• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.175-185
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical effect of Moxa-Pellet treatment for nasal symptoms and quality of life(QOL) in patients with allergic rhinitis. Methods: Subjects were voluntarily recruited through newspaper and internet advertisement. In this randomized, single blind and controlled study, experimental group (n=19) received real Moxa-Pellet treatment and control group(n=20) received sham Moxa-Pellet treatment for 3 weeks. Acupuncture points used were $LI_4$, $ST_{36}$, $LU_7$, $GV_{14}$ and $GB_{20}$. Patient's nasal symptoms and QOL were assessed before and after 3 weeks treatment by the Nasal Symptom Scores(NSS) and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-36). Results : The results were as follows; 1. Among items of NSS, Sneezing' Rhinorrhea' Itching scores and Total Nasal Symptom Scores(TNSS) were significantly improved in experimental group after 3 weeks Moxa- Pellet treatment(p<0.05). In control group, there was no significant difference in all items except Headache item of NSS. 2. Among 8 domains of SF- 36, experimental group showed significant difference in Role-Emotional(RE), Mental Health(MH) and Bodily Pain(Bp) after 3 weeks Moxa- Pellet treatment(p<0.05). Control group showed no significant difference in all domains except one domain(Role limitation-physical). Conclusions: These results suggest that Moxa-Pellet treatment can be applicable to improve nasal symptoms and QOL in the patients with allergic rhinitis. Further long tenn studies on the Moxa-Pellets treatment's sustaining power and safety is needed.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.123-142
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• 2010

Objectives : The knee pain is the main reason of getting acupuncture treatment. In order to have confidence in the results of a study, it is necessary to establish that questionnaire is both valid and reliable in questionnaire related study. The aim of this study was to review the instruments that are currently in sue for assessing the knee joint. Methods : A literature study was performed to choose appropriate scales for assessment for pain and the function of the knee. Theoretically based scales were selected for review. Therefore, 18 scales for knee and 9 scale for pain were reviewed. the status of scales involved in knee treatment of acupuncture throughout several countries was evaluated. Results & Conclusion : Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, Cincinnati knee rating system(CKRS) are adequate for ligament injury in knee. International Knee Documentation Committee scoring system(IKDC) may become a publication requirement for journals in view of the international standing of the committee. The available outcome measure for use in osteoarthritis are Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC), Lequesne Functional Severity Index(LFI) and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score(KOOS), and in rheumatoid arthritis are McMaster-Toronto Arthritis patient function preference questionnaire(MACTAR), Quality of Life-Rheumatoid Arthritis Scale(QoL-RA Scale). Visual analog scale(VAS), verbal rating scale(VRS) are commonly used for the standard pain scale. For long term follow-up study The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36(SF-36), Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales(AIMS), Health Assessment Questionnaire(HAQ) should be included. Each measurement has its own composition and characteristics. Their validity, reliability, responsiveness and practical characteristics were already evaluated. We found 20 domestic and 28 overseas papers about knee treatment using acupuncture assessed with knee scales.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.240-260
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• 2006

