• 혜화의학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.489-494
• /
• 2001

To determine the preventive effect of Samulanshintang (SA) on stress, we investigated the physiological change of rats which were applied immobilization stress. For immobilization stress, rats were placed in restrainer for 12 hours a day for 3 days. During application of stress, body weight of rats was measured. After sacrifice, 4 organs were taken for measurement of organ weight. Brain was homogenated and its catecholamine and serotonin contents were measured with HPLC. In our study, stress mainly induced increase of concentration of neurotransmitters in brain without other significant physical change of rats. SA inhibited stress induced changes of neurotransmitter content in brain.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.41-49
• /
• 1979

By intraperitoneal administration of thioacetamide to rats, acute liver injury was produced. In these rats, the level of serum GOT and GPT activities showed a remarkable increase and the principal histopathologic change was centrilobular hepatic necrosis. In this study, combined administration of silymarin with promethazine hydrochloride to the rats with acute liver injury which was produced by thioacetamide inhibited the increase of serum transaminase activities and protected the histopathologic change, showing comparatively more improved results than simple administration of silymarin alone. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that promethazine hydrochloride potentiates the effectiveness of silymarin in acute thioacetamide hepatotoxicity of rats.

• 한국잠사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국잠사학회 2003년도 제46회 춘계 학술연구 발표회
• /
• pp.60-60
• /
• 2003

This study was undertaken to find effects of ethanol extracts from Bombyx mori on the hyperglycemia induced by streptozotocin in rats. Blood glucose level of rats increased depending on experimental days after streptozotocin treatment. But there was no difference in blood glucose level between the rats injected with ethanol extracts of B. mori normal rats. (omitted)

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 1989

$^{99m}Tc-Pertechnetate\;(TcO_4^-)$ is concentrated by the stomach after intravenous injection, allowing the detection of ectopic gastric mucosa. It has been used to develop a noninvasive test of gastric secretion. However the cellular site of concentration is still controversial, that is whether mucin-secreting epithelial cell or acid-secreting parietal cell. This study is planned to investigate the effects of cimetidine and gastric acidity on the retention of $TcO_4^-$ in the gastric wall of the rat. Also we further attempted to clarify the uptake and secreting cell of $TcO_4^-$ in the gastric mucosa. One hundred rats were divided into two groups, preliminary (40 rats) and main examination group (60 rats). Preliminary examination group was composed of fasting group (20 rats) for the detection of the time for reaching stable $TcO_4^-$ retention ratio in gastric wall and post-prandial group (20 rats) for the detection of the time for reaching the maximal gastric acidity. Main examination group was composed of fasting group (30 rats), which was subdivided into control group (10 rats), cimetidine group (10rats), $Mylanta^{(R)}$ group (10 rats) and post?prandial group (30 rats), which was subaivided into 90 min group (10 rats), 90 min cimetidine group (10 rats), and 120 min group (10 rats). Retention ratio (%) of $TcO_4$ in the gastric wall and the pH of the gastric contents were measured in the extracted stomach of the six groups. Gastric wall retention ratio of $TcO_4^-$ was calculated by the gastric wall radioactivity (cpm) divided by total gastric radioactivity (cpm) at 30 mins after intravenous injection of 0.4 mCi of $TcO_4^-$. The results were as follows: 1) The time required for reaching stable $TcO_4$ retention ratio and the lowest gastric PH were 30 min and 90 min, respectively. 2) In the fasting group, the gastric wall retention ratio of $TcO_4^-$ was significantly increased in the cimetidine group, compared with the control group (P < 0.01). However there was no significant difference between the control and $Mylanta^{(R)}$ group 3) The $TcO_4^-$ retention ratios of 90 min and 120 min groups were lower than that of the fasting control group (p < 0.05), either. After administration of cimetidine, the retention ratio was significantly increased in 90 min group (p < 0.01). 4) While $TcO_4^-$ retention ratio and gastric pH were well correlated in the post-prandial 120 min group (r=0.7112, p<0.05), in the post-prandial 90 min and 90 min cimetidine groups correlated poorly. However, there was no correlation in the three fasting groups at all. Referring the above results, we infer that $TcO_4^-$ is secreted into the gastric lumen by both parietal and non-parietal cells, with dominant non-parietal $TcO_4^-$ secretion in the fasting state and dominant parietal $TcO_4^-$ secretion in the stimulated state.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.193-199
• /
• 2000

