• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.455-459
• /
• 2017

MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a group of small noncoding RNAs that modulate gene expression. Many studies, demonstrating altered expressions of specific miRNAs in diverse types of human neoplasia, suggested that they may play a key role in tumorigenesis. Recently, miRNA genes were found to be abnormally expressed in several types of cancer, including endometrial cancer. However, miR-23b and miR-203 expression in endometrial cancer has yet to be studied in Korea. As such, the purpose of this study was to analyze miR-23b and miR-203 expressions in endometrial cancer and to evaluate the relationship between miR-23b and miR-203 expressions. A retrospective study was carried out on the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of 42 endometrial cancer tissues using quantitative real-time PCR. In endometrial cancer tissues, miR-23b expression levels ($2.70{\pm}4.45$) were higher than miR-203 expression levels ($-2.34{\pm}4.08$). Endometrial cancer tissues showed an overexpression of miR-23b in 30 (71.4%) of the 42 endometrial cancer cases, whereas miR-203 was underexpressed in 29 (69.0%) of the 42 cases. There was a significant association between miR-23b and miR-203 expressions in endometrial cancer tissues (p=0.0005). These findings suggest that miR-23b and miR-203 expressions may be involved in endometrial carcinogenesis. More studies are needed to further define the relationship between miR-23b and miR-203 expressions and tissue-specific protein expression.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.1427-1433
• /
• 2012

In this paper, cycle performance analysis of cascade refrigeration system using alternative FREON refrigerants and natural refrigerants are presented to offer the basic design data for the operating parameters of the system. The operating parameters considered in this study include subcooled and superheated degree, and condensing and evaporating temperature, temperature difference of cascade heat exchanger in cascade refrigeration system. The COP of cascade refrigeration system increases with the increasing subcooled degree, but there is no significant changes with the increasing superheated degree. The COP of cascade refrigeration system depends on evaporating and condensing temperatures of cascade heat exchanger. Therefore, subcooled degree, evaporating and condensing temperature of cascade heat exchanger using alternative FREON refrigerants and natural refrigerants have an effect on the COP of this system. In this paper, COP of cascade refrigeration system using (R23 / R290), (R23 / R600), (R23 / R600a), (R23 / R717), (R744 / R404A) are higher 20 ~ 36 % than (R23 / R22), using R23 for low temperature system and R22 for high temperature system.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.374-375
• /
• 1992

The marine sterol (22R, 23R)-methylenecholesterol 1 has been synthesized from readily available C-22 steroidal ester 2 utilizing an intermolecular acyclic ester enolate alkylation as the key step.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.23 no.9
• /
• pp.1328-1330
• /
• 2002

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.11-20
• /
• 1996

한 쌍의 R16-1과 R23-2R primer를 이용한 PCR에 의해 증폭된 16S와 23S rDNA 사이의 rDNA spacer 부위의 다형성들이 Pseudomonas avenae, P. glumae, P. fuscovaginae, P. syringae pv. syrngae, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, X. oryzae, Xanthomonas herbicola 등 벼 종자전염성 51개 균주의 구분을 위하여 적용되었다. 증폭산물은 820∼950bp의 크기였으며, 각각의 종에 특이적이었고 구분이 가능하였다. Pseudomonas species의 증폭산물은 P. avenae는 950bp, P. glumae는 850bp, P. fuscovaginae는 770pb 및 P. syringae pv. syringae는 1,240, 1,100 및 820bp로 특이적이었다. P. avenae와 P. glumae의 국내균주들은 다형성에 있어 종내 변이는 없었다. X. oryzae pv. oryzae의 860bp와 X. oryzae pv. oryzicola의 890, 440 및 370bp의 이차산물에서 Xanthomonas species의 종내에서 균주에 관련없이 단일화된 다형성을 보였다. CXO 211을 제외한 모든 국내 균주는 a형에 속한 반면 하나의 국내 균주를 포함하여 4개 균주는 b형이었다. E. herbicola의 spacer 부위 증폭은 여러 개의 band를 보였으며, 증폭상은 각각 동일하였고, strain간의 종내 변이는 없었다. 본 실험 결과에 의하여 16S와 23S rDNAdp R16-1과 R23-2R primer를 이용하여 PCR 증폭된 spacer 다형성의 구별은 종자전염성 세균의 신속한 구별에 이용될 수 있을것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.519-530
• /
• 2022

Recent research indicates that lactate promotes the switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to a synthetic phenotype, which has been implicated in various vascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of lactate on the VSMC phenotype switch and the underlying mechanism. The CCK-8 method was used to assess cell viability. The microRNAs and mRNAs levels were evaluated using quantitative PCR. Targets of microRNA were predicted using online tools and confirmed using a luciferase reporter assay. We found that lactate promoted the switch of VSMCs to a synthetic phenotype, as evidenced by an increase in VSMC proliferation, mitochondrial activity, migration, and synthesis but a decrease in VSMC apoptosis. Lactate inhibited miR-23b expression in VSMCs, and miR-23b inhibited VSMC's switch to the synthetic phenotype. Lactate modulated the VSMC phenotype through downregulation of miR-23b expression, suggesting that overexpression of miR-23b using a miR-23b mimic attenuated the effects of lactate on VSMC phenotype modulation. Moreover, we discovered that SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3) was the target of miR-23b in regulating VSMC phenotype. Further findings suggested that lactate promotes VSMC switch to synthetic phenotype by targeting SMAD3 and downregulating miR-23b. These findings suggest that correcting the dysregulation of miR-23b/SMAD3 or lactate metabolism is a potential treatment for vascular diseases.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.254-263
• /
• 2021