Purpose : The objective of this study is to serve guidelines for the investigation and management of uterine myomas with KM therapies. Methods : English-language articles from PubMed and Korean-language articles from the database of the journal of oriental gynecology were reviewed from 2000 to 2005, using the key words 'uterine myoma', 'uterine leiomyoma', 'fibroid', 'uterine artery embolization', 'endometrial ablation', 'myomectomy', and jagungguenjong(子宮筋腫)'. Results and Limits : The areas of clinical practices considered in formulating this guideline are assessment, KM therapies, medical treatments, myolysis, selective artery occlusion, endometrial ablation and surgical therapies including myomectomy and hysterectomy. Implementation of this guideline would optimize the decision-making process of women with uterine myomas and further investigation or therapy of their KM doctors. But we don't have abundant evidences of clinical trials of uterine myoma treated with KM therapy, though we treat or manage that with every-day clinical practices. Moreover cultural gaps between Korea and other western countries make many differences in the attitude to surgical therapies, especially hysterectomy. So it is very difficult to compare W therapies with other therapies. Moreover it is much difficult to estimate cost-effectiveness and benefit of those therapies in QOL. Conclusions : The majority of uterine myoma is asymptomatic and will not require any intervention or further investigation. But unmarried women who wish to marry and get pregnant want to find safe therapy for their asymptomatic uterine myomas. In that case, most of the patients prefer non-surgical therapy to surgical therapy. So KM herbal medicinal therapy is a good alternative method for those patients. For the symptomatic myomas, hysterectomy offers a definitive solution. However, it is not the best solution for women who wish to preserve their uterus. So KM therapy is a good alternative for them. But the predicted benefits of alternative therapies including KM therapy must be carefully weighed against the Possible risks of these therapies. To improve the quality of life of both women with asymptomatic and symptomatic myomas, selecting and treating patients should be done carefully. Moreover, the effect of KM therapy has to evaluated, comparing the possible situation without treatment and the benefit of constant treatment as a health-care system.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.544-555
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• 2002

단위용적기법(Single-Voxel Technique) 및 다용적기법(Multi-Voxel Technique)으로 얻어진 수소원자핵 자기공명분광(Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy : 1H-MRS) 데이터를 고가의 특정 workstation이 아닌 일반 PC에서 처리${\cdot}$분석 할 수 있는 GUI(Graphical User Interface) 기반의 분광분석용 소프트웨어(S/W)를 개발하고 MRS 임상 데이터로 기초적인 시험을 하였다. 단위용적기법의 MRS 경우에는 시간 영역의 측정신호와 주파수 영역의 분광정보를 한 화면에 동시에 표시할 수 있게 하였고 필요에 따라 위상보정, 필터링(filtering), 퓨리에변환 등으로 후처리 한 후 생체 대사물질(metabolite) 별 MRS 피크 면적 비를 계산하여 정성분석을 하였다. 다용적기법의 MRS에서는 측정된 신호의 재배열 및 3차원 FFT로 분광영상(spectroscopic image)을 재구성하고 이를 T1-강조 또는 T2-강조 영상 위에 중첩시켜 해부학적 정보와 함께 표시할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 생체에서 대사물질에 해당하는 분광정보의 각 피크의 분포도(metabolite image)를 만들고 해부학적 영상과 중첩시켰다. 병원에 설치되어있는 MR 장치에서 정상인과 뇌에 이상이 있는 환자를 대상으로 얻은 MR 분광 데이터를 처리·분석한 결과 사용자의 편의성이 높을 뿐만 아니라 신뢰성이 우수하여 임상적 활용도가 높을 것으로 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2010

Objectives and methods : The Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) were published in five journals in 2001 and 2002. These guidelines, in the form of a checklist and explanations for use by authors and journal editors, were designed to improve reporting of acupuncture trials, particularly the interventions, thereby facilitating their interpretation and replication. Subsequent reviews of the application and impact of STRICTA have highlighted the value of STRICTA as well as scope for improvements and revision. To manage the revision process a collaboration between the STRICTA Group, the CONSORT Group, and the Chinese Cochrane Centre was developed in 2008. An expert panel with 47 participants was convened that provided electronic feedback on a revised draft of the checklist. At a subsequent face-to-face meeting in Freiburg, a group of 21 participants further revised the STRICTA checklist and planned dissemination. Results : The new STRICTA checklist, which is an official extension of CONSORT, includes six items and 17 sub-items. These set out reporting guidelines for the acupuncture rationale, the details of needling, the treatment regimen, other components of treatment, the practitioner background, and the control or comparator interventions. In addition, and as part of this revision process, the explanations for each item have been elaborated, and examples of good reporting for each item are provided. In addition, the word "controlled" in STRICTA is replaced by "clinical", to indicate that STRICTA is applicable to a broad range of clinical evaluation designs, including uncontrolled outcome studies and case reports. Conclusions : It is intended that the revised STRICTA, in conjunction with both the main CONSORT Statement and extension for nonpharmacologic treatment, will raise the quality of reporting of clinical trials of acupuncture.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.167-177
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• 1997

