• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.462-469
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• 2018

There are differences in method and cycle of flow rate survey depending on purpose of the operating department. To verify and use results of flow data according to the purpose, flow data of the directly measured and tele monitoring system were compared to verify validity. Flow measurement in the Ministry of Environment is aimed at setting up a standard flow of target water quality for water quality management and securing flow data of low and normal water level seasons for water quality evaluation. In this study, correlation analysis result ($R^2$) of same time zone data by direct measurement and tele monitoring system (TMS) at Seombon D point, a unit watershed of Seomjin river, for six years ('10 ~ '15) according to implementation of Total Daily Maximum Load (TDML) was wading 0.716, boating 0.962 and on bridge 0.943, and effectiveness of measurement method was verified by characteristics of flow duration as a season of dry and low-water; normal and high water are appropriate for wading, boating, and on bridge respectively. Results revealed it is reasonable to use directly measured results using the wading and boating method for low water level and dry seasons, and TMS data for rainy seasons. It can be used important data for future policy decisions.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.656-679
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• 2010

우리나라에서 기초연구에 대한 지원이 본격적으로 이루어진 것은 1990년 기초과학연구진흥법이 시행되면서부터 이다. 이후 90년대에 기초연구에 대한 지원이 확대되기 시작하였고, 이러한 추세는 21세기에 들어서면서 더욱 가속화되었다. 그 결과 기초연구의 대표적 연구성과인 SCI 논문도 크게 증가하였다. SCI 논문수는 2008년에 35,569편으로서 세계전체의 2.42%를 점유하는 등 양적으로 큰 성장을 이룩하여 왔다. 그러나 이러한 양적인 성장에도 불구하고 논문 피인용횟수로 나타나는 질적인 측면은 세계 30위권에 머무르고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 교육과학기술부의 기초연구사업을 중심으로 연구관리의 범주기획 지원 평과 관리 성과확산 중에서 지원, 평가, 성과확산에 관한 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. 특히 연구지원사업구조의 개편과 평가제도의 개선 그리고 기술료제도의 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.512-523
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• 2018

Background: 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (20S-PPD) is a fully deglycosylated ginsenoside metabolite and has potent dermal antiaging activity. However, because of its low aqueous solubility and large molecular size, a suitable formulation strategy is required to improve its solubility and skin permeability, thereby enhancing its skin deposition. Thus, we optimized microemulsion (ME)-based hydrogel (MEH) formulations for the topical delivery of 20S-PPD. Methods: MEs and MEHs were formulated and evaluated for their particle size distribution, morphology, drug loading capacity, and stability. Then, the deposition profiles of the selected 20S-PPD-loaded MEH formulation were studied using a hairless mouse skin model and Strat-M membrane as an artificial skin model. Results: A Carbopol-based MEH system of 20S-PPD was successfully prepared with a mean droplet size of 110 nm and narrow size distribution. The formulation was stable for 56 d, and its viscosity was high enough for its topical application. It significantly enhanced the in vitro and in vivo skin deposition of 20S-PPD with no influence on its systemic absorption in hairless mice. Notably, it was found that the Strat-M membrane provided skin deposition data well correlated to those obtained from the in vitro and in vivo mouse skin studies on 20S-PPD (correlation coefficient $r^2=0.929-0.947$). Conclusion: The MEH formulation developed in this study could serve as an effective topical delivery system for poorly soluble ginsenosides and their deglycosylated metabolites, including 20S-PPD.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.74-79
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• 2009

Titanium and titanium alloy can be reproduced immediately even if oxide films($TiO_2$) break apart in sea water. Therefore, since titanium demonstrates large specific strength and outstanding resistance to stress corrosion cracking, crevice corrosion, pitting and microbiologically influenced corrosion in sea water environment, it has been widely applied to heat exchanger for ships. In particular, with excellent elongation, pure titanium may be deemed as optimal material for production of heat exchanger plate which is used with wrinkles formed for efficient heat exchange. Conventional plate type heat exchanger prevented leakage of liquid through insertion of gasket between plates and mechanical tightening by bolts and nuts, but in high temperature and high pressure environment, gasket deterioration and leakage occur, so heat exchanger for LPG re-liquefaction device etc do not use gasket but weld heat exchanger plate for use. On the other hand, since welded plate cannot be separated, it is important to obtain high quality reliable welds. In addition, for better workability and production performance, lasers that can obtain weldment with large aspect ratio and demonstrate fast welding speed even in atmospheric condition not in vacuum condition are used in producing products. So far, 1st report and 2nd report compared and analyzed embrittlement degrees by bead colors of weldment through quantitative analysis of oxygen and nitrogen and measurement of hardness as fundamental experiment for the evaluation of titanium laser welding, and evaluated the welding performance and mechanical properties of butt welding. This study welded specimens in various conditions by using laser and GTA welding machine to apply edge welding to heat exchanger, and evaluated the mechanical strength through tensile stress test. As a result of tensile test, laser weldment demonstrated tensile strength 4 times higher than GTA welds, and porosity could be controlled by increasing and decreasing slope of laser power at overlap area.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.518-531
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• 1995

