• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.944-950
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to provide a basis for the management of traditional Doenjang by analyzing characteristics of volatile compounds in local Doenjang certified as a traditional food. The main compounds in Doenjang were acids, esters, aldehydes, and pyrazines, whereas relatively high intensities of acetic acid, ethyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, ethyl acetate, ethyl 2-methyl butanoate, 2,5-dimethyl pyrazine, and tetramethylpyrazine were detected among identified compounds. The analysis revealed that the composition of basic volatile compounds in Doenjang was similar, but isovaleric acid, 2-methylbenzaldehyde, tetramethylpyrazine, benzaldehyde, ethyl alcohol, ethyl caprylate, furfural and butanoic acid can serve as marker compounds for quality evaluation since they were specifically abundant in only some kinds of Doenjang. As a result, the quality status of Doenjang certified as a traditional food was determined by constructing a database of the volatile compounds, which can be suggested as a quality control method.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.157-177
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• 2014

The importance of selection methods of secondary school teachers have gathered attention due to their enormous influence on the pre-service education programs. However, scholars and practitioners are skeptical about the effectiveness of the measures, especially under the condition of teacher oversupply found in South Korea and China. Based on this problem statement, this study seeks to compare the secondary teacher employment methods of the two countries to better understand the situations as well as to draw implications for improvement. We reach the following conclusions through comparative analyses. First, the reforms of the teacher employment system in both countries have been triggered by the quantitative supply concerns not by the qualitative concerns. Second, both countries require teaching license as a precondition of employment, while their quality assurance measures for the license reveal critical limitations. Third, both countries have attempted to improve selection methods; nevertheless, oversupply of prospective teachers makes objectivity and fairness more important than the appropriateness. Based on the conclusions, policy implications focusing on the quality-oriented approach are suggested in order to employ effective secondary teachers who can contribute to the quality improvement of school education.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.15D no.3
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• pp.321-326
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• 2008

The software defects that are not found in the course of a project frequently appear during the conduct of the maintenance procedure after the complete development of the software. As the frequency of surfacing of defects during the maintenance procedure increases, the cost likewise increases, and the quality and customer reliability decreases. The defect rate will go down only if cause analysis and process improvement are constantly performed. This study embodies the defect tracking system (DTS) by considering the Pareto principle: that most defects are repetitions of defects that have previously occurred. Based on the records of previously occurring defects found during the conduct of a maintenance procedure, DTS tracks the causes of the software defects and provides the developer, operator, and maintenance engineer with the basic data for the improvement of the software concerned so that the defect will no longer be manifested or repeated. The basic function of DTS is to analyze the defect type, provide the measurement index for it, and aggregate the program defect type. Doing these will pave the way for the full correction of all the defects of a software as it will enable the defect correction team to check the measured defect type. When DTS was applied in the software configuration management system of the W company, around 65% of all its software defects were corrected.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.35-39
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• 1998

We analyzed image factors to determine the characteristic factors that need for intelligent replenishment system of the auto film processor. We processed the serial 300 sheets of radiographic films of chest phantom without replenishment of developing and fixation replenisher. We took the digital data by using film digitizer which scaned the films and automatically summed up the pixel values of the films. We analyzed characteristic curves, average gradients and relative speeds of individual film using densitometer and step densitometry. We also evaluated the pH of developer, fixer, and washer fluid with digital pH meter. Fixer residual rate and washing effect were measured by densitometer using the reagent methods. There was no significant reduction of the digital density numbers of the serial films without replenishment of developer and fixer. The average gradients were gradually decreased by 0.02 and relative speeds were also gradually decreased by 6.96% relative to initial standard step-densitometric measurement. The pHs of developer and fixer were reflected the inactivation of each fluid. The fixer residual rates and washing effects after processing each 25 sheets of films were in the normal range. We suggest that the digital data are not reliable due to limitation of the hardware and software of the film digitizer. We conclude that average gradient and relative speed which mean the film's contrast and sensitivity respectively are reliable factors for determining the need for the replenishment of the auto film processor. We need more study of simpler equations and programming for more intelligent replenishment system of the auto film processor.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2003

High dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy for treating a cervix carcinoma has become popular, because it eliminates many of the problems associated with conventional brachytherapy. In order to improve the clinical effectiveness with HDR brachytherapy, a dose calculation algorithm, optimization procedures, and image registrations need to be verified by comparing the dose distributions from a planning computer and those from a phantom. In this study, the phantom was fabricated in order to verify the absolute doses and the relative dose distributions. The measured doses from the phantom were then compared with the treatment planning system for the dose verification. The phantom needs to be designed such that the dose distributions can be quantitatively evaluated by utilizing the dosimeters with a high spatial resolution. Therefore, the small size of the thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) chips with a dimension of <1/8"and film dosimetry with a spatial resolution of <1mm used to measure the radiation dosages in the phantom. The phantom called a pelvic phantom was made from water and the tissue-equivalent acrylic plates. In order to firmly hold the HDR applicators in the water phantom, the applicators were inserted into the grooves of the applicator holder. The dose distributions around the applicators, such as Point A and B, were measured by placing a series of TLD chips (TLD-to-TLD distance: 5mm) in the three TLD holders, and placing three verification films in the orthogonal planes. This study used a Nucletron Plato treatment planning system and a Microselectron Ir-192 source unit. The results showed good agreement between the treatment plan and measurement. The comparisons of the absolute dose showed agreement within $\pm$4.0 % of the dose at point A and B, and the bladder and rectum point. In addition, the relative dose distributions by film dosimetry and those calculated by the planning computer show good agreement. This pelvic phantom could be a useful to verify the dose calculation algorithm and the accuracy of the image localization algorithm in the high dose rate (HDR) planning computer. The dose verification with film dosimetry and TLD as quality assurance (QA) tools are currently being undertaken in the Catholic University, Seoul, Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2017

A high degree of precision and accuracy in Gamma Knife Radiosurgery(GKRS) is a fundamental requirement for therapeutical success. Elaborate radiation delivery and dose gradients with the steep fall-off of radiation are clinically applied thus necessitating a dedicated Quality Assurance(QA) program in order to guarantee dosimetric and geometric accuracy and reduce all the risk factors that can occur in GKRS. In this study, as a part of QA we verified the accuracy of single-shot dose profiles used in the algorithm of Gamma Knife Perfexion(PFX) treatment planning system employing Variable Ellipsoid Modeling Technique(VEMT). We evaluated the dose distributions of single-shots in a spherical ABC phantom with diameter 160 mm on Gamma Knife PFX. The single-shots were directed to the center of ABC phantom. Collimating configurations of 4, 8, and 16 mm sizes along x, y, and z axes were studied. Gamma Knife PFX treatment planning system being used in GKRS is called Leksell GammaPlan(LGP) ver 10.1.1. From the verification like this, the accuracy of GKRS will be doubled. Then the clinical application must be finally performed based on precision and accuracy of GKRS. Specifically the width at the 50% isodose level, that is, Full-Width-of-Half-Maximum(FWHM) was verified under such conditions that a patient's head is simulated as a sphere with diameter 160mm. All the data about dose profiles along x, y, and z axes predicted through VEMT were excellently consistent with dose profiles from LGP within specifications(${\leq}1mm$ at 50% isodose level) except for a little difference of FWHM and PENUMBRA(isodose level: 20%~80%) along z axis for 4 mm and 8mm collimating configurations. The maximum discrepancy of FWHM was less than 2.3% at all collimating configurations. The maximum discrepancy of PENUMBRA was given for the 8 mm collimator along z axis. The difference of FWHM and PENUMBRA in the dose distributions obtained with VEMT and LGP is too small to give the clinical significance in GKRS. The results of this study are considered as a reference for medical physicists involved in GKRS in the whole world. Therefore we can work to confirm the validity of dose distributions for all collimating configurations determined through the regular preventative maintenance program using the independent verification method VEMT for the results of LGP and clinically assure the perfect treatment for patients of GKRS. Thus the use of VEMT is expected that it will be a part of QA that can verify and operate the system safely.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.159-167
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• 2017

A precast concrete deck system is considered an effective alternative in terms of its rapid construction and quality assurance than cast-in-place concrete deck. In precast concrete deck system, structural performance and serviceability are mostly determined by the connection methods between the precast decks. This research proposes more improved precast deck system with asymmetric ribbed connection details improving the disadvantage of previous precast deck system such as difficulties in assembling precast decks. And in this precast deck system, a separate form is not required at the site because partition wall of the precast decks serves as a form when placing non-shrinkage mortar in the connection part of the precast decks. Therefore, rapid construction is possible. Flexural performance is verified through load tests considering main parameter such as rib length in the precast deck connection. From the test results, it can be inferred that the development of the rebar and prevention of adhesion failure in the partition wall of the precast deck system are important factors in securing the flexural performance. Although the structural performance of the precast deck system with asymmetric connection details is gradually reduced as the rib length in the precast deck connection increases, the proposed precast deck system shows sufficient flexural performance and can be applied to the connection part of precast decks effectively.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.6 s.109
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• pp.839-846
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• 2006