Oocyte donation program developed to reach the pregnancy in those patients suffering from premature ovarian failure or surgery induced menopause, particularly in their reproductive age. With technical advances and popularity of ART (assisted reproductive technology), the indication of oocyte donation program extended to low responders, and even to naturally menopaused patients that has led them quite successfully to getting in pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate which one is involved in the decline of fertility between the oocyte and uterine factor. One hundred five cycles of oocyte donation program were performed in 84 patients from Jan., 1993 to Dec., 1996. Oocytes were donated from healthy, young, fertile anonymous donors or relatives or infertile patients with supernumerary oocytes. The study population was divided into 3 groups according to the age of recipients. Group 1 was less than 35 years old, Group 2 was between 35 to 39 years old, and Group 3 was more than 39 years old. The results were as follows: The mean age of oocyte donor was $31.5{\pm}3.3$ (range; 25-36). The mean concentration of basal serum FSH and peak serum estradiol were not different among groups. The mean number of oocytes retrieved from donors, embryos transferred to recipients, and fertilization rate were not different among groups. The clinical pregnancy rate was 37.3% in Group 1, 31.6% in Group 2, and 31.6% in Group 3, respectively. The spontaneous abortion rate was 16.0% in Group 1, 16.7% in Group 2, and 16.7 in Group 3, respectively. The multiple pregnancy rate was 20.0% in Group 1, 16.7% in Group 2, 16,7% in Group 3, respectively, The implantation rate was 11.3% in Group 1, 10.3% in Group 2 and 10.0% in Group 3, respectively. All of the pregnancy outcomes were not different statistically among groups. In conclusion, endometrial receptivity does not seem to be impaired as age increases with transfer of good quality embryos and adequate endometrial preparation.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.263-278
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to research trends in the study of breast cancer in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and to establish the further direction for its study. Methods: We reviewed TCM papers published in the last 29 years (1979-2008). Results: 1. We researched 49 papers and the patterns of study were as follows: in vitro studies were 27 papers (55.1%), in vivo studies were 9 papers (18.4%) and clinical studies were 19 papers (38.8%). 2. In vitro studies on breast cancer research in TCM were focused on cytotoxicity (17 papers) and apoptosis (8 papers). Most of in vivo studies (6 papers) were done for the purpose of inducing growth suppression of tumor cell after administration of the test drug. Each drug acted on this effect through various types of mechanism. 3. Unlike in vitro and in vivo studies, clinical studies on growth suppression of tumor cell were rare (4 papers). Most of the studies were focused on reduction of side effect of chemotherapy or synergistic effect with chemotherapy (7 papers), immune regulation (7 papers), and improvement of quality of life (6 papers). 4. Among the treatment method we reviewed, 'Runing Ⅱ(Ⅱ號方)' was the only medication that further studied as clinical trial after experimental study. 5. Since almost all studies have defects like poorly designed model or insufficient data description, it was difficult to make any definite conclusion about these studies. Conclusion: More subsequent clinical studies based on experimental study will be needed afterwards. Strict and high-level study design with detailed description will be needed in further study.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.153-166
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• 2007