실험동물에 있어서 연령 차이에 따라서 xylene 독성이 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 검토하는 일환으로 5주령 및 12주령 흰쥐에 50% m-xylene을 체중 100 g 당 0.25 ml씩 1회 투여한 다음 24시간 후에 처치하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Xylene투여로 인한 요 중 methylhippuric acid 함량은 5주령군이 12주령군에 비해 현저하게 높게 나타났다. 그리고 간조직 중 cytochrome P-450 함량은 대조군에 있어서 5주령군이 12주령군 보다 약 50% 정도 낮게 나타났으나 xylene 투여로 인한 cytochrome P-450 함량 증가율은 12주령군 보다 5주령군에서 높게 나타났다. 간 alcohol dehydrogenase 활성치도 대조군에 있어서는 5주령군이 12주령 보다 약 35% 정도 낮게 나타났으나 xylene 투여로 인한 본 효소의 활성 증가율은 5주령군에서 오히려 높게 나타났다. 그러나 간 aldehyde dehydrogenase 활성치는 대조군 및 xylene 투여군 모두 5주령과 12주령간에 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 한편 xylene 투여시 체중 당 간무게, 간조직 malondialdehyde 함량 및 혈청 ALT 활성 변동을 통하여 간손상 정도를 상호 비교 관찰하였을 때, 12주령군이 5주령 실험동물 보다 간손상이 다소 심하게 나타남을 알 수가 있었다. 이상 실험결과는 연령에 따라 xylene에 의한 간손상의 차이는 이물질의 생체내 대사율이 달리 나타나기 때문일 것으로 생각된다.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.173-182
• /
• 2018

Valproic acid (VPA) plays a role in histone modifications that eventually inhibit the activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC), and will affect the expressions of genes Pdx1, Nkx6.1, and Ngn3 during pancreatic organogenesis. This experiment was designed to study the effect of VPA exposure in pregnant rats on the activity of HDAC that controls the expression of genes regulating the development of beta cells in the pancreas to synthesize and secrete insulin. This study used 30 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into 4 groups, as follows: (1) a control group of pregnant rats without VPA administration, (2) pregnant rats administered with 250 mg VPA on day 10 of pregnancy, (3) pregnant rats administered with 250 mg VPA on day 13 of pregnancy, and (4) pregnant rats administered with 250 mg VPA on day 16 of pregnancy. Eighty-four newborn rats born to control rats and rats administered with VPA on days 10, 13, and 16 of pregnancy were used to measure serum glucose, insulin, DNA, RNA, and ratio of RNA/DNA concentrations in the pancreas and to observe the microscopical condition of the pancreas at the ages of 4 to 32 weeks postpartum with 4-week intervals. The results showed that at the age of 32 weeks, the offspring of pregnant rats administered with 250 mg VPA on days 10, 13, and 16 of pregnancy had higher serum glucose concentrations and lower serum insulin concentrations, followed by decreased concentrations of RNA, and the ratio of RNA/DNA in the pancreas. Microscopical observations showed that the pancreas of the rats born to pregnant rats administered with VPA during pregnancy had low immunoreaction to insulin. The exposure of pregnant rats to VPA during pregnancy disturbs organogenesis of the pancreas of the embryos that eventually disturb the insulin production in the beta cells indicated by the decreased insulin secretion during postnatal life.

• 대한약리학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.95-100
• /
• 1987

본 연구는 측좌각, 봉선핵 및 후구 등 서로 다른 뇌 부위의 손상으로 야기된 공격성에 대한 약물의 효과를 비교 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 측좌각, 봉선핵 및 후구 손상으로 야기된 muricide는 atropine으로 억제되었으나 hyperirritability는 억제되지 않았다. 2. 측좌각, 봉선핵 손상으로 인한 muricide는 L-DOPA, L-5-HTP에 의하여 현저히 억제되었으나 후구 손상으로 인한 muricide는 거의 억제되지 않았다. 3. 측좌각, 봉선핵 및 후구 손상으로 인한 muricide는 항우울제에 의하여 현저히 억제되었다. 특히 측좌각 및 봉선핵 손상으로 인한 muricide 억제에는 nomifensine과 clomipramine이 효과적이었으며 후구 손상으로 인한 muricide 억제에는 imipramine이 가장 효과적이었다. 그러나 hyperirritability는 항우울제에 의하여 거의 억제되지 않았다. 이상의 결과에서 측좌각 손상으로 인한 공격성의 약물학적 특징은 후구보다는 봉선핵 손상으로 인한 공격성과 유사하였으며 muricide 억제에 대한 항우울제의 효과가 서로 다른 것을 이용하여 항우울제의 작용평가에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.94-100
• /
• 2001

