• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.24-29
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• 2000

This paper is experimental study of machining characteristics about martensitic heat resisting steel STR11. Machining characteristics are different according to internal quality(chemical compositions, microscopic structure and nonmetallic inclusion) mechanical properties(tensile strength value impact value and hardness) and dynamic cutting force. Following are the results : 1. In analyzing internal quality test materials have typical martensite structure and a minute needle-shaped structure. 2. Tensile strength and reduction of area and hardness are larger. But values of elongation and impact values are smaller. Fracture surface of tensile specimen is ductile. 3, Cutting force is decreasing with cutting speed increasing 4. Cutting force is increasing with feed speed increasing.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2022

현대인은 대부분의 시간을 실내에서 보내고 있기 때문에 실내 공기질에 대한 관심이 높아지는 추세이다. 실내 공기의 주요 오염원으로는 인간의 활동, 건축자재, 생활용품, 외부로부터 오염된 대기의 유입 등을 들 수 있다. 실내 공기질 관리법에서는 실내공기 오염물질로 미세먼지, 총 부유세균, 곰팡이, 이산화탄소 등 17종을 규정하고 있다. 현대인의 실내 환경은 세균과 곰팡이균의 생육환경이 흡사하기 때문에 일상생활에서 세균과 곰팡이에 항상 노출된다. 특히 많은 사람이 모이는 다중이용시설의 경우에는 세균감염의 위험이 더 크다고 할 수 있다. 한편 솔잎은 예전부터 항균효과가 뛰어난 것으로 알려져 있으며, 한약재, 식용 등 쓰임새가 다양하다. 그 외에 의약, 식품 및 염색제 관련 산업에서는 적극적으로 활용하고 있으며, 최근에는 건축자재로 이용하기 위한 시도도 이루어지고 있는 실정이다. 솔잎의 항균효과에 관한 연구는 상당히 많이 이루어지고 있으며, 다양한 항균 성분을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 솔잎 추출물의 항세균, 항곰팡이 효과를 확인하였으며, 이를 토대로 솔잎 추출물을 혼입한 시멘트 경화체를 제작해 솔잎 추출물의 혼입 비율별 세균과 곰팡이에 대한 항균 활성 효과를 연구하였다. 솔잎 추출물은 황색포도상구균과 대장균에 대해 항세균 효과를 나타났으며, 검정 곰팡이에 대해 생육환경을 저해하는 것이 나타났다. 솔잎 추출물을 혼입한 시멘트 경화체는 황색포도상구균과 대장균에 대해서 항균 활성 효과를 나타냈다. 그러나 검정 곰팡이에 대해서 항균 활성 효과를 나타내지 않았다. 결과적으로, 솔잎추출물을 혼입한 시멘트 경화체는 병원균 억제에는 효과적이지만 곰팡이에 대해서는 효과가 없는 것으로 판단되며, 솔잎추출물을 항균재료 사용하기 위해서는 곰팡이의 생육을 저해하는 요인에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1073-1077
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• 1997

In this paper, we have studied internal quality including chemical compositions, microscopic structure and nonmetalic inclusion of test materials. We have analyzed machining characteristics including tensile strength value, impact value, hardness value etcs. Test materials are usd martensitic heat resisting steel, STR11 and STS420J2. The obtined results are as follows : 1. In analyzing internal quality, STR11 and STR420J2 have typical martensite structure and a minute needle-shaped structure. 2. Tensile strength and reduction of area and hardness value are large STR11 than STS420J2. But elongation impact are smaller STR11 than STS420J2. 3. Fracture surface of tensile speciman is ductile in STR11 and STS420J2.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2017

Objectives : This study analyzed the current status of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of miniscalpel acupuncture for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) in China. Methods : A literature search was performed using the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database. All studies up to June 7th, 2017 were searched. The quality of included RCTs was assessed with the Jadad scale. Results : Five RCTs were finally included in this review. The overall quality of the RCTs was assessed as low. All articles evaluated miniscalpel acupuncture as monotherapy or in combination with filiform needle therapy, drug injection therapy, Tuina treatment, thermal coagulation therapy, or spinal decompression. Miniscalpel acupuncture as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy showed greater therapeutic effect and fewer adverse effects. Conclusion : Miniscalpel acupuncture is a safe and effective nonpharmacological treatment for LSS. However, high-quality studies with consistent treatment protocols are needed to confirm these findings.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.151-164
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review clinical studies about the efficacy of fire needling for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Methods and Results : In this review, Oasis, NDSL, CNKI, PubMed, Cochrane, J STAGE and CINII were used as the main databases for searching for medical journals, using the keywords "acne and fire needling"," acne and fire needle"," acne and fire acupuncture", and" acne and red hot needle". The initial search range included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and papers not matching inclusion criteria were excluded. Initially a total of 108 studies were found, with ten being excluded during title and abstract screening. After scanning 98 papers, a total of 31 RCTs were selected and analyzed. In the 31 RCTs, patients with acne were randomized into groups for treatment and control. Specifically, the treatment group received fire needling, while the control group were concurrently given other treatments. The results of the completed studies have shown that the treatment group receiving fire needling demonstrated significant improvement compared to the control group. Conclusion : During our study, it was verified that the efficacy of fire needling for the treatment of acne vulgaris was both significant and meaningful. Therefore, fire needling can be a safe and effective alternative treatment for acne. However, to confirm this result, further investigation in a traditional clinic is required, accompanied by high quality studies including randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trials.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.159-168
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• 2010

