• Mycobiology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.122-138
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• 2023

Elsinoë are plant pathogenic fungi that cause scabs, spotted anthracnose, and some morphological distortions on various plants, including woody plants, economically important crops, and ornamental plants. Taxonomical reexamination of Elsinoë species in Japan has not yet been conducted based on the modern species criteria. In this study, several Japanese isolates were reexamine based on the morphological and molecular-phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), large subunit gene (LSU)m and protein-coding gene such as RNA polymerase II subunit (rpb2) and Translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef). Japanese isolates were divided into four clades and three new species, Elsinoë hydrangeae, E. sumire, and E. tanashiensis were proposed. One species, Sphaceloma akebiae, was transferred to the genus Elsinoë.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.317-324
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• 2023

Endometrium receptivity is a complex mechanism of intricate pathways that lead to the shift from the proliferative to the secretory phase. Our goal was to identify high-ranking differentially expressed genes and study the pathways associated with the phenomenon. Raw data were retrieved from six GEO datasets and 705 DEGs were identified through robust ranking aggregation after the integration of five datasets. 20 key genes were identified that were further re-validated in an additional dataset. Supporting evidence through the experimental references confirms them as major biomarkers of the shift from the proliferative to the secretory phase.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.43 no.3 s.309
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• pp.51-59
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose an excellent ultrasonic transceiver system based on a QPSK modulation technique for underwater communication. The transmitter sends a still image at the level of 187dB re $1{\mu}Pa/V@1m$ through a power amplifier by driving an ultrasonic sensor. The receiver performs digital conversion at the 100kHz sampling frequency, demodulation and decoding process for the image sent from the transmitter through the underwater communication. We have shown that the processed image at the receiver is almost the same as the orignal one. The maximum detection distance of the system proposed in this paper is approximately 1.17km. To cope with the difficulties of transmission loss, this paper proposes, implements and analyzes important parameters of sensors and circuits used in the system. Most of the underwater communication has focused on the transmission of audio signal, but this paper suggests an efficient underwater communication system for still image transmission.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.43-51
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• 2020

About 90% of groundwater wells in Jeju Island are reported to be under the threat of contamination by infiltration of the surface pollutants. Most of those wells have improperly grouted annulus which is an empty space between the well and the inner casing. As a remedy to this problem, some of the wells were re-grouted by filling the annulus with cement without lifting an inner casing. In order to evaluate whether this method is appropriate for the geological structure of Jeju Island, two wells (W1 and W2) were selected and this method was applied. The water holding capacity did not decrease while the nitrate levels decreased from 16.8 and 20.2 to 6.8 and 13.8 mg/L in W1 and W2, respectively. The higher nitrate level in W2 is deemed to be influenced by the livestock farms located in the upper area of the well. In addition, transmissivity of the vedose zone was higher in W2 than W1, potentially facilitating the transport of nitrate to the groundwater. The overall result of this study suggests re-grouting of wells for the purpose of protecting water quality of goundwater should take into account geological structure of vadose zone as well as appropriate source control of the contaminants.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.667-676
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• 1993

Boprosthetic cardiac valves fail from biological and metabolic as well as mechanical reasons, and the limited durability is the main factor of marked withdrawal in their clinical use. Starting the use of bioprosthetic valves in 1976, up to the end of 1992, the consecutive 178 patients have undergone re-replacement of glutaraldehyde-treated xenograft valves for primary tissue failure [PTF]among the patients who had initial valve replacement at Seoul national University Hospital. The explanted valves were 69 porcine aortic [51 Hancock, 12 Angell-Shiley and 6 Carentier-Edwards] and 141 bovine pericardial [129 standard-profile and 12 low-profile ionescu-Shiley] valwes, with an overall incidence of PTF of 15.2%. The operative mortality rate of re-replacement was 5.1%. Calcific degeneration and tissue damage in relation to calcification were the most frequent modes of PTF on gross examinatin of the explanted valves resulting hemodynamically in valvular regurgitation. The number of Hancocg porcine and the standard-profile Ionescu-Shiley valves in valves in mitral position failed more often from tissue damage [tears, holes, and loss or destruction of cuspal tissue] than calcification [68.3% vs. 39.0%, p<0.01] with resultant regurgitation in 61%, the Ionescu-Shiley valves in the same position in 53%. The tendency of more calcification than tissue damage[71.3% vs. 33.3%, p<0.001]with stenosis in 53%. The tendency of more calcification and immobility of cusps in the latter group was partly explainable by the inclusion of patients of pediatric age. Observation made in this study suggest : many of bioprosthetic valves would fail from calcification and tissue damage : some fail prematurely because of mechanical stress probably owing to the valve design in construction ; andeven those valves escaped early damage would be subject to calcify in the prolonged follow-up period. In conclusion, at the present time, the clinical use of bioprostheticxenograft valves seems to be quite limited until further improvement in biocompatibility and refinement in valve design in manufacture are achieved.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to find out and analyze the satisfaction degree related to job by general characteristics, satisfaction factors. This survey was based on the questionnaire method. The sample consisted of 51 noncommissioned officers, 72 administrative officers and 160 nurse officers from army hospitals. The data were collected from March 14 to April 18, 1994 and statistically analysed by percentage, mean and $x^2$ test. Factors of job satisfaction consist of 6 categories; job pristige, interaction, autonomy, task requirements, pay, and organizational requirements. The overall job satisfaction degree was $62.8\%$ in NCOs, $54.2\%$ in administrative officers and $33.3\%$ in nurse officers. The job satisfaction of NCCs increased in factors of job prestige (p<0.01), autonomy (p<0.05), task requirement (p<0.05), and was higher as age. There were statistically significant in the factors of pay in school background, Job prestige in rank (p<0.05). 'I'm OK and You're OK' type was $76.5\%$ which was the highest rate and A major personal traits also showed the highest job satisfaction $(63.7\%)$. There were significant difference between major personal traits and interaction (p<0.01), autonomy (p<0.05), organizational requirement (p<0.01), pay (p<0.05) and task requirement. The job satisfaction of administrative Officers was represented significant differences in factors of pay (p<0.05), task requirements (p<0.05) by school background. Long term Workers showed the highest job satisfaction and significant difference in factors of job prestige and organizational requirement (p<0.01). Job satisfaction in 'I'm OK but you're not OK' type was slightly high, and CP major personal traits also showed the highest job satisfaction. The job satisfaction of nurse officers was represented significant difference in factors of autonomy (p<0.01), job prestige (p<0.05), organizational requirement (p<0.05), and pay by age. In CP major personal traits. job satisfaction showed the highest rate (75.0)

