SST) practice group control group. Results: Motor reaction time in the P-SST was significantly reduced when comparing pre- and post-tests (p<0.05). Stop signal reaction times in the P-SST and the R-SST were significantly reduced following motor skill learning (p<0.05). Also, the reaction time of the R-SST was shorter than that of the P-SST. Conclusion: These findings indicate that practice of an SST improves motor performance and stop function for some stop signals in the SST. P-SST practice was effective in the stop function of regular movement because of faster of the motor prediction and preparation but the R-SST was effective in the stop function of movements because of faster motor selection.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.65-71
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Numerous investigators demonstrated that adaptative changes were induced by motor skill acquisition in the central nervous system. We investigated the changes of neuroelectric potential following motor learning with serial reaction time task in young healthy subjects, using electroencephalography (EEG). Methods: Twelve right-handed normal volunteers were recruited, who have no history of neurological dysfunction and were given to written the informed consent. All subjects were assigned to flex to extend the wrist joint or flex the thumb for pressing the matched button as quickly and accurately as possible, when one of five colored lights was displayed on computer screen (red, yellow, green, blue, white). EEG was measured, whenfive types simulations ware presented randomly with equal probabilities of 20% in total 200 times at the pre and post test. And they were scheduled for 30 minutes practice session during two consecutive days in the laboratory. Results: The results showed that the reaction time at the post test was significantly reduced, compared to one of the pre test in serial reaction time task. In EEG map analysis, the broaden bilateral activation tended to be changed to the focused contralateral activation in the frontoparietal area. Conclusion: These findings showed that acquisition of motor skill led to product more fast motor execution, and that motor learning could change cortical activation pattern, from the broaden bilateral activation to the focused contralateral activation. Thus we concluded that the adaptative change was induced by motor learning in healthy subjects.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.199-215
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to attempt new starting motion and supply present starting motion in the 500M short track speed skating according to the center of gravity position. The center of gravity position ratio was divided starting motion into five(type A : front 80%-back 20%, type B front 70%-back 30%, type C : front 50%-back 50%, type D : front 30%-back 70%, type E : front 20%-back 80%). The three dimension motion analysis with DLT(direct linear transformation) method was executed using two video cameras. The following conclusion was that It was appear that reaction and execution time in starting motion was the most short in type B. It was characteristic that step of skaters was shorten and center of gravity position ratio was not effect to change of the step in each event. It was appear that the displacement of type D and type E were longer than that type A and type B during the starting motion. It was appear that skill types of center of gravity position ratio to the front were lower than that to the back and contract a posture. Observing the above, it was conclusion that skill type B of center of gravity position ratio to the tent was more effect than that to the back. But it is important that these skill type was most used to the competition and estimate the result.

• 한국경제지리학회지
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.444-460
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 로컬 거버넌스의 구성 파트너로서 특정 지역에 입지하고 있는 기업이 사회적 책임수행의 차원에서 지역사회와 어떤 관계에 있는지, 그리고 기업의 사회적 책임 수행이 그 지역사회의 지속가능성에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 논의했다. 사회공헌활동을 비롯하여 기업이 다양한 방식으로 사회적 책임을 수행하는 것은 지역사회가 기업의 이해관계자이기 때문이다. 따라서 기업의 사회적 책임 수행은 기업 이미지 개선, 장기적으로 교화된 자기이익 추구, 지역사회와 연대 강화를 위한 전략의 일환으로 해석할 수 있다. POSCO 광양제철소의 경우, 법적 윤리적 수준의 자기규제 책임 수행 차원의 지역 협력활동으로부터 보다 고차적인 사회공헌활동에 이르기까지 다양한 형태의 사회적 책임 수행을 추구함으로써 지속가능기업으로서의 기본적 특성들을 갖춰가고 있다.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한인간공학회 1998년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.167-172
• /
• 1998

Methods of evaluating the physiological activity of the living body are EEG, EOG, Heart rate, and Rectal temperature, etc. In the study of Hagiwara and Araki(1993), they found positive correlations among performance test, physiological measurement, and subjective feeling measurement. Human alertness of pilot directly influences on the flight performance that accomplishes a lot of vigilance task and procedure execution in flight. Accordingly, this paper deals with the quantitative and objective performance test based on tracking error and reaction time by means of the new computer test program into which the perception-motion system of human beings is applies. Throughout this experiment using performance thst, the results suggest that performance capability in state of sleep deprivation 2 hours and alcoholic 0.05 .apaprox. 0.06% in blood were more impaired than one in a normal state, and they further showed statistically significant differences between them, which were influenced by impairment factors of body regulation and pilot's grade. We also obtained the prediction value and the 95% confidence interval of tracking error and reaction time at the normal state for the purpose of distinguishing performance capability between the normal state and the abnormal state. And it is ecpected that the evaluation of human alertness using performance test will be applied to the quantitative assessment of an each pilot's realistic consciousness/attention, and will lead a flight commander to the accurate decision of mission approval prior to a flight.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.619-626
• /
• 2018

Most publications confirm that an ecological interface is a very efficient tool to supporting operators in recognition of complex and unusual situations and in decision-making. The present article describes the experience of implementation of an ecological interface concept for visualization of material balance in a drum separator of RBMK-type NPPs. Functional analysis of the domain area was carried out and revealed main factors and contributors to the balance. The proposed ecological display was designed to facilitate execution of the most complicated cognitive operations, such as comparison, summarizing, prediction, etc. The experimental series carried out at NPPs demonstrated considerable reduction of operators' mental load, time of reaction, and error rate.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the reaction of recovery for the fatigue by sports massage treatment after Taekwondo training and then to verify the effectiveness. Subject : The subjects of this study were all the 20 high school Taekwondo players divided into two groups (rest recovery group and sports massage group) selected by systematic random assignment sampling. Method : The variables were the level of hemoglobin, lactic acid and glucose, and measured at rest, immediately-after exercise and 30-minute recovery. The data from this study were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-test. Results : The results are as follows ; 1. The measurement of the hemoglobin, there was not the significant differences between experiment group and control group. 2. The lactate showed lower in the experiment group than in the control group in 30-minute recovery (p<.001). 3. The glucose showed lower in the experiment group than in the control group in 30-minute recovery (p<.01). So I think the sports massage treatment is more effective in the relief of fatigue than static rest method during the recovery after sports. However the massage treatment influence on the activation of metabolism according to the intensity and the duration of sports, and vary the effect of treatment according to the method and execution time. Therefore the longitudinal investigation of the variation by the long time massage through the more detailed program must be requisite for us.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.153-160
• /
• 2019

본 논문은 손가락의 운동능력을 개선시킬 수 있는 재활 기기와 콘텐츠를 구현함으로서 누구나 편리하고 재미있게 재활 훈련을 할 수 있도록 돕고자 한다. 그래서 손가락의 조절 능력, 정밀도, 민첩성을 측정할 수 있는 Finger Tapping Device를 제작하고, 이 기기를 사용할 수 있는 콘텐츠로 트래킹, 시각 반응, 손가락 조절을 구현하였다. 이에 대한 유용성 검증은 손가락 움직임에 가장 많이 관여하는 심지굴근에 sEMG를 부착한 후 3종류의 콘텐츠를 수행하는 동안 sEMG의 신호를 분석하여 확인하였다. 실험 결과로서 모든 콘텐츠 수행하는 동안 심지굴근의 근육 활성화가 이루어졌다. 또한 시각 반응에 따른 각 손가락 별 반응 시간을 측정하여 민첩성의 차이가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.