Context-aware adaptive service for overcoming the limitations of wireless devices and maintaining adequate service levels in changing environments is becoming an important issue. However, most existing studies concentrate on an adaptation module on the client, proxy, or server. These existing studies thus suffer from the problem of having the workload concentrated on a single system when the number of users increases md, and as a result, increases the response time to a user's request. Therefore, in this paper the adaptation module is dispersed and arranged over the client, proxy, and server. The module monitors the contort of the system and creates a proposition as to the dispersed adaptation system in which the most adequate system for conducting operations. Through this method faster adaptation work will be made possible even when the numbers of users increase, and more stable system operation is made possible as the workload is divided. In order to evaluate the proposed system, a prototype is constructed and dispersed operations are tested using multimedia based learning content, simulating server overload and compared the response times and system stability with the existing server based adaptation method. The effectiveness of the system is confirmed through this results.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.6D
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• pp.859-869
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• 2008

These days, almost every industry's production line has become automatic and this phenomenon brought a lot of benefits such as increase in productivity and economical effect, assurance in industrial safety, better quality and compatibility. However, unlike industrial production line, in construction industry, automation has number of barriers like uncertainty incidents and intellectual judgment to make ability to make solution out of it. Therefore construction industry is still demanding use of construction machine through labor. Due to this matter operational labor in construction industry is aging and fading. To solve these problem, in developed nations like Europe, US or Japan are keep researching for the automation in construction and road pavement, strengthening and some other simple operations have been worked through automation but in civil engineering site, automation research is still low despite of its importance in constructional site. For automating civil engineering operation, effective operational plan have to be set by analyzing ground information acquainted. If skillful worker apply heuristics, trial & error can be reduced with increased safety and the effective work plan can be established. Hence, this research will introduce Intellectual Task Planning System for Intelligent Excavating System's effective work plan and heuristics applied in each steps.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.105-124
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to provide the data base for the activation of Quality Improvement operation through investigating the status of Quality Improvement operation, and finding out factors influencing on the goal-orientation of QI performers in the medical centers of more than one hundred beds where are practicing Quality Improvement operation. In order to reach the purpose, document study was carried out grounded on the proceeding researches and formulated statistical data in relation with the status of Quality Improvement performers, and proof study was carried out through questionnaire survey. The subjects of the survey were the Quality Improvement performers working in seventy three medical centers in Pusan-Gyeongnam, Daegu-Gyeongbuk, and Ulsan. Among eighty three Quality Improvement performers, fifty, five were questionnaire surveyed, on the result of which Reliability Analysis, Factor Analysis, and Multiple Regression Analysis were made, using statistical program. The the results of the proof analysis on this research are as follows. First, in the factors influencing the devoting to goal pursuit of QI performers, organization-goal contribution(0.44) had significant positive effects, while organization conflict(-0.25) had significant negative effects. In other words, the higher the organization-goal contribution was, the higher the devoting to goal pursuit was, while the less the organization conflict was, the higher the devoting to goal pursuit was, which was statistically significant.(p<0.05). Second, in the aspect of goal performance types of QI performers, the process-centered type showed high level of the devoting to goal pursuit, which was statistically significant.(p<0.05). Third, in the aspect of QI performance degree, the higher the devoting to goal pursuit was, the higher the QI performance degree was, which was statistically significant.(p<0.05). In addition, the performers who perceived their workplaces organic structure showed much higher QI performance degree, which statistically significant.(p<0.05). Generalizing the results of this research, it is possible to offer a few suggestions as follows. First, as the competition among the medical centers is more severe recently owing to medical center evaluation system, medical centers are practicing various Quality Improvement operation in all of medical services such as clinical performance and management performance, to reach the purpose of both cost-cutting and medical quality improvement. Thus in order to practice Quality Improvement operation more efficiently in medical centers, it is essential to nuke use of problem-solving methods and statistical members. This as the willingness of chief executives and positive attitude and recognition of organization members. This requires the installation of divisions in charge and disposition of persons in charge, not to speak of persistent training of Quality Improvement. Second, the divisions in charge of QI carry out Quality Improvement operation at the medical center level, and take the role of generalizing and adjusting QI performances of various departments. Owing to this role, the division in charge of QI is considered indispensable organization in the QI operation of medical centers along with medical QI committee, while it contributes to the government's goal of reducing quality level gaps among medical centers. Therefore it is necessary for government and QI organizations to give institutional support and resources for the sake of QI operation of medical centers, besides to supply systematic trainning and informations to the divisions and persons in charge of QI. Third, it is certain that disposition of persons in charge should be determined in view of the scale and the scope of QI operation in medical centers.