• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.205-227
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• 1995

The objectives of this study were to 1) classify the cooperative farmers' organizations in Korea according to the development level and institutional aspects through the exploration of its' conceptual and institutional basis, 2) analyze the farmers' needs for organization, 3) identify the problems and situation of organizations, and 4) formulate an effective management model for each cooperative farmers' organization. The study was carried out through a review of literature and using available statistical data collected from various sources and empirical survey. Major findings of the study were: 1) the cooperative farmers' organizations could be classified into four types : crop units, farming cooperative corporation, trust farming companies and joint-stock agri-business. 2) a lot of members of the organization feel that the information is insufficient, the opportunity to suggest their own ideas is hardly given, and the members are not satisfied with the cooperation among the members, 3) the members who have higher level of schooling education showed a higher participation level in the organization, 4) most of members did not recognize the organization they participated in, 5) participation of the organization's members and concerned institutions is an important factor to promote problem solving and better communication within the organization, 6) any type of continuing education for the members is needed to facilitate the transfer of a new agricultural and organizational technology, 7) research and development(R & D) is one of the most important factors of the development of organizations, 8) most organizations are deficient in professional management skills(financial, personal, accounts, etc.), 9) the trust farming companies have difficulties in managing the firm on account of the characteristics of agriculture(especially seasonal), the dispersed trust lands, and the need for more alternative work in the winter season, and 10) in the case of agri-businesses, their organizations are more specialized in marketing and have more structured systems of management. Based on the results of the study the following recommendations were made for further improvement and development of agricultural cooperative organizations : (1) More governmental support should be given to education for improvement of the organizational structure. And more deliberate and differentiated governmental support should be provided for the organizations to be viably managed. (2) For more efficient communication between the members and the organization, more opportunities for discussion are needed. (3) The more research should be committed to this kind of work in order to get more analytic data and strategic plans of cooperative organizations.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.49-70
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• 2011

While new service development has become one of the most popular topics among practitioners and academics, methodologies development for new service development is only in its infancy. Especially, despite the growing interests in open innovations that effectively utilize external resources for R&D, existing research on new service development methodology designed to use external resources is scant. This article proposes a new methodology to generate new service business models that utilize massive external resources in combination with internal resources using ICT. The "Open Collaboration Innovation Methodology (OCIM)" is built based upon the theory of open innovation model and social psychology theories on behavioral motivation for cooperation. The model begins with the procedures to identify external resources that meet service objectives and requirements, and suggests motivation, control and monitoring mechanisms to implement a new service model. A business case is followed to demonstrate the use of the model. We expect that this model can be practically used by companies that are planning for developing new business models, and will provide a better understanding on open collaboration models, collective intelligence and crowd sourcing models.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1193-1199
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to show the antioxidant properties of chestnut (Castanea crenata) bur extracts fermented by Lactobacillus casei. The chestnut has been used as a cosmetic material in Korea for many years. This study showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were inhibited by the fermentation materials of chestnut bur extracts. The antioxidant activities were analyzed and expressed as EDA, ABTS, reducing power, SOD-like activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, superoxide anion radical scavenging activity, and nitric oxide scavenging ability. The antioxidant activities of fermentation materials from L. casei of chestnut bur extracts were higher than those of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and ascorbic acid (AA). Therefore, we expect that fermentation materials from L. casei of chestnut bur extracts are valuable resources as natural antioxidants and functional cosmetics ingredients.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.139-148
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• 2016

The importance of technology commercialization is being emphasized more and more, but high technology excellence does not always lead to a successful business. In addition, companies that invest heavily in basic research and technology development are also not always able to guarantee high profits. This is due to the technical problems when present in step research and development levels are difficult to commercialize. And the market will not work rationally is also the cause of the problem. Therefore, to effectively utilize the resources necessary to ensure such partners to build alliances and cooperation with external funding or manpower is crucial to commercialize the research results of basic science successfully. In previous studies, it has been made many studies in accordance with the approach to the technology (e.g. Research and Development, Management of Technology, Technology Innovation, etc.). But the study of technology commercialization point of view is not being done much. This study should explores the available business required, or realized in the process of researching the basic science and trying to understand the imperfections of the market through the property of technology (tacit knowledge, objectified value of technology and the information asymmetry between innovation subjects, etc.). In addition, this paper, we try to focus on a strategic approach to the role of International Science Business Belt (ISBB) with success in science and technology business as appropriate countermeasures about breaking the 'Valley of Death.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.421-447
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• 2014

