• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.481-495
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• 2020

항내로 침입하는 특정 주파수대의 파랑을 제어할 목적으로 파랑필터이론에 근거한 공진장치가 고안된 이후, 선박의 장주기운동을 제어하기 위하여 미국 Long Beach 항 J-부두와 이탈리아 로마 요트항 등지의 실해역에 공진장치가 적용된 사례가 보고되어 있다. 최근, 초장주기파 혹은 고립파로 근사된 지진해일파의 제어에 관한 공진장치의 유용성과 적용성은 확인되어 있지만, 실해역에서의 지진해일파를 대상으로 한 검토는 보고된 사례가 없다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 동해안에 위치한 묵호항과 임원항에 기개발된 형상의 공진장치를 적용하여 1983년 동해중부지진해일과 1993년 북해도남서외해지진해일의 작용 하에 항내에서 지진해일고의 저감율을 COMCOT 모델에 의한 수치해석으로부터 검토하였다. 결과에 따르면 묵호항에서는 최대 40%~50% 정도, 임원항에서는 최대 21% 정도의 저감율을 각각 나타내었으며, 이로부터 실해역의 지진해일파에 대해서도 공진장치의 유용성을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 최적의 공진장치를 얻기 위해서는 현장 여건 등을 고려하여 공진장치의 형상, 배치 및 크기에 관해 다각도로 검토될 필요가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the joint movements and muscle activities of novices according to pedal type (flat, clip, and cleat pedal). Method: Nine novice male subjects (age: $24.4{\pm}1.9years$, height: $1.77{\pm}0.05m$, weight: $72.4{\pm}7.6kg$, shoe size: $267.20{\pm}7.50mm$) participated in 3-minute, 60-rpm cycle pedaling tests with the same load and cadence. Each of the subject's saddle height was determined by the $155^{\circ}$ knee flexion angle when the pedal crank was at the 6 o'clock position ($25^{\circ}$ knee angle method). The muscle activities of the vastus lateralis, tibialis anterior, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius medialis were compared by using electromyography during 4 pedaling phases (phase 1: $330{\sim}30^{\circ}$, phase 2: $30{\sim}150^{\circ}$, phase 3: $150{\sim}210^{\circ}$, and phase 4: $210{\sim}330^{\circ}$). Results: The knee joint movement (range of motion) and maximum dorsiflexion angle of the ankle joint with the flat pedal were larger than those of the clip and cleat pedals. The maximum plantarflexion timing with the flat and clip pedals was faster than that of the flat pedal. Electromyography revealed that the vastus lateralis muscle activity with the flat pedal was greater than that with the clip and cleat pedals. Conclusion: With the clip and cleat pedals, the joint movements were limited but the muscle activities were more effective than that with the flat pedal. The novice cannot benefit from the clip and cleat pedals regardless of their pull-up pedaling advantage. Therefore, the novice should perform the skilled pulling-up pedaling exercise in order to benefit from the clip and cleat pedals in terms of pedaling performance.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 1999

Purpose: Despite of the popular use of the reconstruction plate for the fixation of clavicular shaft fractures, some disadventages have been raised such as long period of immobilization, long skin incision, loosening of plate and screws, and increased chance of nonunion due to severe periosteal injury. Thus, the authors have performed intramedullary multiple Steinmann pins fixation that could reduce the disadvantages of plate fixation in order to compare the treatment results between the two groups. Materials & Methods: From 1994. Jan. to 1997. Dec. the department of orthopaedic surgery of the Kwak's hospital treated operatively for 56 cases of the clavicular shaft fractures in adult. 39 cases of them were treated with the plate fixation and 17 cases with the intramedullary multiple Steinmann pins fixation(SP group). Reconstruction plates(Plate group) were used for 26 out of 39 patients treated with plate fixation. Among the Plate group and SP group, each 15 cases were selected by age and sex and compared each other according to the bone union time, union rate, complication, and functional results. The follow-up period was 12 months at the shortest and 48 months at the longest and the average was 16 months. Results: The Plate group showed that the bone union time was 7 weeks and the bone union rate was 93%. The SP group showed 6.5 weeks and 100% respectively. In complication, the Plate group had 1 case of loosening of plate and screws and delayed union; SP group had 1 case of pin migration. The functional results according to Kang's criteria, 87% of the Plate group and 93% of the SP group showed good or excellent. Conclusion : The SP group showed very comparable results in terms of the bone union time, bone union rate, complication, and functional results comparing to the Plate group. The intramedullary multiple Steinmann pins fixation showed several advantages over the reconstruction plate fixation, which were simple operative technique, easy removal of pins, being able to perform immediate postoperative full range of motion exercise. Therefore, the intramedullary multiple Steinmann pins fixation is thought to be one of the useful operative techniques in treatment of the clavicular shaft fractures in adult.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.89-101
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• 1996

