• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2005

본 연구는 Z.-M.학파의 식물사회학적 연구방법에 의해 충북 지역의 박달산, 계명산, 보련산, 월악산, 천등산, 조령산, 국망산, 부용산, 시루봉 일대의 산지대 하부 참나무류 삼림을 분류하고 그 환경조건을 해석할 목적으로 실시하였다. 이 일대의 참나무류 삼림식생은 A. 굴참나무군락(Quercus variabilis community) A-1. 졸참나무-상수리나무하위단위(Quercus serrata-Quercus acutissima group), A-2. 신갈나무하위단위(Quercus mongolica group), B. 신갈나무-철쭉군락(Quercus mongolica-Rhododendron schlippenbachii community), C. 떡갈나무-홀아비꽃대군락(Quercus dentata-Chloranthus japonicus community)으로 구분되었다. 이들 식생단위는 인위 및 해발과 각은 환경복합의 경도에 의해 배비되었으며, 종의 우점도에 근거한 집괴분석(군평균법)의 결과와도 비교적 잘 일치하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2011

This study was designed to provide basic data applicable to fire investigation through consideration of combustion products and propose vulnerability of combustibles through analysis of $CO_2$ emission. In order to achieve these research objectives, characteristics of combustion products such as smoke release rate of each part(raw leaves, branches and barks), $CO_2$ emission and ash production were considered targeting on 6 oak species(Quercus variabilis Blume, Quercus aliena Blume, Quercus serrata, Quercus mongolica Fisch, Quercus dentata Sapling and Quercus acutissima) using cone calorimeter and smoke density tester. As a result, it was found that raw leaves release smoke more relatively than branches and barks, when they burn, and that Quercus variabilis Blume has the highest smoke density. Also, Quercus acutissima released CO and $CO_2$ which are respectively, 6.67 times and 1.43 times more than Quercus variabilis Blume with low $CO_2$ emission. In addition, branches released CO and $CO_2$ more relatively. There was a big difference in ash production among raw leaves(3.1 g), branches(10.5 g) and barks(16.43 g). It was identified that Quercus serrata produces ashes which are nearly 9.95 times more than Quercus variabilis Blume. It demonstrates that Quercus serrata contains relatively higher minerals and that Quercus variabilis Blume can leave lots of traces like stain and carbonization, as it releases smoke a lot and it's difficult to predict visibility, when a forest fire breaks out in its community area. It is also considered that smoke particles containing oil in the air leave strain on the surface of a tree, and that CO and $CO_2$ emission increases, when crown fire to burn branches breaks out.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.463-468
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• 2004

병원성 식중독 미생물에 대한 참나무류 6종의 부위 별 항균력을 검색한 결과, 참나무류 부위별 에탄올 추출물의 항균력은 그람양성 세균과 음성 세균에 대해 높은 항균 활성을 나타내었으며, 그람음성균인 E. coli 0157:H7이나 S. typhimurium보다 그람양성균인 B. cereus, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus균에 대하여 더 강한 항균력을 나타내었다. 반면에, 효모와 곰팡이에 대해서는 항균력을 나타내지 않았다. 수종별 항균 활성은 갈참, 떡갈 신갈나무 에탄올 추출물이 졸참, 상수리, 굴참나무 에탄올 추출물보다 더 강하였으며, 부위별로는 잎이 가장 높은 항균활성을 나타내었고 수피와 목질부는 유사한 항균력을 나타내었다. 6종의 부위별 참나무수종 중에서 갈참나무 잎 에탄올 추출물이 가장 강한 항균력을 나타내었으며, B. cereus ATCC 9634와 L. monocytogenes ATCC 19111에서는 500 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL에서, E. coli O157:H7는 1 mg/mL의 농도에서 생육저해효과를 나타내었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제89권3호
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• pp.310-322
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• 2000

수령 200년 이상 노령의 금강송 유적임분이 발달하고 있는 울진군 서면 소광리와 강원도 응봉산(1,267m), 경북 청옥산(1,276m), 울진, 검마산(1,017m)의 금강송림을 중심으로, 총 230개의 식생자료를 수집하여 식생구조의 정성적 분석 즉 식물사회학적 방법으로 해석하였던 바, 금강송 임분은 산앵도나무군락, 꼬리진달래군락, 떡갈나무군락, 당단풍군락, 전형군락의 5개 군락으로 분류되었으며, 떡갈나무군락은 김의털군, 아까시나무군, 전형군의 3개 군으로, 당단풍군락은 산수국군, 애기나리군, 함박꽃나무군, 서어나무군, 전형군의 5개 군으로, 전형군락은 꽃며느리밥풀군과 전형군의 2개 군으로 각각 세분되었으며, 또한 일부 군은 7개의 소군으로 세분되어, 금강송림은 총 16개의 식생단위로 구분되었다. 이들 식생단위중 5개 조사지역에서 공통으로 출현하고 있는 산앵도나무군락과 소광리와 청옥산에서 출현하고 있는 꼬리진달래군락은 금강송 분포범위와 조림구역 결정 등의 지표로 사용할 수 있는 군락으로 판단되었다. 식물사회학적 분석에 의해 분류된 식생단위를 일치법으로 검정한 결과, 해발과의 관계에서는 떡갈나무군락이 해발이 가장 낮은 100m 이하에 분포하고 있으며, 산앵도나무군락, 꼬리진달래군락, 당단풍군락, 전형군락은 해발 350m 이상에 주로 분포하고 있었다. 또한 지형과의 관계에서는 산앵도나무군락과 꼬리진달래군락이 사면중부이상에서 산정상부까지 분포하고 있으며, 떡갈나무군락은 사면하부에서 사면상부까지, 당단풍군락은 대부분 사면하부와 계곡부, 전형군락은 사면하부 이상에 분포하고 있었다. 조사지역과의 관계에서는 떡갈나무군락이 울진조사구에서 출현하고 있었고, 나머지 군락들은 소광리, 응봉산, 청옥산, 검마산 조사구에서 고르게 분포하고 있었다. 방위와의 관계에서 모든 군락이 전방위에 출현하고 있으나 북사면보다는 남쪽사면에 더 많이 출현하는 경향이었다. 이와 같은 결과는 금강송 유적임분이 북쪽사면보다는 남쪽사면에 더 많이 잔존하고 있기 때문으로 판단되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.273-303
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• 1991