Traditional medicine has been integrated into the national health system in many countries such as Korea, China, Taiwan, etc. Korea and China are most representative among them. The purpose of this study is to compare the policies on traditional medicine in Korea and China focusing on where it came from and where it is headed. In this regard, the study suggested the first analysis tool in the world for analyzing the policy of traditional medicine. The results of the study are as follows: First of all, the development process of Korean Medicine (KM) and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) shows the same pattern, that is, both are influenced by its own national policies. Secondly, the difference between the two countries is due to the gap in the development status or the different aspects in national heath system. TCM is more vitalized in health system and has larger category, and stays ahead in globalization compared to KM. TCM covers Chinese medicine, integrative medicine and ethno-medicine. Korea emphasizes the role of KM in the declining birthrate and aging society, and promotes the overseas patient invitation strategy. China, on the other hand, establishes the medical system for emergency medical treatment and preventive treatment of major diseases and promotes overseas expansion of TCM service. In addition, Korea stressed the safety and distribution of herbal medicine, and China emphasizes production technologies. Korea has a strong medical device industry along with the government's fostering policy; however, in China, medical devices are in the R&D stage yet. Even though both countries promotes the drug development from natural products, Korea focuses on developing herbal cosmetics in application industry, but China shows weakness in policies on application industry. China shores up the foundation for culture and theory of traditional medicine, while Korea doesn't have related policy. Korea places emphasis on promoting collaboration with international organizations and medical volunteer programs, whereas China is more interested in mutual cooperation and real trade with other countries.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.79-84
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• 2009

Recently, the degree of navigating vessel's risk is increasing significantly by growing of vessel's volume and increasing of marine facilities, marine bridges and port development etc. As a result, Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs generalized formal Maritime Safety Audit as a comprehensive maritime traffic safety management system in order to ensure safety improvements from the planing to maintaining of the development which influence to maritime traffic environment. A MSA is a formal safety performance examination of an existing or future fairway by an audit team. It qualitatively estimates and reports on potential risk of Maritime traffic safety and identifies the measure for improving in safety of human life and preservation of environment. This paper introduced the outline of MSA policy as the guideline for making audit reports is on its developing which is mainly processed by Maritime Safety Research Center, KST in cooperation with KMU, MMU and KORDI.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.3-13
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• 2008

The year 2007 marked two important anniversaries for space. The Soviet Union launched Sputnik 50 years ago on October 4. 1957. The 40th anniversary of the United Nations treaty on outer space was also marked in 2007. 2008 and 2007 were full of dramatic events of space activity as well : Success of Japan's first large lunar explorer 'KAGUYA'(SELENE) and China's 'Chang'e 1', launch of ISS laboratory module, 'Colombus' and 'Kibo', test of China's ASAT, and success of Korea's first astronaut program and so on. International government space budgets reached $78.3 billion in 2007, a strong growth rate of 36% over 2006, and the recently released Global Exploration Strategy, The Framework for Coordination is a set of guidelines for international cooperation among 14 of the world's space agencies. Worldwide space industry revenue grew by 20% over 2005, $106.1 billion in 2006 and $173.9 billion expected in 2007. This paper discusses the issues related to the Earth observation R&D trend and market in detail. Korea's 2008 government space spending is \316.4 billion, 2007 space industry revenue was $106 million. Several research projects are now underway and STSAT 2 will be launched by KSLV-1 at the Naro Space Center within this year.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.491-500
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• 2005