Objective: ZhangJinYoPian(藏珍要編, ZJYP) is a book witten by Song-WooGe in the late 19th century. While Korea has lost this book to tell us Korea traditional acupuncture treatment in the late 19th century, This book appeared as a manuscript in Japan. There is no reaserch or study carried out for this book. Furthermore, a few people know existence of this book. So I analyzed acupuncture treatment of the ZJYP and sort out the distinctive feature of it. Method: For that, I studied bibliographic information of this book and classified contents of it into three parts - medical thought, needle manipulation and acupoint selection to consider it's caracteristics. Results and Conclusions: 1. The author of ZJYP thought that weakness of good power in the body and strongness of evil power out of the body cause a disease. so Doctor should examine quality of both to care patient's pain. 2. The author of ZJYP thought that needle manipulation is one of the most important thing. Doctors can use needle manipulation to control patient condition. Especially, he suggested cooling and heating manipulation except reinforcement and reduction. 3. He stressed viscera and bowels. he located viscera and bowels theory in front of the book to explain relationship of these. It shows us that ZJYP maintained academic characteristics of acupuncture in Chosun-Korea. 4. While He minimized the number of acupoints used in treatment, he multiplied its combination. He selected one or two acupoints from each meridian pathway. It include Eight Confluent points(八脈交會穴). But these points were used in different ways to control the viscera and bowels, not to care the eight extra meridians.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.296-301
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• 2015

솔잎 분말의 첨가량을 달리하여 두부를 제조한 후 물리 화학적 및 관능적 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 솔잎 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 pH, 수분함량 및 색도(L*, b*)는 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다(P<0.05). 두부의 수율은 솔잎 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적인 차이 없이 감소하는 경향을 보였으며(P>0.05), 반면 경도는 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). 대조군의 총 세균수는 저장 기간 4일 이후 급격하게 증가하였으나 솔잎 분말이 첨가된 시료군의 총 세균수는 저장 기간 6일째까지 현저하게 낮게 유지되어 솔잎 두부에 함유된 성분의 항균성에 의해 세균의 증식이 억제된 것으로 판단된다. 항산화 지표인 총 페놀화합물 함량과 DPPH radical 소거능은 솔잎 분말의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으며(P<0.05), 두 지표사이에 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 소비자 기호도 평가 결과에 따르면 관능적 품질을 유지하는 동시에 솔잎 분말의 건강 기능성 효과를 활용하기 위한 최적의 첨가량은 0.2%가 가장 적절한 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.125-145
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• 2009

Objectives : To analyze the inclusion criteria of participants, control group interventions, and the results of prior studies of acupuncture for OA. Also to identify aspects of the procedure that are associated with positive outcomes in order to establish ideal acupuncture treatment model. And to assess the methodological quality of the trials with modified Jadad score and FEAS in order to evaluate the quality of prior studies and find out whether or not acupuncture has a positive effect in treating OA. Methods : Articles up to the date of November 2008 were searched via computerized databases of PubMed, Journal of Korean Oriental Medicine, The Journal of Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society and Journal of Oriental Rehabilitation Medicine. Bibliographies of reviewed papers were also searched and reviewed. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews concerning the effects of acupuncture or electroacupuncture (EA) on symptoms of osteoarthritis of the human knee, published in English and Korean were included. The acupuncture treatment methods of the reviewed trials were assessed based on STRICTA. And the methodological quality of the trials was assessed by modified Jadad score and FEAS. Results : Twenty one trials of acupuncture for OA were analyzed. Based on the results of this review the following factors might contribute to optimal results from acupuncture treatment. 1) Usage of $ST_{35}$, $GB_{34$, $EX_{32}$, $ST_{36}$ and $SP_9$ acupuncture points. 2) More than four acupuncture points should be used. 3) More than 15 minutes of needle retention time. 4) Needle length-40mm and diameter-0.30mm 5) Usage of EA 6) more than 10 times treatment 7) Treatment frequency of more than once a week, 8) Treatment duration longer than 6 to 8 weeks. Conclusions : High quality clinical trials of Acupuncture for OA is still in lack. Future investigators must concentrate their attentions on the quality of acupuncture treatment itself used in the trials as well as the methodological quality of trials.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.43-54
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• 1997

This investigation is carried out of inqurie into the effects of the accelerator on the setting time and haedness when it is used with plaster products. Plaster($\beta$), dental hard stone($\alpha$), and limproved dental hard stone($M{\alpha}$) are selected as the objects of the investigation, since they are most common materials for dental plaster products. Setting time is gauged by means of Vicket Needle and Gilmore Needle, and hardness is gauged by means of Brinell and Vicket Hardness machines. Samples of each material are made in the standerd water powder ratio and with the accelerator repectively, Every material is tested five times each. The results of the tests are as fallow : 1) In each case the setting time is shortened when the accelerator is used. 2) Of the three materials the hardness of the plaster was lowest A($\beta$) < B($\alpha$) < C($M{\alpha}$)} 3) In each case the hardness of the samples made in the standard water powder ratio were higher than that of the sample made with the accelerator. A1 > A2 ; B1>B2 ; C1>C2 4) Final Conclusion : Higher quality cast is expected when it is made in the standard water powder ratio.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2019

Background: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between heat transmission and intervention factors for warm acupuncture (such as features of acupuncture material and moxa, the treatment method, and clinical symptoms). Methods: Korean, English, Chinese and Japanese databases were analysed. Experimental studies that explored the association between thermal stimulation delivery and warm acupuncture intervention factors were included. The peak temperature, time to reach the peak temperature, and time of the effective stimulus, were set as the major parameters and analysed. Results: A total of 12 studies were included. Two studies were associated with the acupuncture needle material, 4 studies associated with the moxa mass, 1 study associated with the moxa density, 2 studies associated with the location of ignition, and 1 study associated with treatment environment were reviewed. The reporting quality of the 12 studies was low. Conclusion: This study provided limited information because of the heterogeneity of materials and parameters depending on each experiment. Further studies should clarify the correlation between heat transmission and intervention factors for warm acupuncture.