• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.181-188
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• 2019

A production system is a management system that supports all activities to perform production operations at the manufacturing site. From the point-of-view of a smart factory, smart manufacturing systems redesigned the concept of onsite production systems to fit the entire system and its necessary functional composition. In this study, we select the key functions needed to build a smart factory for a PCB line and propose a new six-step model for the deployment of a smart manufacturing system by integrating essential functions. The smart manufacturing system newly classified the production and operation tasks of PCB manufacturing and selected necessary functions through requirement analysis and benchmarking of advanced companies. The selected production operation tasks are mapped to the functions of the system and configured into seven modules, and the optimal deployment model is presented to allow flexible responses to the characteristics of the tasks. These methodologies are first presented in this study, and the proposed model was applied to the PCB line to confirm that they had significant changes in the work method, qualitative effects, and quantitative effects. Typically, lead time and WIP have reduced by about 50%.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.115-123
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• 1999

The two dimensional echocardiography is widely used to evaluate regional wall motion abnormality, because of its abilities to depict left ventricular wall motion. A number of researches have been processed for evaluation and quantitative analysis of left ventricular wall motion functions. In this paper, we proposed an algorithm which detects automatically and analyze quantitatively endocardial wall motion during systole. The echocardiograms were obtained in the short-axis views in normal subjects. Automated edge detection and endocardial contour tracking algorithm was applied to each frames, quantitative analysis based on segmentation was performed, pre-defined color overlays superimposed on the gray scale images, and the images was animated. The proposed algorithm provided automated, quantitative diagnosis of regional wall motion abnormality.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1367-1372
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• 2007

Over the past decade, many computational researches have been performed to investigate quantitative relationships between load-displacement and material properties. But piling-up which causes errors to estimate mechanical material properties remains the most significant unresolved issue in nano-indentation test. This study has estimated quantitative aspects of the effects of material properties, especially work hardening exponent, on piling up/sinking in response of various materials. Using FE Analysis, piling up/sinking in response when material is indented by sharp indenter is investigated to evaluate the effects of material properties. From the FE analysis result, quantitative relationships between piling up/sinking in height and material properties is assessed using dimensional analysis which is used to define scaling variables and universal functions. And nano-indentaion test is performed to verify this relation on various materials. From the result of comparison with prediction from dimensional function and experiment, the work hardening exponent was found to have greater influence on the piling up/sinking in height during the nano-indentation than other material properties, such as elastic modulus and yield stress.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.461-468
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• 2005

The major function of immune system is to protect infections. The immune systems are composed of innate and adaptive immunity. In adaptive immunity, the cellular and humoral components interact each other. Neonates and infants are infected frequently, because immune systems are naive and easy to expose to infectious agents. The complete history and physical examination is essential to evaluate the child with recurrent infections. The environmental risk factors of recurrent infections are day care center, cigarette smoke, and air pollution. The underlying diseases such as immunodeficiency, autoimmune diseases, allergy, and disorders of anatomy or physiology increase the susceptibility to infections. In immunodeficiency, infections are characterized by severe, chronic, recurrent, and unusual microbial agents infection. The defects of antibody production are susceptible to sinopulmonary bacterial infections. T cells defects are vulerable to numerous organisms such as virus, fungi, bacteria and etc. The screening tests for immune functions are the quantitative and qualitative measurements of each immune components. A complete blood count with white blood cell, differential, and platelet provide quantitative informations of immune components. Total complement and immunoglobulin levels represent the humoral component. Antibody levels of previously injected vaccines also provide informations of the antigen specific antibody immune responses. T cell and subsets count is quantitative measurement of cell mediated immunity. Delayed hypersensitivity skin test is a crude measurement of T cell function. The long term outcome of children with recurrent infections is completely dependent on the underlying diseases, the initial time of diagnosis and therapy, continued management, and genetic counscelling.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.17.1-17.11
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• 2022