단일수로 해석 모형을 다수로 해석 모형으로 대체할 경우 얻을 수 있는 열적 여유도 향상에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 17$\times$17 국산핵 연료 장전 노심에 적용할 수 있는 새로운 임계열속 상관식을 개발하였으며, 여기에 사용된 부수로 국부 조건은 다수로 해석 코드인 TORC로 계산하였다. 그리고, 고온부구로 DNBR 분석을 위하여 전 노심에 대한 단일단계 해석 모형을 개발하였다. 분석 결과 다수로 해석 모형인 TORC/KRB-1 체제를 사용할 경우 단일수로 해석 모형인 PUMA/ERB-2 체제에 비하여 약 5% 이상의 열적 여유도를 회복할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 열적 여유도의 증가는 두 코드간의 고온부수로 국부조건 예측 성능 차이와 임계열속 상관식의 특성 차이에서 기인한 것이다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.445-454
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• 2019

This study was conducted to find out physical changes in the blood pressure and saliva cortisol of patients with high blood pressure and diabetes after participating in agro-healing activities. The saliva cortisol and blood pressure of 14 males and females aged 49.79±10.48 on average were measured after participating in agro-healing activities. The saliva collection system was used, and their satisfaction level for the program was also surveyed. Changes in the values before and after participating in the agro-healing activities were compared and analyzed. The cortisol concentration, a stress hormone, was reduced from 6.76nmol/L before the program to 4.86nmol/L after the program, down by 1.9nmol/L, which was a statistically significant difference (z=-3.170, p<.01). In addition, the cortisol concentration was gradually reduced through the entire program from Session 1 to Session 7. Changes in the blood pressure of subjects before and after participating in agro-healing activities were examined, and the total systolic and diastolic blood pressure continuously decreased after participating in agro-healing activities through the entire program from Session 1 to Session 7. Their systolic blood pressure was reduced statistically significantly (z=-1.947, p<.05). Also, participants' satisfaction was analyzed and it was found that more than 95% of participants answered 'satisfied' and 'very satisfied' with agro-healing activities. Therefore, these results indicate that agro-healing activities performed in the healing-farm had a positive impact on the cortisol concentration and blood pressure of patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes and high blood pressure. In addition, their high satisfaction for this program seemed to improve the psychological and physiological conditions of subjects.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.749-760
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• 2022

Omics-driven synthetic biology is a multidisciplinary research field that creates new artificial life by employing genetic components, biological devices, and engineering technique based on genetic knowledge and technological expertise. It is also utilized to make valuable biomaterials with limited production via current organisms faster, more efficient, and in huge quantities. As the bioeconomic age begins, and the global synthetic biology market becomes more competitive, investment in research and development (R&D) and associated sectors has grown considerably. By overcoming the constraints of present biotechnologies through the merging of big data and artificial intelligence technologies, huge ripple effects are envisaged in the pharmaceutical, chemical, and energy industries. In agriculture, synthetic biology is being used to solve current agricultural problems and develop sustainable agricultural systems by increasing crop productivity, implementing low-carbon agriculture, and developing plant-based, high-value-added bio-materials such as vaccines for diagnosing and preventing livestock diseases. As international regulatory debates on synthetic biology are now underway, discussions should also take place in our country for the growth of bioindustries and the dissemination of research findings. Furthermore, the system must be improved to facilitate practical application and to enhance the risk evaluation technology and management system.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.774-781
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• 2008

