• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.833-847
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• 2010

In the past decade, there have been many advances in whole-genome sequencing in domestic animals, as well as the development of "next-generation" sequencing technologies and high-throughput genotyping platforms. Consequently, these advances have led to the creation of the high-density SNP array as a state-of-the-art tool for genetics and genomics analyses of domestic animals. The emergence and utilization of SNP arrays will have significant impacts not only on the scale, speed, and expense of SNP genotyping, but also on theoretical and applied studies of quantitative genetics, population genetics and molecular evolution. The most promising applications in agriculture could be genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection for the improvement of economically important traits. However, some challenges still face these applications, such as incorporating linkage disequilibrium (LD) information from HapMap projects, data storage, and especially appropriate statistical analyses on the high-dimensional, structured genomics data. More efforts are still needed to make better use of the high-density SNP arrays in both academic studies and industrial applications.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.199-208
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• 1993

This study was attempted to develop the eletronic-hydraulic hitch system for controlling the attitude of tractor implements and to investigate control performance of the system through experiments. Main components of the system developed in this study were reference inputs panel, inclination angle detecter, electronic controller consisted of IBM-AT PC and interfaces, electro-hydraulic directional valves and other hydraulic components and three-point hitch linkage. Experiments were carried out to investigate the response of the system to the step and sine inputs. The effects of hydraulic flow rate and dead band on control performance were analized. Attitude of the implement was controlled within 2.4-5.1 degrees to the setting attitude when the hydraulic flow rate was in the range of $0.25-1.5{\ell}/min$. And implement was controlled without rapid amplitude attenuation and phase angle change in the frequency range of 0.02-0.2Hz when the hydraulic flow rate was in the range of $0.25-1.5{\ell}/min$. Control performance of the system can be expected to be improved if the inclination angle detecter show rapid and stable output as the implement moves.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1047-1052
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• 2004

The genomes of Chinese native chicken populations were screened using microsatellites as molecular markers. A total of, 528 individuals comprisede12 Chinese native chicken populations were typed for 7 microsatellite markers covering 5 linkage groups and genetic variations and genetic distances were also determined. In the 7 microsatellite loci, the number of alleles ranged from 2 to 7 per locus and the mean number of alleles was 4.6 per locus. By using fuzzy cluster, 12 Chinese native chicken populations were divided into three clusters. The first cluster comprised Taihe Silkies, Henan Game Chicken, Langshan Chicken, Dagu Chicken, Xiaoshan Chicken, Beijing Fatty Chicken and Luyuan Chicken. The second cluster included Chahua Chicken, Tibetan Chicken, Xianju Chicken and Baier Chicken. Gushi Chicken formed a separate cluster and demonstrated a long distance when comparing with other chicken populations.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.516-521
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• 2014

A bacterium producing ${\alpha}$-galactosidase (${\alpha}$-$\small{D}$-galactoside galactohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.22) was isolated. The isolate, KM-1 was identified as Bacillus coagulans based on its 16S rRNA sequence, morphology, and biochemical properties. ${\alpha}$-Galactosidase activity was detected the culture supernatant of B. coagulans KM-1. The bacterium showed the maximum activity for hydrolyzing para-nitrophenyl-${\alpha}$-$\small{D}$-galactopyranoside (pNP-${\alpha}Gal$) at pH 6.0 and $50^{\circ}C$. It hydrolyzed oligomeric substrates such as melibiose, raffinose, and stachyose liberating a galactose residue, indicating that the B. coagulans KM-1 ${\alpha}$-galactosidase hydrolyzed ${\alpha}$-1,6 linkage. The results suggest that the decreased stachyose and raffinose contents in fermented soybean meal are due to the ${\alpha}$-galactosidase activity.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.1822-1830
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• 2002

The microsatellites are the short tandem repeats of 1 to 6 bp long monomer sequences that are repeated several times. These short tandem repeats are considered to be generated by the slipped strand mispairing. Based on the unique capability of alternating purine-pyrimidine residues to form Z-DNA, the possible role of the microsatellites in gene regulation has been proposed. The microsatellites are highly polymorphic, follow Mendelian inheritance and are evenly distributed throughout the genomes of eukaryotes. They are easy to isolate and the polymerase chain reaction based typing of the alleles can be readily automated. These properties make them the preferred markers for comparison of the genetic structure of the closely related breeds/populations; very high-resolution genetic mapping and parentage testing etc. The microsatellites have rapidly replaced the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in most applications in the population genetics studies in most species, including the various farm animals viz. cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep and pigs etc. More and more reports are now available describing the use of microsatellites in pigs ranging from measurement of genetic variation between breeds/populations, developing high resolution genetic maps to identifying and mapping genes of biological and economic importance.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.371-378
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• 2005

