• 치위생과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.377-382
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• 2015

본 연구는 노인 64명을 대상으로 Qraycam을 이용한 이미지로 치면세균막 지수를 측정하여 착색 검사와의 신뢰도를 평가하고자 하였으며, 수집된 자료를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 측정 방법, 측정 부위, 지수유형별에 따른 치면세균막 지수의 각 측정값 사이에 높은 일치도가 나타났다. 측정 방법에 따른 전치부 순면의 Quigley-Hein index와 PCR의 평균은 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 측정 부위에 따른 Quigley-Hein index와 PCR의 평균은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.001). Qraycam 검사와 착색 검사의 지수유형별 kappa계수를 확인한 결과 kappa값의 평균은 Quigley-Hein index 0.90, PCR 0.84로 전체적으로 높은 일치도를 보였다. Qraycam과 착색 검사의 전치부 순면 및 전체 치아를 Quigley-Hein index와 PCR로 측정하였을 때, 변수 간 ICC는 1에 가까운 결과를 보였다. 본 연구 결과 측정방법, 측정 부위, 지수유형별에 따른 치면세균막 지수의 일치도 평가에서 모든 측정값의 일치도가 높게 나타났다. 따라서 Qraycam은 치면세균막 검사 시 screening 도구로서 충분한 신뢰도가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2017

본 연구는 $Qraycam^{TM}$을 활용한 구강보건교육 피드백의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 중학교 2학년 총 118명을 대상으로 4주간 실험을 진행한 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. $Qraycam^{TM}$을 활용한 치면세균막 검사에서는 이미지로 피드백을 받은 실험군의 ${\Delta}R30$, ${\Delta}R70$, ${\Delta}R120$값 모두 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.001). SPS는 실험군과 대조군 모두 중재 후에 감소하였으나 실험군에서만 통계적으로 유의한 결과가 나타났다(p<0.001). 구강보건행태에서는 칫솔질 시간이 중재 후 실험군이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 높은 결과가 나왔다(p<0.001). 주관적 구강건강상태에서는 주관적 구강건강의 중요성이 대조군에 비하여 실험군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 $Qraycam^{TM}$이미지로 피드백을 받은 실험군에서 치면세균막 감소효과가 컸으며, 칫솔질 시간, 주관적 구강건강의 중요성이 높게 나타났으므로 $Qraycam^{TM}$을 구강보건교육에 시각적인 피드백 도구로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 보여진다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.333-340
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 Qraycam을 이용한 구강환경검사, 구강보건태도 및 구강건강관리 행동점수의 전 후비교를 통하여 구강보건교육의 효과를 분석하고자 하였으며, 단일집단 사전 사후 연구설계로 진행되었다. 2018년 9월부터 12월 중순까지 실험 중재를 위한 실습대상자 33명과 구강보건교육 선호도 조사를 위한 학생 33명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 자료의 분석은 IBM SPSS 24.0 Ver을 이용하였고, 통계적 검정을 위한 유의수준은 0.05로 하였다. 그 결과, Qraycam을 사용한 중재 전 후의 구강환경 검사인 O' Leary index와 구취농도는 유의하게 감소하였다(p<.001). 중재 전 후에 따른 구강보건태도 점수와 구강건강관리 행동점수는 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<.001). 학생들의 구강보건교육 선호도 중 "구강보건교육에서 유용하다"와 "치태를 인지하고 결정하는 능력이 좋다"는 항목에서 Qraycam을 사용하는 경우 만족도는 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<.001). 결론적으로, 치과임상현장에서 Qraycam 사용을 통한 구강보건교육은 치과위생사들의 구강보건교육 효과를 증진시키기 위한 방법이 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of in vitro study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy to detect non-cavitated enamel caries on smooth surface by using four kinds of the QLF devices. Materials and Methods: A total of 52 human permanent premolars and molars were used. Fluorescence images were captured by the QLF devices (Inspektor Pro, QLF-D, Qraycam, and Qraypen). Fluorescence loss of the QLF was calculated. The severity of lesions was categorized into the following 3 scores using polarized light microscopy: normal (S), enamel demineralization to outer half of enamel (D1), and inner half of the enamel up to the dentin-enamel junction (D2). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the fluorescence loss among the QLF devices. Spearman rank correlation coefficient between histological scores and fluorescence loss of the devices was calculated. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) were calculated to compare their diagnostic accuracies. Results: The correlation coefficients between histological scores and the fluorescence loss of the devices showed 0.77 to 0.81 (P < 0.001). All histological scores, the fluorescence loss among the devices showed no statistical difference. Among the devices, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values of the fluorescence loss showed 0.84 to 0.94, 0.76 to 0.90, and 0.90 to 0.92, respectively. Conclusions: All QLF devices had no difference with excellent diagnostic accuracies to detect non-cavitated enamel caries on smooth surface.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2023