This study was performed to investigate influence of the changes of head posture on resting electromyographic (EMG) activity in anterior temporalis, masseter, sternocleidomastoid muscle and trapezius, and on status of occlusal contacts. For this study twenty-nine patients with temporomandibular disorders(TMD) and thirty dental students without any masticatory symptoms were selected as patients group and control group, respectively. EMG activity($\mu$V) at rest was observed in four kind of head postures such as natural or normal head posture(NHP), forward head posture(FHP), upward head posture(UHP), downward head posture(DHP), and in NHP and FHP, EMG activity with flat occlusal splint was also checked. BioEMG$^\textregistered$(Bioelectromyograph, Bioresearch Inc., USA) was used to record EMG activity in the above four muscles with eight locations on both sides. The author used T-Scan$^\textregistered$(Tekscan Co., USA) system to investigate the changes of oclusal contats on clenching in the four head postures about number, force, time(duration) and total left-right statistis(TLR, occlusal stability crossing left-right dental arch on clenching). For taking in upward or downward head posture, head was inclined $10^{\circ}$ upward or downward and CROM$^\textregistered$ (cervical-range-of motion, Performance attainment Inc., USA) was used to maintain same posture during the procedure. The results obtained were as follows : 1. For resting EMG activity, anterior temporalis did not show any difference by change of head posture, but masseter and sternocleidomastoid muscle showed higher value of EMG activity in FHP and UHP, and trapezius showed higher value of EMG activity in FHP and DHP. 2. EMG activity of trapezius was higher than that of any other muscles in NHP, FHP, and DHP, but in UHP, the activity was the lowest reversely. 3. Patients group showed higher EMG activity than control group did in all the muscles in NHP. And significant difference between the two groups were also observed in anterior temporalis in FHP, in sternocleidomastoid muscle in UHP, and in sterno-cleidomastoid muscle and trapezius in DHP with higher activity in patients group. 4. There was no change of EMG activity in NHp with splint, but EMG activity in anterior temporalis and masseter was decreased in FHP with splint. 5. In general, status of occlusal contacts was not changed with head posture in all subjects, and difference between patients group and control group was only noted for number and force of tooth contact in UHP and DHP with more value in control group. 6. Correlationship between EMG activity and number ad force of tooth contacts was shown negatively with regard to masseter in NHP, and trapezius in UHP and DHP.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2001

목적 : 고식적인 치료에 반응이 없는 14례의 환자에 대하여 관절경적 치료를 시행하여 이에 대한 치료결과를 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 1996년 3월부터 1998년 6월까지 회전근개의 석회화 건염의 진단하에 6개월이상 고식적 치료에 반응이 없어 관절경적 치료를 받은 14례 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 전례에서 극상근의 원위부에서 병변이 관찰되었으며 그 중 2례에서 극하근에, 1례에서 견갑하근에 병변이 동반되었다. 결과 평가는 UCLA 견관절 평가 지수와 Constant-Murley score를 이용하였다. 결과 : 동통 정도는 Constant-Murley score상 수술 전 평균 3.2점에서 수술 후 평균 8.3점으로 호전되었고 기능상으로는 UCLA점 수상 수술 전 평균 4.5점에서 수술 후 8..3점으로 호전되었다. 수술 전 평균 관절 운동 범위는 굴곡 110도, 외회전 45도, 내회전 제 3요추의 극돌기, 외전 90도로 제한되었으나 수술 후에는 굴곡 170도, 외회전 50도, 내회전 제 12흉추의 극돌기, 외전 140도로 호전되었다. 추시결과 판정은 우수 3례, 양호 9례, 보통 2례였다. 결론 : 보존적 치료에 호전이 없는 석회화 건염에 대하여 관절경적 치료는 효과적인 치료법으로 사료된다.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2009