In the previous study, three kinds of monomers and the functional monomer, acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate (AAEM), which could improve the film property and cross-linkage, were polymerzied into acrylic resin copolymers (HSA-98-20, HSA-98-0, HSA-98+20) containing 80% solid content. In this study, the high-solid coatings(HSA-98-20C, HSA-98-0C, HSA-98+20C) were prepared by the curing reaction between acrylic resins containing 80% solid content and isocyanate at room temperature. Various properties were examined for the film coated with the prepared high-solid coatings. The introduction of AAEM in the coatings enhanced the abrasion resistance and solvent resistance of coatings, which indicated the possible use of high-solid coatings for top-coating materials of automobile. The curing times measured by viscoelastic measurement were 350, 264, and 212 min for HSA-98-20C, HSA-98-0C, and HSA-98+20C, respectively. This shows that the curing times become shorter with increasing $T_g$ values.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.194-201
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• 2018

Purpose: The objective of this study was to propose a formula for the theoretical grain mean transport velocities of an elliptically moving oscillator by modifying the grain mean transport velocity formula applied to linear motion and to compare the calculated values with the experimental values of grain mean transport velocity. Methods: The values of the throwing index ($K_v$) and the maximum horizontal velocities for various positions on the elliptical oscillator were obtained using kinematic analysis. To obtain the actual grain transport velocity, the mean transport velocities of perilla grains at six positions on the sieve surface were measured using a high-speed camera and compared with the theoretical values. The cam with an eccentric bearing on the oscillator was designed to be eccentric by 1.6 cm so that the lengths of the major axis of the elliptical motion were 3.2-3.6 cm. The material used in the experiments was perilla grain. Results: The experimental result was consistent with the theoretical value calculated using the proposed formula ($R^2$ is 0.80). It is considered that the angle difference between the maximum accelerations in the directions vertical and horizontal to the sieve has as much influence on the grain mean transport velocity as the value of Kv itself. Conclusions: It was possible to theoretically obtain the grain mean transport velocities through a screening device in elliptical motion by modifying the formula of the grain mean transport velocities used in linear motion.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.519-525
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• 2009

A bacterial strain (Strain N-08) capable of extracellularly producing high level of non-reducing oligosaccharide (NR-OS) isolated from soil. The strain was identified phylogenetically by 16S rDNA sequence analysis and found to be very close to Arthrobacter crystallopoietes. The high production of NR-OS was observed in the basal culture medium containing maltose as a sole carbon source. The NR-OS in culture supernatant was purified by glucoamylase treatment and Dowex-1 (OH.) ion exchange chromatography and its structure was characterized. This oligosaccharide consisted of only glucose. Methylation analysis indicated that this fraction was composed mainly of non-reducing terminal glucopyranoside. Matrixassisted laser-induced/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS)/MS analyses suggested that this oligosaccharide comprised non-reducing disaccharide unit with 1,1-glucosidic linkage. When this disaccharide was analyzed by $^1H$-NMR and $^{13}C$-NMR, it gave the same signals with $\alpha$-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,1)-$\alpha$-Dglucopyranoside. These results indicated that the NR-OS produced by A. crystallopoietes N-08 was ${\alpha}1$,${\alpha}1$-trehalose. This is the first report of the trehalose which can be produced directly from maltose by A. crystallopoietes N-08.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.373-384
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• 2005

Novel pH-sensitive moieties containing an s-triazine ring were synthesized with sulfonamide and secondary amino groups. The synthesized pH-sensitive moieties were used for the synthesis of a pH-sensitive amphiphilic ABA triblock copolymer. The pH-sensitive triblock copolymer was composed of diblock copolymers, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly ($\varepsilon$-caprolactone-co-D,L-lactide) (MPEG-PCLA), and pH-sensitive moiety. These copolymers could be dissolved molecularly in both acidic and basic aqueous media at room temperature due to secondary amino and sulfonamide groups. The synthesized s-triazine rings containing pH-sensitive compounds were characterized by ${^1}H-NMR,\;{^13}C-NMR$, and LC/MSD spectral data. The synthesized diblock and triblock copolymers were also characterized by ${^1}H-NMR$ and GPC analyses. The critical micelle concentrations at various pH conditions were determined by fluorescence technique using pyrene as a probe. Furthermore, the micellization and demicellization study of the triblock copolymer was done with pH-sensitive groups. The sensitivity towards pH change was further established by acid-base titration.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.233-238
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• 2018

Chitinases are glycosyl hydrolases which cleave the ${\beta}$-1,4 linkage of chitin into oligo or monomers of N-acetylglucosamine. These bacterial enzymes have been used for a wide range of applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, we isolated two potential chitinolytic strains, BAO-01 and BAO-02, from salt-fermented shrimp, which were shown to belong to the genus Salinivibrio through genetic characterization using 16S rRNA. These isolates were gram-positive, rod-shaped, and non-spore forming. BAO-01 showed greater growth and chitinase activity than BAO-02 after the incubation at $37^{\circ}C$ for 4 days. Both strains grew on a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources, pH values, temperatures, and salt levels. However, they showed minor biochemical differences. In addition, their antimicrobial activities against foodborne pathogens and antibiotic susceptibilities were evaluated. These Salinivibrio spp. did not show bioamine production, hemolytic activity, and mucin degradation. Therefore, the in vitro screening results suggested that these bacteria could be widely used as new candidates for chitin hydrolyzation and seafood fermentation.