• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.945-952
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• 2013

The R wave of QRS complex is the most prominent feature in ECG because of its specific shape; therefore it is taken as a reference in ECG feature extraction. But R wave detection suffers from the fact that frequency bands of the noise/other components such as P/T waves overlap with that of QRS complex. ECG signal processing must consider efficiency for hardware and software resources available in processing for miniaturization and low power. In other words, the design of algorithm that exactly detects QRS region using minimal computation by analyzing the person's physical condition and/or environment is needed. Therefore, efficient QRS detection based on SOM(Subtractive Operation Method) is presented in this paper. For this purpose, we detected R wave through the preprocessing method using morphological filter, empirical threshold, and subtractive signal. Also, we applied dynamic backward searching method for efficient detection. The performance of R wave detection is evaluated by using MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The achieved scores indicate the average of 99.41% in R wave detection.

• Journal of Information Technology Application
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.91-106
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• 2001

We propose a software-reliability growth model incoporating the amount of uniform and Weibull testing efforts during the software testing phase in this paper. The time-dependent behavior of testing effort is described by uniform and Weibull curves. Assuming that the error detection rate to the amount of testing effort spent during the testing phase is proportional to the current error content, the model is formulated by a nonhomogeneous Poisson process. Using this model the method the data analysis for software reliability measurement is developed. The optimum release time is determined by considering how the initial reliability R($\chi$ 0) would be. The conditions are ($R\chi$ 0)＞$R_{o}$ , $P_{o}$ ＞R($\chi$ 0)＞ $R_{o}$ $^{d}$ and R($\chi$ 0)＜$R_{o}$ $^{d}$ for uniform testing efforts. deal case is $P_{o}$ ＞($R\chi$ 0)＞ $R_{o}$ $^{d}$ Likewise, it is ($R\chi$ 0)$\geq$$R_{o}$ , $R_{o}$ ＞($R\chi$ 0)＞R(eqation omitted) and ($R\chi$ 0)＜R(eqation omitted)for Weibull testing efforts. Ideal case is $R_{o}$ ＞ R($\chi$ 0)＞ R(eqation omitted).

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.35-40
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• 2015

본 논문은 영어-한국어 교차언어 정보검색의 질의어 번역에 대한 중요한 자원으로 활용되는 병렬 말뭉치의 품질 향상을 위해서, 위키피디아의 비교 말뭉치로부터 자동으로 병렬 문장을 추출하여 활용하는 기법을 제안한다. 기존 연구에서 질의어 번역을 위해 위키피디아의 이중 어휘 사전 및 동의어, 다의어 정보를 구축하고, 기 기축된 병렬 말뭉치와 함께 활용하여 여러 의미를 가진 번역 후보 단어들 중, 최적의 단어를 선택하는 방법을 이용하고 있다. 여기서 활용되는 병렬 말뭉치는 질의어 번역에서 가장 중요한 자원이다. 하지만, 기 구축된 병렬 말뭉치는 양이 적거나, 특정 영역을 중심으로 구성되어 있는 문제가 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해, 본 논문은 위키피디아로부터 자동 병렬 문장 추출 기법을 이용, 대량의 영어-한국어 간 병렬 말뭉치를 구축하고, 이를 교차언어 정보검색을 위한 질의어 번역에 적용하여 개선을 보인다. 실험의 성능 비교를 위해서 NTCIR-5 데이터를 이용하였으며 기 구축된 세종 병렬 말뭉치를 활용한 질의어 번역의 성능이 MAP 31.5%, R-P 33.0%에서, 새롭게 구축한 위키피디아 병렬 말뭉치를 활용한 질의어 번역의 성능이 MAP 34.6%, R-P 34.6%로, 각각 MAP 3.1%와 R-P 1.6%의 성능 향상을 보였다.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.447-453
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• 1989