The job of dental hygienists is specialized, and they have to be capable of performing their primary duties including prevention of oral diseases, oral prophylaxis, and oral health education. To ensure their successful job performance, dentists should have an accurate understanding of their duties and need a change of mind-set about them. And there should be written legal and concrete regulations on the coverage of their work in order to let them boost their job performance with pride and a sense of responsibility. The purpose of this study was to examine the actual roles and job performance of dental hygienists in clinical field in an attempt to discuss the substantial job performance of dental hygienists and their job enlargement. It's basically meant to help enhance the efficiency and quality of medical services. The subjects in this study were 471 dental hygienists in dental clinics, dental hospitals, university hospitals and general hospitals across the nation, on whom a survey was conducted in person from March 2 to 25, 2005. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS Win 12.0 program, and the findings of the study were as follows: 1. The major jobs they currently performed included oral health education, hospital management, simple duties, extensive dental hygiene duties and joint treatment assistance. They hoped to continue to be responsible for oral health education, preventive treatment and extensive dental hygiene duties. 2. As for their current job by age, extensive dental hygiene duties, preventive treatment, joint treatment assistance, preserving treatment, prosthetic treatment and pediatric treatment were most conducted by the dental hygienists who were at the age of 26 to less than 31, and those who were at the age of 31 and up were most responsible for hospital management and simple duties. 3. As to job awareness by workplace, their workload was statistically significantly different according to their workplace. The hospital employees took care of more work than those in clinics. 4. Concerning job awareness by age, the younger dental hygienists suffered more role conflicts and were given a less free hand in work handling, the middle-aged group's job was uncertain. Legal regulations about the coverage of their work should be prepared in detail as a measure to stir up their responsible job performance and pride. In order to take advantage of experienced dental hygienists, their duties should be more differentiated and specialized, and their working conditions should be improved to boost their job satisfaction. That is, they should be given ample chances for promotion and serving as a middle manager and be given fair treatment according to their career. If their work is accurately darified and specialized based on career, it will boost the efficiency of dental treatment. Dental hygienists also should direct sustained efforts into self-development in order to become a skilled and professional oral health personnel.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.320-328
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• 2003

Nurse educators' competence is considered to be important in relation to the quality of education for nursing students. The purpose of this study was to identify the nursing faculty competence and attitude for lecture evalutaion, evlauated by nursing faculty. This article presented results focusing on South Korean nursing faculty's attutude for lecture evalutaion done by students and their opinion of the importance of nurse educator competence domains. The data collection was done from October, 2002 to August, 2003 and 151 subjects were used for the analysis. The Ideal Nursing Teacher Questionnaire was used to assess nurse faculty competence. The results showed that all of the lecture were evaluated and 59.6% of clinical practice was evaluated by nursing studuents. Nursing faculty thought that lecture evaluation by students was resonable, even though it was stressful. The most important among 5 domains of nurse educators' competence assessed by nursing faculty was nursing competence. Moreover nursing faculty responed that teaching skills domain and evaluation skills domain were more important than relationship with students domain and personality factors domain. Compared to young nursing faculty, nursing faculty who was old aged reported that nurse educators' competences in 4 domains of nursing competence, teaching skills, evaluation skills and relationship with students were more important.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2012

본 연구는 안전보건 관리에 있어 관심이 미약하였던 대학 실험실에서의 유해화학물질 발생 수준과 그로 인한 위험성을 알아보기 위하여 2010년 5월 26일부터 6일간 서울시에 소재한 K대학을 대상으로 학과별 실내 오염인자를 측정, 분석하였다. 그 결과 MSDS 비치 여부와 노출저감시설 설치 유무, 보호구 지급 현황은 기초과학실험실인 화학과, 물리학과, 의학과 등에서의 관리가 비교적 양호하였으며, 치의학과, 미술학과에서는 유해화학물질 관리를 위한 활동이 미흡한 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 실험실 내의 폼알데하이드와 총휘발성유기화합물 농도는 미술학과가 다른 실험실에 비하여 현저히 높게 검출되었고 유사학과별로 집단화 한 그룹의 폼알데하이드 농도는 미술학과, 생활과학과가 포함된 기타학과에서 높게 나타나 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 전반적으로 화학물질 노출로 인한 건강영향에 대한 인식이 저조하고 그에 대한 관리가 미흡한 학과의 실험실에서 높은 수준의 위험성에 노출되고 있는 것으로 판단되었다.