목적: 슬관절 치환술 후에 발생한 합병증의 치료를 위해 시행한 관절경술의 결과를 알아보고 그 효용성을 확인하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1992년 5월부터 2008년 6월까지 본원에서 슬관절 치환술을 시행받은 후 합병증으로 인하여 관절경적 치료를 받았던 25예를 연구 대상으로 하였다. 25예 중 슬관절 전치환술을 시행받았던 경우가 19예, 부분치환술을 시행받았던 예가 6예였다. 모든 환자에서 관절경을 시행하기 전에 합병증의 원인을 밝히기 위해서 이학적 검사와 방사선 검사를 시행하였으며, 감염이 의심되는 경우 관절액 천자 및 혈액학적 검사를 추가로 시행하였다. 결과: 관절경술 시행 시 진단으로는 전치환술을 시행한 예에서는 감염 11예, 관절의 유착 및 섬유화로 인한 운동 제한 6예, 연부 조직의 충돌 2예 등이 있었으며, 부분 치환술을 시행한 예에서는 반월상 연골 파열, 유동성 치환물의 아탈구, 혈관절증, 관절 내 시멘트 유리체, 연부 조직 충돌 및 슬관절 강직으로 인한 운동 제한이 각각 1예 씩 총 6예가 있었다. 감염이 있던 11예 중 9예에서 관절경술만으로 치료가 되었고, 관절 강직이 있던 7예는 평균 슬관절 운동 범위가 술 전 $65^{\circ}$에서 최종 추시 시 $105^{\circ}$로 향상 되었으며, 나머지 예에서도 관절경술로 성공적인 치료 결과를 보였다. 결론: 슬관절 치환술 후 발생한 합병증의 치료로 시행한 관절경술은 적절한 환자의 선택 시 안전하고 효과적인 방법임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한추나의학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.157-167
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• 2005

후종인대 골화증의 수술적 단계 이전의 환자에 대한 보존적 치료는 대증적 치료가 주가 되어 왔다. 본 증례에서는 침구요법, 부항요법, 한약물요법, 한방 이학요법, 추나요법을 시행한 후종인대 골화증 환자에서 시각적 상사척도의 각 치료기간별 감소 및 경추부 가동역의 증가와 더불어 JOA Score의 향상, OPLL의 임상적 등급이 호전되는 치료 효과를 나타내게 되었다. 향후 본 질환에 대하여 보다 심도있는 한의학적 연구가 진행된다면 후종인대 골화증의 보존적 치료에 있어서 한방요법이 뚜렷한 역할을 하리라 기대하며 보다 많은 증례와 더불어 본 질환에 대한 평가의 기준 및 한방적 치료의 지침에 대한 연구가 진행되어야 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2008

Purpose: This study examined the application of electric stimulation to the auricle acupoint (frequency 2 Hz, stimulation level: noxious) with 30 elderly people over 65 years that received treatment in a rural hospital to determine the influence of pain, gait and balance in the aged with knee joint disease. Methods: The subjects were divided into three groups; the degenerative joint diseases (DJD) group (1 male, 9 females), the total knee replacement (TKR) group (1 male, 9 females) and the control group (1 male, 9 females). Auricualr electrical stimulation (AES) was applied with low frequency, high intensity transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for 10 seconds per each point. Results: 1. For the change of pain according to AES, there was interaction in the resting period (p<0.001) and gait (p<0.001) and pain of the DJD group and TKR group was decreased. 2. The range of motion (ROM) of the knee joint showed a significant difference in interaction for each group of elderly people (p<0.001) and the ROM for the DJD group and TKR group of elderly people was increased. 3. In the analysis of gait speed changes, there was a significant difference in interaction for each group of elderly people (p<0.001) and for gait speed in the DJD group and TKR group of elderly people. 4. It was found in the change of static balance that there was a significant difference in interaction for each group of elderly people (p<0.01) and balance capacity in the DJD group and TKR group of elderly people was increased. Conclusion: The aged with knee joint disease have pain, and a decreased function of gait and balance. AES was an excellent treatment for control of pain, and an excellent treatment to enhanced joint functions. AES was useful for improving gait and balance due to decreased pain.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.158-162
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• 2018