To test applicability to the Hanwoo traceability system, twenty microsatellite markers were selected and analyzed. MSA, CERVUS, FSTAT, GENEPOP, API_CALC and PHYLIP software was employed serially to estimate heterozygosity, polymorphic information content, F-statistics, identity probability, exclusion probability and genetic distance. Eleven microsatellite markers(TGLA53, TGLA227, ETH185, TGLA122, BM4305, INRA23, ILSTS013, BMS1747, BM2113, BL1009, and ETH3) were selected based on their high heterozygosity values. Identity probability using these markers is one hundred times higher than when using StockMakersTM of Applied Biosystems. This indicates the selected microsatellite markers are appropriate and effective for use in the Hanwoo traceability system. Additionally, estimates of DA genetic distance and pairwise-FST can be utilized to identify genetic relationships between adjacent farms.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.5
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• pp.241-280
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• 2007

This study examines the relationship of the industry-specific factors that effect innovation of manufacturing technology and the market share within the defense industry. Since the establishment of the basic defense industry framework in 1973, there were numerous interactions of the industry-specific factors of the defense industry structure with the technological innovation and market organization of the defense industry. During last three decades, the domestic defense industry has achieved the considerable level but the framework of the basic system has not developed much in areas of the military science and the defense manufacturing technology. Industry-specific factors were formed in the process and appeared in a variety of behavioral characteristics as subsystems. Currently, there IS a growing trend where the management of defense industry is gradually deteriorating due to limitation of the domestic industry-specific factor (e.g. defense technologies, amount of demand, etc.). If there is a prominent imbalance of the industry-specific factors. it can trigger the potential problem of conflict, lack of cooperation and control, slowing the growth of the manufacturing technology thereby diminishing the market and deteriorating the defense supply/demand relationship. In a research conducted by Joe S. Bain, Bain analyzed the relationship of the traditional industrial organization where industry-specific factor(S) not only impacts the conductor(C). And, conductor(C) influences the shaping of the performance(P) of relationship of the traditional industrial organization. Consequently, the researcher has identified the demand monopoly, barriers to entry, and market competition with comparison of defense industry issues. These defense issues were three industry-specific factors identified, which are 1) The demand monopoly and The entry barriers to new market competition, 2) the industrial technical factor to a production technical competitiveness and a market sharing competitiveness, 3) the probability factor to revolution for military affairs(RMA) and a R&D production. According to baseline with these factors, the following research model is established from the special companies group(Group A), the systematization companies group(Group B), and the general companies group(Group 0. The hypothesis is that if there are more industry-specific factors, then there will be more relationships of defense industry relation statutes. This research is an empirical study on the relationship that the industry specific factors effects the innovation of manufacturing technology and the shaping of the market in the defense industry. Moreover, the existing models to evaluate the industry specific factors of the defense industry IS much to be desired with the controlled statistical analysis of the result. It is vital to study on current situation with suggesting alternative strategy to the efficient strategy. The descriptive analysis approach analysis is conducted with SPSSWIN to conduct reliability test, factor analysis, correlation analysis, cross-tabulation analysis, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. However, there were some limitations of the survey such as the rigidity of concept about the technical factors and various market management factors. The wishes is that the decision-maker could be utilized these defence industrial factors to formulate efficient defence policy and strategy in the future.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.351-355
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• 2010

This study was conducted to determine the relationship of larval density of tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) to damage in greenhouse sweet pepper. Laboratory experiments, cage experiments by artificial release and field investigation were carried out in 2008. The leaf consumption rate increased greatly with larval development. The damaged leaves had several round or oval shape holes on the surface or lost certain parts of them, and the fruit damaged had a conspicuous hole on the surface or scar marks around the calyx. In the field investigation, fruit damage was highly correlated with larval densities and reached 3.5% damage at maximum. Cage experiments showed that numbers of non-marketable fruit increased as increasing larval densities released. The larval density at two weeks before harvest had a high relationship with the percentage of damaged-fruit at harvest. Corresponding larval density caused 1, 3, 5% of damaged-fruit was 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 larvae per plant, respectively.