계란의 주요 오염 미생물을 분리하여 계란의 난각 표면과 내부에 접종한 다음 감마선 살균을 실시하여 각 미생물의 감마선 감수성을 평가하였다. 본 실험에서 시중 유통 계란으로부터 분리된 미생물을 16S rDNA 염기서열분석을 통하여 잠정 동정한 결과 Staphylococcus sciuri, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis 및 Enterococcus faecalis의 5 종의 미생물이 확인되었으며 Salmonella는 검출되지 않았다. 표준 시험균주인 S. Typhimurium을 비롯하여 계란 분리균주 5종을 계란 난각 표면과 내부에 $10^{6{\sim}7}\;CFU/g$되게 접종한 다음 감마선을 조사하여 D10 값으로 감마선 감수성을 평가한 결과, S. Typhimurium은 $0.365{\sim}0.399\;kGy$, Staphylococcus sciuri는 $0.418{\sim}0.471\;kGy$, B. cereus는 $1.075{\sim}1.119\;kGy$, E. coli는 $0.280{\sim}0.304\;kGy$, P. mirabilis는 $1.132{\sim}1.330\;kGy$, 그리고 Enterococcus faecalis는 $0.993{\sim}1.290\;kGy$ 수준의 D10 값을 나타내었다. 감마선 조사 후 $25^{\circ}C$ 상온저장 조건에서 미생물의 생장을 살펴본 결과, S. Typhimurium은 3 kGy에서, E. coli와 Staphylococcus sciuri는 5 kGy에서 완전 사멸되었으며 다른 미생물 접종 시험군에서도 각각의 $D_{10}$ 값에 준하는 미생물생장 억제효과가 나타났다. 일반적인 계란의 미생물 오염 수준을 102 CFU/g 수준임을 감안할 때, 3 kGy의 감마선 조사선량으로 계란의 미생물 제거가 가능할 것으로 사료되었다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.299-308
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• 2020

Composting is among the most effective integrated waste management strategies used to recycle sewage sludge (SS) waste and generate a useful product. An encapsulated lifting system is a relatively new industrial-scale composting technology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of composting dewatered stabilized SS mixed with green waste using this new technology. The composting process was monitored by changes in the physico-chemical properties, UV-visible spectra, and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The composting temperature was steady in the thermophilic range for 24 and 12 d in the intensive and maturation phases, respectively, which fulfilled the disinfection requirement. Moreover, the temperature increased rapidly to 76.8℃ within three days, and the thermophilic temperatures peaked twice and lasted longer than in traditional composting, which accelerated SS degradation and decreased the composting period necessary to obtain mature compost. FTIR spectroscopic analysis showed a diminished in methyl group derived from methylene C-H aliphatic groups because of organic matter degradation by microorganisms and an increased number of aromatic chains. The new technology may be a viable and sustainable alternative for SS management that converts waste into compost that is useful as a soil amendment.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.397-404
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• 2019

무기체계 연구개발 시, 실제 환경에서의 기간, 안전, 비용 등의 사유로 시험평가가 제한되는 항목에 대해 M&S(Modeling and Simulation)를 활용하여 시험평가를 실시할 수 있다. 이때 시험평가용 M&S의 신뢰성(credibility) 확보를 위해 VV&A(Verification, Validation and Accreditation) 활동이 요구된다. 최근 무기체계의 연구개발 경향이 첨단화됨에 따라 M&S 활용과 이에 따른 VV&A 활동도 증가되고 있다. VV&A 활동이란 시험평가용 M&S가 실체계의 모습대로 구현되고, 사용 목적과 의도에 대한 신뢰성이 보장되었는지 검증(verification), 확인(validation)하여, 인정(accreditation)하는 것이다. VV&A 활동은 V&V(Verification & Validation)와 인정 활동으로 나뉜다. 국방과학연구소(이하, 국과연)에서 시험평가용 M&S의 VV&A를 수행할 시, V&V 활동을 수행하는 V&V에이전트는 국과연의 별도부서가 수행하고 인정 활동을 수행하는 인정(A)에이전트는 기품원이 수행한다. 본 논문은 현재까지 국과연에서 V&V에이전트로 수행한 시험평가용 M&S VV&A에 적용된 V&V 활동 프로세스 적립 결과를 소개한다. 이는 시험평가용 M&S의 개발과정에서 산출되는 각종 문서 및 개발 자료 등을 인정평가 항목의 관점에 따라 검증 및 확인을 하여, 인정판정 및 수락기준 충족여부를 판단할 수 있는 객관적인 근거 자료를 만들기 위해 수행한 프로세스이다.