Background: In our study, a silver diamine fluoride (SDF) compound for the treatment of dental caries was synthesized to characterize its remineralization activity upon direct application to deciduous teeth. This study aimed to use microscopic computed tomography (microCT) and nanoindentation to evaluate whether SDF composite application could effectively arrest dental caries in five exfoliated primary molars. Methods: Carious teeth were extracted and visually examined using quantitative photofluorescence devices (Qraycam and QraypenTM). After performing microCT, the SDF composite was applied to the teeth according to the manufacturer's instructions. The researchers exchanged and precipitated the irritant saliva once daily for 1 week. The teeth were sectioned longitudinally through the centers of the mesial and distal surfaces, embedded, polished, and measured using nanoindentation. Thereafter, microCT was repeated. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism software. Results: Following SDF composite application, a remineralized layer was observed on microCT images, and the hardness increased when measured using nanoindentation. We found that demineralized enamel presented with an increased number of irregular crystals in the deep carious lesion group compared with those in the shallow carious lesion group, resulting in a rougher surface. Conclusion: The SDF composite may be used for remineralization of early caries and cessation of advanced caries in primary molars.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to confirm the validity of the $Cariview^{TM}$, test in adults by assessing correlations between $Cariview^{TM}$, scores and caries experience using a quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) technique. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 111 patients aged 19-64 years who visited a dental clinic in Seoul from 2015 to 2016, and underwent the $Cariview^{TM}$, test and had their teeth photographed with the Qraycam. Plaque was scraped with sterilized cotton swabs, and then placed in a culture medium and incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ for 48 h. Finally, the degree of color change was evaluated, and scored on a 0-100 point scale. Caries experience index included not only cavitated lesions but also early caries that were detected on white and fluorescence images. Participants were divided into low, moderate and high caries risk groups according to the $Cariview^{TM}$, score, and caries experience was compared between risk groups using ANCOVA. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to analyze the associations between $Cariview^{TM}$, scores and caries indices. Result: The mean age of the participants was 40 years, and the mean $Cariview^{TM}$, score was $53.6{\pm}20.7$. The WDMFT and the DMFT indices significantly increased with caries risk, and this increase was significantly different between the low- and high-risk groups. The $Cariview^{TM}$, test scores were significantly correlated with the WDMFT (r = 0.28, P = 0.003) and DMFT (r = 0.29, P = 0.002) indices. Conclusion: The $Cariview^{TM}$, test could be a clinically useful and simple method for assessing caries risk in adults.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제57권10호
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• pp.560-568
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• 2019

Purpose: This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of curcuma, ginger, and finger root extracts in water-soluble powder on planktonic Streptococcus mutans(S.mutans), which is known to cause dental caries, in order to confirm whether these extracts could perform as photosensitizers for the effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Methods: This study used the strain of streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 distributed by the Korean Collection for Type Cultures of the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology. Commercial edible curcuma, ginger and finger root were used as the natural extracts for the use of photosensitizer. To extract organic solvent, 3 g of each powder was mixed in $30m{\ell}$ of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, VWR, Germany) before extraction. $1.8m{\ell}$ of the photosensitizer solution, manufactured in the concentrations of 5, 0.5, and $0.05mg/m{\ell}$, was mixed with $0.2m{\ell}$ of the S. mutans culture medium that had been cultured for 2 days. To induce the photodynamic reaction, Qraycam (AIOBIO, Seoul, Korea) equipped with 405 nm LED was used to expose light for 5 minutes to irradiate 59 nW energy for 300 seconds. Results: Compared with the case with no light, a higher photodynamic therapeutic effect was confirmed with $0.05mg/m{\ell}$ curcuma powder extract, the concentration of $0.5mg/m{\ell}$ and LED light of 405 nm wavelength (p=0.000, p=0.003). $0.05mg/m{\ell}$ of curcuma powder extract and the concentration of $0.5mg/m{\ell}$ showed 100% antibacterial effect when exposed to light, whereas the concentration of $5mg/m{\ell}$ showed 11.95% antibacterial effect. When exposed to light, $0.05mg/m{\ell}$ of ginger powder extract showed an antibacterial effect which didn't statistically decrease. The concentrations of $0.5mg/m{\ell}$ and $5mg/m{\ell}$ did not show any antibacterial effects. As a result of examining any photodynamic therapeutic effects of finger root powder extract on S. mutans, no statistically significant effect was found. Conclusion: The curcuma powder extract is expected to perform as a photosensitizer. Even though belonging to the same ginger family, ginger powder and finger root powder seem difficult to perform as photosensitizer.