Genetic associations have been quantified using a number of statistical measures. Entropy-based mutual information may be one of the more direct ways of estimating the association, in the sense that it does not depend on the parametrization. For this purpose, both the entropy and conditional entropy of the phenotype distribution should be obtained. Quantitative traits, however, do not usually allow an exact evaluation of entropy. The estimation of entropy needs a probability density function, which can be approximated by kernel density estimation. We have investigated the proper sequence of procedures for combining the kernel density estimation and entropy estimation with a probability density function in order to calculate mutual information. Genotypes and their interactions were constructed to set the conditions for conditional entropy. Extensive simulation data created using three types of generating functions were analyzed using two different kernels as well as two types of multifactor dimensionality reduction and another probability density approximation method called m-spacing. The statistical power in terms of correct detection rates was compared. Using kernels was found to be most useful when the trait distributions were more complex than simple normal or gamma distributions. A full-scale genomic dataset was explored to identify associations using the 2-h oral glucose tolerance test results and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase levels as phenotypes. Clearly distinguishable single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and interacting SNP pairs associated with these phenotypes were found and listed with empirical p-values.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.283-283
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• 2022

Abiotic stresses such as high/low temperature, drought, salinity, and submergence directly or indirectly influence the physiological status and molecular mechanisms of rice which badly affect yield. Especially, the low temperature causes harmful influences in the overall process of rice growth such as uneven germination and the establishment of seedlings, which has become one of the main limiting factors affecting rice production in the world. It is of great significance to find the candidate genes controlling low-temperature tolerance during seed germination and study their functions for breeding new rice cultivars with immense low-temperature tolerance during seed germination. In this study, 120 lines of Cheongcheong/Nagdong double haploid population were used for quantitative trait locus analysis of low-temperature germinability. The results showed significant difference in germination under low different temperature conditions. In total, 4 QTLs were detected on chromosome 3, 6, and 8. A total of 41 genes were identified from all the 4 QTLs, among them, 25 genes were selected by gene function annotation and further screened through quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Based on gene function annotation and level of expression under low-temperature, our study suggested OsGPq3 gene as a candidate gene controlling viviparous germination, ABA and GA signaling under low-temperature. This study will provide a theoretical basis for marker-assisted breeding.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.518-518
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• 2000

We have researched quantitative structure activity relationships between molecular structure of medicines and physiological activity. Since they are non-linear, neural networks are useful tool to research them. There are many ranks for the non-linearity; therefore, the neuron function must be selected carefully. As the results of some trial calculations, Ire find the sigmoid-linear functions pair. We call the neural network constructed of the pair as ANN. The inter- or extrapolation abilities of the ANN are excellent; therefere, ANN is a superior predictor for the relationships. We evaluated the anticarcinogenic medicines, Carboquinone derivatives, by the developed ANN and leave-one-out method.

• Architectural research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2001

This paper try to provide basic insight of the changing functions of urban parks for the future direction of the maintenance and management of the urban parks using the results of the case study done for the city of Osaka, Japan. To accomplish this purpose this study considers the behavior characteristics of the elderly within the parks in Osaka, Japan. Based on the findings of the study authors propose the chaining meaning of urban parks in the users perspective and summarize the results of the study. Study results show high values on the environmental factors of the park, such as the fresh air and the shadow of trees and low values on noise and stairways in it. The multidimensional quantitative III classifies the purposes of the elderly using the parks into 3 types: a multi-use type, a walking type and a sightseeing type.

• BMB Reports
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.141-148
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• 2014

Bone is an active tissue, in which bone formation by osteoblast is followed by bone resorption by osteoclasts, in a repeating cycle. Proteomics approaches may allow the detection of changes in cell signal transduction, and the regulatory mechanism of cell differentiation. LC-MS/MS-based quantitative methods can be used with labeling strategies, such as SILAC, iTRAQ, TMT and enzymatic labeling. When used in combination with specific protein enrichment strategies, quantitative proteomics methods can identify various signaling molecules and modulators, and their interacting proteins in bone metabolism, to elucidate biological functions for the newly identified proteins in the cellular context. In this article, we will briefly review recent major advances in the application of proteomics for bone biology, especially from the aspect of cellular signaling.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.67-68
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• 2020

Real-time information on the construction project required by the owner make the project's transparency and overall productivity will be improved. This study analyzes domestic and foreign patents for construction project management to identify trends in technology development, construct cloud-based construction project management system solution UI, and proposes functions and services for each module. Trend research is conducted through patent search, and the analysis is divided into quantitative analysis which means quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis which means the technical contents of each patent. The construction project management system solution is based on smart devices at small and medium-sized sites, allowing both the owner and the construction personnel to share information.