Purpose: Periodontitis is associated with a dysbiosis of periodontopathic bacteria, which stimulate the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis that plays an essential role in the immunopathogenesis of this disease, leading to alveolar bone destruction through receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). IL-23 receptor mRNA (IL-23R) has been identified in periodontitis, and IL-17 receptor A mRNA (IL-17RA) and its protein have not yet been evaluated in patients with periodontitis. In this study was measure IL-23R and IL-17RA in gingival tissue (GT) from patients with generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP) and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) and to explore correlations with clinical parameters. Methods: We included 16 healthy subjects (HS), 18 patients with GCP, and 14 with GAP. GT samples were collected during periodontal surgery. Both IL-23R and IL-17RA were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The results were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman' rank correlation coefficients using SPSS version 25.0. We found lower IL-23R levels in patients with GCP and GAP than in HS. Contrarily, we observed higher IL-17RA levels in GCP and GAP patients than in HS. Moreover, we found negative correlations between IL-23R in GT and probing depth and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Likewise, a positive correlation of IL-17RA in GT with CAL was found. Conclusions: The results of these findings suggest that the reverse behavior between IL-23R and IL-17RA in periodontitis patients may also be involved with the activation of RANKL, which promotes alveolar bone loss.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.23 no.10
• /
• pp.1429-1435
• /
• 2002

The absolute stereochemistry of tetrin B (1), an antifungal antibiotic isolated from a soil actinomycete was determined by applying Rychnovsky analysis, the modified Mosher method, and CD exciton chirality to be 4R, 5R, 7S, 9R, 11S, 12R, 13S, 15R, 24S, and 25R.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.149-154
• /
• 2017

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-hodgkin lymphoma. Advances in the chemotherapeutic treatment of this disease have improved the outcomes of DLBCL; nonetheless, many patients still die of DLBCL, and therefore, a better understanding of this disease and identification of novel therapeutic targets are urgently required. In a recent gene expression profiling study, PDE (phosphodiesterase) 4B was found to be overexpressed in chemotherapy-resistant tumors. The major function of PDE4B is to inactivate the second messenger cyclic 3',5' monophosphate (cAMP) by catalyzing the hydrolysis of cAMP to 5'AMP. It is known that cAMP induces cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis in B cells, and PDE4B abolishes cAMP's effect on B cells. However, the mechanism by which PDE4B is overexpressed remains unclear. Here, we show that the aberrant expression of miRNA may be associated with the overexpression of this gene. The PDE4B 3' untranslated region (UTR) has three functional binding sites of miR-23b, as confirmed by luciferase reporter assays. Interestingly, miR-23b-binding sites were evolutionarily conserved from humans to lizards, implying the critical role of PDE4B-miR-23b interaction in cellular physiology. The ectopic expression of miR-2 3b repressed PDE4B mRNA levels and enhanced intracellular cAMP concentrations. Additionally, miR-23b expression inhibited cell proliferation and survival of DLBCL cells only in the presence of forskolin, an activator of adenylyl cyclase, suggesting that miR-23b's effect is via the downregulation of PDE4B. These results together suggest that miR-23b could be a therapeutic target for overcoming drug resistance by repressing PDE4B in DLBCL.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.50-56
• /
• 2009

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Phamacopuncture therapy using Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu (PC) at BL23 BL52 on the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal rats, then the related mechanisms were also investigated. In addition, the present author also investigated the effects of phamacopuncture therapy at BL23.BL52 on the rCBF in cerebral ischemic rats. The results in normal rats were as follows; PC (3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg) at BL23 BL52 significantly increased rCBF but decreased MABP. This result suggests that PC at BL23 BL52 significantly increased rCBF by dilating pial arterial diameter. Increase of PC (5 mg/kg)-induced rCBF was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin (1 mg/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase and methylene blue ($10{\mu}g/kg$, i.p.), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase. Decrease of PC (5 mg/kg)-induced MABP was significantly increased by pretreatment with methylene blue but was decreased by pretreatment with indomethacin. These results suggested that the action of PC (5 mg/kg) was mediated by guanylate cyclase. The results in cerebral ischemic rats were as follows ; The rCBF was significantly and stably increased by PC (5 mg/kg) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in Control group. In conclusion, these results suggest that phamacopuncture therapy using Carthami flos at BL23 BL52 can increase rCBF in normal state, and improve stability of rCBF in ischemic state. In addition, the present author also suggest that related mechanisms are involved in guanylate cyclase pathway.