In order to study the transfer of antibiotics resistance genes of the genetically cloned bacteria in water environments, DK1 strain, which is resistant to kanamycin (Km), chloramphenicol (Cm), streptomycin (Sm), and sulfadiazine (Su), was selected from the Gram-negative bacterial isolates from wastewater. One of 4 plasmids harboured in the DK1 strain was found to possess Km$^{${\gamma}$}$Cm$^{${\gamma}$}$ gene and be about 68 kb in size, and it was designated as pDK101. The plasmid of pDK101 was also found to have 16, 32, and 6 restriction sites for EcoRI. .PstI, and SalI, respectively. From the digestion fragments of pDK101 plasmid and pKT230 used as a vector by EcoRI restriction endonuclease, pDT309 and pDT529 were constructed as chimeric plasmids which possess Km$^{${\gamma}$}$Cm$^{${\gamma}$}$ gene and are 30.9 and 52.9 kb in size, respectively. When the chimeric plasmids were trasformed into E. coli C600 or E. coli HB101, transformants of DKC601, DKC602, DKH102, and DKH103 were obtained as cloned bacterial cells. The Km$^{${\gamma}$}$Cm$^{${\gamma}$}$ genes were well expressed in those cloned cells and the chimeric plasmids were clearly detected in the cloned cells of DKC601 and DKH103.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.2
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• pp.223-228
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• 2013

Phytoplasmas were detected consistently in 42 mulberry cultivars showing dwarf disease using DNA analysis by amplification with phytoplasma universal primer pairs P1/P7 (about 1.8 kb and R16F2n/R2 (about 1.2 kb). The point mutation from 42 cultivars of mulberry tree was detected by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. The SSCP profiles were clearly observed from all of cultivars in 8% polyacrylamide gel, electrophoresizing for and running 8-15 hrs. at 150V, $10^{\circ}C$. The MD and JWB phytoplasma PCR products was mixed and electrophoresis was performed to detect their polymorphism. In this results, the SSCP profiles of all bands of MD and JWB were analyzed on single lane and were distinct in their each of band patterns. The SSCP analysis was possible to detect of 1.8 kb and 1.2 kb nucleotide size and near close band patterns were distinct by mix of two samples. Previously, it was only possible to detect of point mutation under 600 bp nucleotide sequence by SSCP analysis but this modification of SSCP technique was possible to detect clearly SSCP band patterns of about 1.8 kb and 1.2 kb nucleotides.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.5931-5936
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• 2012

This study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the PRESS technique based on the correlation between PRESS technique and biopsy results by applying 3.0T high magnetic field MRS technique for evaluation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients. This experiment were carried out using a 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging equipment. The part data of each spectrum is taken by peak area integration. The part data of resonance peak was used to calculate relative ratio. MR spectral peak in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is from 0.9 to 1.6 ppm. According to MRS method study result, Patients with NAFLD were obtained with 94% sensitivity and 80% specificity(p=0.000). When compared to normal based on MRS and Biopsy results was valid correlation(r=0.79, p=0.04). Results for NAFLD(r=0.89, p=0.002) also showed a correlation. Therefore, PRESS technique to evaluate patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the distribution difference between normal liver and fatty liver part is significantly distinguished. Biopsy and MRS fatty liver peak ratio(%) proves high lipid over grade(r = 0.7).

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.118-122
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• 2003

To develop vector plasmid for the bacteriophage P2-P4 system which is a useful experimental tool for the study of viral capsid assembly, we constructed a new P4-derived vector plasmid starting from P4 ash8 sid71 With recombinant DNA technology, a portion of P4 genome was deleted and tetracyclin resistance gene (terR) was introduced into P4 genome to give P4 selectivity. Resulting P4 ash8(sid71) terR was 12.09 kb long and could be converted to a viable bacteriophage with P2 infection. The burst size of induced bacteriophage form of P4 ash8(sid71) terR was determined. The CsCl buoyant equilibrium density gradient experiment of new P4 derivative suggested the upper limit of packaging capacity in P2-size head.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.437-444
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• 2016