유방암에 의한 림프부종은 유방암 수술 이후 생기는 치료하기 힘든 부작용 중 하나로 여겨져 왔다. 환자들은 림프부종에 의한 신체적인 기능저하뿐만 아니라 삶의 질 저하로 인한 정신적인 우울감을 호소한다. 최근의 연구에서는 봉와직염이 유방암에 의한 림프부종의 위험성을 현저히 높인다는 결과가 있었고, 봉와직염 자체가 유방암에 의한 림프부종을 일으키는 위험 인자로 제시되어 왔다. 본 증례에서는 1달간의 성상신경절 블록으로 유방암에 의한 염증성 림프부종 환자의 증상 완화 및 팔 둘레의 현저한 감소에 대해 기술 하고자 한다. 우리는 환자의 팔 둘레를 4군데에서 측정하였는데 각각 팔꿈치를 기준으로 위 아래 5 cm, 10 cm에서 측정이 이루어졌다. 또한 통증 점수(NRS) 와 breast cancer questionnaire (LBCQ) 점수를 외래 방문마다 측정하였다. 두 번의 연속적인 성상신경절 블록 이후 환자의 통증 점수 및 팔 둘레는 감소하였고, 치료 중간에 봉와직염이 재발하여 다시 입원하여 항생제 치료와 병행하여 연속적인 성상신경절 블록을 시행하였고 환자는 시술의 결과에 대해 매우 만족하였다. 특히 환자는 통증 및 붓기의 완화와 어깨 관절의 움직임 개선에 큰 만족을 보였고, 결과적으로 환자의 삶의 질을 높이는데 기여하였다. 본 증례는 유방암에 의한 염증성 림프부종에 대한 성상신경절 블록의 효과에 대한 연구로, 스테로이드를 사용하지 않는 성상신경절 블록이 치료하기 힘든 염증성 림프부종 환자의 대체적이면서 보조적인 치료 방법으로 제시 될 수 있다는 것을 보여준다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2021

Previous studies have reported that deep neck flexor (DNF) exercise can improve neck problems, including neck pain, forward head posture, and headache, by targeting the deep and superficial muscles of the neck. Despite the prevailing opinion across studies, the benefits of DNF can vary according to the type of neck problems and the outcome measures adopted, ranging from positive outcomes to non-significant benefits. A meta-analysis was conducted in this study to assess conclusive evidence of the impact of DNF exercise on individuals with neck problems. We used PUBMED, MEDLINE, NDSL, EMBASE, and Web of Science to search for primary studies and the key terms used in these searches were "forward head posture (FHP)," "biofeedback," "pressure biofeedback unit," "stabilizer," "headache," and "neck pain." Twenty-four eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis and were coded according to the type of neck problems and outcome measures described, such as pain, endurance, involvement of neck muscle, craniovertebral angle (CVA), neck disability index (NDI), cervical range of motion (CROM), radiographs of the neck, posture, strength, endurance, and headache disability index. The overall effect size of the DNF exercise was 0.489. The effect sizes of the neck problems were 0.556 (neck pain), -1.278 (FHP), 0.176 (headache), and 1.850 (mix). The effect sizes of outcome measures were 1.045 (pain), 0.966 (endurance), 0.894 (deep neck flexor), 0.608 (superficial neck flexor), 0.487 (CVA), 0.409 (NDI), and 0.252 (CROM). According to the results of this study, DNF exercise can effectively reduce neck pain. Thus, DNF exercise is highly recommend as an effective exercise method for individuals suffering from neck pain.