• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.702-709
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• 2018

노후화된 자갈궤도를 콘크리트 궤도로 개량하는 급속경화궤도 기술이 개발되어 일반철도 및 도시철도의 토공 및 터널 현장에 적용되고 있다. 프리스트레스 방식으로 제작되는 콘크리트 침목에는 일반적으로 보강 개념의 철근이 적용되지 않는다. 그러나 철도 현장에 부설된 침목 다수에서 균열 발생 사례가 관찰되고 있다. 급속경화궤도 시스템의 주요 구성품 중 하나인 광폭침목은 이러한 문제가 발생되지 않도록 자갈궤도 및 콘크리트 궤도 상태에서 구조적인 안전성이 보장되어야하며 균열 저항성이 확보되어야 한다. 특히 포스트텐션 방식으로 제작되는 광폭침목은 반드시 레일 좌면부에 인장부 보강철근이 적용되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 급속경화궤도용 광폭침목의 보강철근 적용 유무에 따른 침목의 보유 휨 내력 및 균열저항 성능을 비교 및 평가하기 위하여, 정적 및 동적 휨강도 시험, 피로 시험을 실시하였다. 시험 결과 광폭침목 레일 좌면부에 주재료인 강봉 뿐만 아니라 소수의 보강철근을 적절하게 배치할 경우 균열발생 억제 및 균열폭 확대 지연, 휨 파괴 지연 효과를 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2020

Background: This study aimed to compare the pain levels during anesthesia and the efficacy of the QuickSleeper intraosseous (IO) injection system and conventional inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in impacted mandibular third molar surgery. Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial included 30 patients (16 women, 14 men) with bilateral symmetrical impacted mandibular third molars. Thirty subjects randomly received either the IO injection or conventional IANB at two successive appointments. A split-mouth design was used in which each patient underwent treatment of a tooth with one of the techniques and treatment of the homologous contralateral tooth with the other technique. The subjects received 1.8 mL of 2% articaine. Subjects' demographic data, pain levels during anesthesia induction, tooth extractions, and mouth opening on postoperative first, third, and seventh days were recorded. Pain assessment ratings were recorded using the 100-mm visual analog scale. The latency and duration of the anesthetic effect, complications, and operation duration were also analyzed in this study. The duration of anesthetic effect was considered using an electric pulp test and by probing the soft tissue with an explorer. Results: Thirty patients aged between 18 and 47 years (mean age, 25 years) were included in this study. The IO injection was significantly less painful with lesser soft tissue numbness and quicker onset of anesthesia and lingual mucosa anesthesia with single needle penetration than conventional IANB. Moreover, 19 out of 30 patients (63%) preferred transcortical anesthesia. Mouth opening on postoperative first day was significantly better with intraosseous injection than with conventional IANB (P = 0.013). Conclusion: The IO anesthetic system is a good alternative to IANB for extraction of the third molar with less pain during anesthesia induction and sufficient depth of anesthesia for the surgical procedure.