Most methods for detecting arrhythmia require pp interval, diversity of P wave morphology, but it is difficult to detect the p wave signal because of various noise types. Therefore it is necessary to use noise-free R wave. In this paper, we propose algorithm for premature contraction arrhythmia classification through ECG pattern analysis and template threshold. For this purpose, we detected R wave through the preprocessing method using morphological filter, subtractive operation method. Also, we developed algorithm to classify premature contraction wave pattern using weighted average, premature ventricular contraction(PVC) and atrial premature contraction(APC) through template threshold for R wave amplitude. The performance of R wave detection, PVC classification is evaluated by using 6 record of MIT-BIH arrhythmia database that included over 30 PVC and APC. The achieved scores indicate the average of 99.77% in R wave detection and the rate of 94.91%, 95.76% in PVC and APC classification.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.19 no.4 s.74
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• pp.429-440
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• 2006

This paper comprises two specific objectives. The first is to examine the applicability of ordinary kriging interpolation(OK) to the p-adaptivity of the finite element method that is based on variogram modeling. The second objective Is to present the adaptive procedure by the hierarchical p-refinement in conjunction with a posteriori error estimator using the modified S.P.R. (superconvergent patch recovery) method. The ordinary kriging method that is one of weighted interpolation techniques is applied to obtain the estimated exact solution from the stress data at the Gauss points. The weight factor is determined by experimental and theoretical variograms for interpolation of stress data apart from the conventional interpolation methods that use an equal weight factor. In the p-refinement, the analytical domain has to be refined automatically to obtain an acceptable level of accuracy by increasing the p-level non-uniformly or selectively. To verify the performance of the modified S.P.R. method, the new error estimator based on limit value has been proposed. The validity of the proposed approach has been tested with the help of some benchmark problems of linear elastic fracture mechanics such as a centrally cracked panel, a single edged crack, and a double edged crack.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.499-508
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• 2000

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the validity of 2 kinds of digital radiography techniques in evaluating the radiopacity comparison of restorative materials and to determine the relative radiopacities of several kinds of compomer and flow able resin using these techniques. After taking radiographs of an aluminum step wedge, con-elation of optical density calibration curves were evaluated between conventional radiography with transmission densitometer and CD-Dent digital radiography (storage phosphor system) and between conventional one and RVG$^{(R)}$ digital radiography (CCD system). Compomers such as Dyract$^{(R)}$ AP, Compoglass$^{(R)}$, and Dyract flow$^{(R)}$, and flowable resins such as Ultraseal-XT$^{(R)}$ plus$^{TM}$, Revolution$^{TM}$, Aeliteflo$^{TM}$ and Tetric-flow$^{(R)}$ were used. Five specimens of 5mm in diameter and 2 mm thick were fabricated with each material. Radiopacities of the materials were measured using the above radiographic techniques and compared. The results were as follows: 1. When the optical density calibration curves were compared, conventional radiography and both CD-Dent and RVG$^{(R)}$ digital radiographies showed very high inverse correlations (${\gamma}$=-0.95, ${\gamma}$=-0.98 ; p<0.05). 2. All the tested restorative materials showed levels of radiopacity the same as or greater than that of dentin (p<0.05), Radiopacities of Dyract$^{(R)}$ AP, Compoglass$^{(R)}$, and Tetric flow$^{(R)}$ were greater than those of Revolution$^{TM}$, Aeliteflo$^{TM}$, or dentin (p<0.05). 3. Radiopacities of Dyract$^{(R)}$ AP, Compoglass$^{(R)}$, and Tetric flow$^{(R)}$ were shown to be greater than that of enamel when conventional radiography and CD-Dent digital radiography were used (p<0.05). Radiopacity of Dyract flow$^{(R)}$ was shown to be greater than that of Enamel when conventional radiography was used (p<0.05).