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.51-58
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• 2018

This study aimed to find the related factors of nursing students' self-efficacy(including general self-efficacy and social self-efficacy), self-leadership and academic performance. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0. The general self-efficacy scores of the subjects in who're admitted according to aptitude, higher school grades, extroverts, and higher leadership were significantly higher than those who weren't. The social self-efficacy scores were significantly higher in younger ages, extroverts and higher leadership. Self-leadership was higher in those who're admitted according to aptitude. Academic performance was significantly higher in the females and higher school grades. Social self-efficacy was positively correlated with self-leadership, and negatively with academic performance. Explanation rate of sex, general self-efficacy and social self-efficacy on academic performance was 10.5%. These results can be applied as a basis for developing guidelines of nursing students' self-efficacy, self-leadership and academic performance after repeated studies.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.329-339
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• 2014

This study aims to estimate chlorophyll-a concentration in rivers using multi-spectral RapidEye imagery and Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA) and assess the applicability of SMA for multi-temporal imagery analysis. Comparison between images (acquired on Oct. and Nov., 2013) predicted and ground reference chlorophyll-a concentration showed significant performance statistically with determination coefficients of 0.49 and 0.51, respectively. Two band (Red-RE) model for the October and November 2013 RapidEye images showed low performance with coefficient of determinations ($R^2$) of 0.26 and 0.16, respectively. Also Three band (Red-RE-NIR) model showed different performance with $R^2$ of 0.016 and 0.304, respectively. SMA derived Chlorophyll-a concentrations showed relatively higher accuracy than band ratio models based values. SMA was the most appropriate method to calculate Chlorophyll-a concentration using images which were acquired on period of low Chlorophyll-a concentrations. The results of SMA for multi-temporal imagery showed low performance because of the spatio-temporal variation of each end members. This approach provides the potential of providing a cost effective method of monitoring river water quality and management using multi-spectral imagery. In addition, the calculated Chlorophyll-a concentrations using multi-spectral RapidEye imagery can be applied to water quality modeling, enhancing the predicting accuracy.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 2014

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is typical of a enormous biomass of marine zooplankton that could provide good nutrition in human body. This study was conducted to identify the nutrition of krill, a live in Antarctic Ocean. The analysis result of fatty acids of krill meal was as follow. The compositions of fatty acid were saturated fatty (SFA) acid 41.41%, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) 21.69%, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) 36.89%, and p/s ratio was 0.89. The major fatty acids in all parts were eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 21.54%), palmitic acid (27.51%), oleic acid (13.35%) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 12.42%). Especially, EPA and DHA were occupied 33.96% of polyunsaturated fatty acid. The mineral contents of krill meal were calcium 24477.21 mg $kg^{-1}$, sodium 14728.69 mg $kg^{-1}$, magnesium 6973.49 mg $kg^{-1}$, potassium 3981.67 mg $kg^{-1}$, iron 395.33 mg $kg^{-1}$ and manganese 5.74 mg $kg^{-1}$. The contents of major vitamin were retinol 86717.37 ${\mu}g$ RE, ${\beta}$-carotene 44.87 ${\mu}g$ RE, tocopherol 2.60 mg, pantothenic acid 1.61 mg, indicating that krill meal contains large amount of retinol and ${\beta}$-carotene.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.51-55
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• 2011

This paper describes the temperature compensation algorithm using thermopile detector for nondispersive infrared methane gas sensor. From the output voltage of thermistor that is attached onto the infrared detector, the ambient temperature was extracted. The effects of temperatures on the properties of sensor module (the characteristics of narrow bandpass filter, optical cavity and infrared lamp, and gas absorption coefficient times optical path length) have been introduced in order to implement the temperature compensation algorithm. Even though the measurement error of developed sensor module was in the range of $\pm$ 1,500 ppm, after programming the temperature compensation algorithm, the developed sensor module shows a high accuracy less than +180 ppm error within $20^{\circ}C$ temperature variation.