연령에 따른 내당능의 감소 발생여부를 Sprague-Dawley종 흰쥐 수컷을 실험동물로 하여 연구한 결과는 다음과 같다. 연령에 따른 몸무게 변화는 1개월에서 2개월 사이에는 급격한 증가를 보였으며 2개월에서 4개월까지는 완만한 증가를 그 후 8개월까지는 미미하였다. 절식상태에서 혈당량(mg/dl)은 성장기군에서 $92{\pm}8.9$였으며 성숙기군에서는 $106{\pm}13.6$으로 성장기군에 비해 높았으며 인슐린 농도 또한 성숙기군에서 높았다. 체중 100mg당 180mg의 당을 부하한 내당능 검사에서도 성숙기군에서는 성장기군에 비해 당내성의 감소현상을 나타내었다. 당부하 검사시 동시에 측정한 혈장 인슐린 농도는 첫 30분에는 성장기군에서 높았으나, 120분에는 성숙기군에서 높은 값을 나타내었다. Soleus근의 당 섭취능은 성숙기군에서 성장기군보다 낮았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 인슐린 첨가에 의한 당 섭취능의 변화양상은 성숙기군과 성장기군 사이에 특별한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.449-453
• /
• 2004

Effect of pre-treatment with hot water extract of marine brown alga Sargassum polycystum C.Ag. (100 mg/kg body wt, orally for period of 15 days) on HCI-ethanol (150 mM of HCI-etha-not mixture containing 0.15 N HCI in $70\%$ v/v ethanol given orally) induced gastric mucosal injury in rats was examined with respect to lipid peroxides, antioxidant enzyme status, acid/pepsin and glycoproteins in the gastric mucosa. The levels of lipid peroxides of gastric mucosa and volume, acidity of the gastric juice were increased with decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes and glycoproteins were observed in HCI-ethanol induced rats. The rats pre-treated with seaweed extract prior to HCI-ethanol induction reversed the depleted levels of antioxidant enzymes and reduced the elevated levels of lipid peroxides when compared with HCI-ethanol induced rats. The levels of glycoproteins and alterations in the gastric juice were also maintained at near normal levels in rats pre-treated with seaweed extract. The rats given seaweed extract alone did not show any toxicity, which was confirmed by histopathological studies. These results suggest that the seaweed extract contains some anti-ulcer agents, which may maintain the volume/acidity of gastric juice and improve the gastric mucosa antioxidant defense system against HCI-ethanol induced gastric mucosal injury in rats.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 2008

Taurine supplementation has been shown to have an effect on lowering blood lipids in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. It therefore seemed desirable to find out whether the beneficial effect of taurine on OVX rats fed calcium-deficient diet could also be reproduced. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups. One group was OVX and the other group received a sham operation (Sham). Each rat group was further divided into the control diet and the taurine supplemented (2.0g/100g diet) diet group. All rats were fed on calcium-deficient diet and deionized water ad libitum for 6 weeks. Plasma and liver lipids were determined by using commercial kits. LDL-cholesterol concentrations were estimated with the equation of Friedewald et al. (1972). There were no significant differences in body weight gain and food intake between the control and taurine group within Sham and OVX groups, but body weight gain, food intake, and food efficiency ratio was higher in the OVX group. Concentrations of plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol were significantly lower in the taurine fed group of OVX rats fed Ca deficient diet, while HDL-cholesterol concentration was increased in the taurine fed group. Therefore, in this study, we examined whether taurine also prevented hypercholesterolemia induced by ovarian hormone deficiency in ovariectomized rats when they were fed a calcium-deficient diet. These results indicate that taurine may have some beneficial effects on hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in OVX rats fed calcium-deficient diet.