A phytosociological study of forest vegetation was carried out in mt. komdan in the period from October 7,1985 to October 15 1989. The forst vegetation could be classified into 7 communities ; quercus monbolica,pinus densiflora, quercus dentata, pinus koraiensis, larix leptoletsis, pinus rigida,castanea creaneta. The principal forest community in mt. komdan-the quercus mongulica community- was distributed mainly at the altitude of 400~600m and the importance value was 187.1. The pinus desiflora community was 137.9. since pinus koraiensis, larix laptolepsis,pinus rigida, castanea creanata, etc. werw planted in this region, It seems that it was frequently disturbed by human interference,especilly, the destruction of the vegetation in the recreation ground of paldang, the regions around the village of hasangok-ri and the main routes for mountain climbing appeared severely.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.179-190
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• 1985

A review of taxonomic treatments of the amentiferous plant taxa reveals diverse classification. It appears to be necessary to investigate new characteristics and attempt to determine the significance of these characteristics in terms of amentiferous systematics. Serological techniques have been empolyed in a systematic investigation of selected taxa of the Amentiferae: Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Juglandaceae, Myricaceae, and Salicaceae. Data by qualitative analysis of pollen proteins, double immunodiffusion and conventional immunoelectrophoresis, have proved to be valuable in delimitation of taxa tested. When the antisera against Alnus hirsuta, Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Quercus aliena, Q. dentata, Q. glauca were tested; Alnus and Betula have the greatest protein similarity to one another; and next to the rest of betulaceous genera. Relatively strong protein similarity obtained with most representatives of Quercus and Fagus when reacted with antisera against Alnus and Betula is very much in contrast to the weak protein similarity obtained for the genera of Juglandaceae, Myricaceae, particularly of Salicaceae Tested with the same antisera. When Quercus antisera were used for various genera, the weakest protein similarity was obtained with Populus.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1992

TWINSPAN(two-way indicator species analysis), DCCA(detrended canonical correspondence analysis) and polar ordination method wee used so as to analyze the the relation between forest vegetation and hibitat of mudungsan(1, 187m) located in kwangju area. Vegetationsurvey consulted 1:25, 000 topographical map, set up 41 quadrats and analyzed from April, 1990 to August, 1991. Forest vegetation of mudungsan was classifild to quercus acutissima community, fraxinus mandshurica community, quercus mongolica community, quercus serrata community, quercus dentata community, quercus variabilis community, and pinus densiflora community by TWINSPANmethod, and this almost coincide with the result of plar ordination. according to DCCA analysis, P. densiflora community was formed in xeric and low altitude region which soil nutrient was poor, compared with other communities. q. variabilis and q. acutissima community wee distributed in the region that low altitude and organic matter content was comparatively low, but q. acutissima community was formed in a damp region while q. variabilis community in a xeric region. q. mongolica and f. mandshurica formed the communities in a high altitude region, especially f. mandshurica cmmunity was distributed in a high humidity region. According to polar ordination analysis, the forest vegetation was classified to 7 communities by means of environmental gradient such as humidity, organic matter, ph, temperature, c.e.c and P2O5.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.209-218
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• 1989

In order to elucidate the relationship among the several forest types in the green-sbelt nearby Seoul, the vascular plant species data collected preferentially from 52 stands were subjected to DCA (detrended correspondence analysis). Eight types of forests were arranged on the I/II plane fo DCA stand ordination, Quercus mongolica, Alnus hirsuta, Populus alba $\times$ glandulosa, Robinia pseudo-acacia, Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Larix leptolepis and pinus rigida forest. Correlation analysis between the stand scores of DCA and environmental factors revealed that the axis I of DCA stand ordination implied the gradient of altitude, organic matter, total nitrogen and depth of A horizon. The axis II implied the gradient of total nitrogen and soluble phosphorus. The results of PCA (principal components analysis) by environmental data were in good agreement with that of DCA by floristic data. The recruitments of Quercus spp. Occurred in all kinds of forest types in the green-belt and their recruitments were closely related with altitutde: Quercus dentata in the foot. Quercus serrata in the midslope and Quercus mongolica in the uperslope of the mountain.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제71권1호
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• pp.50-54
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• 1985

경사면(傾斜面)에 생육(生育)하는 굴참나무, 물참나무, 갈참나무, 떡갈나무 천연림(天然林)의 입목경사도(立木傾斜度)에 미치는 여러 인자(因子)의 영향을 측정(測定) 분석(分析)하였다. 입목경사도(立木傾斜度)에 영향을 미치고 있는 인자(因子)는 수종간(樹種間)의 차(差), 입목경사도(立木傾斜度), 방위(方位)였으며, 입목밀도(立木密度)와 수고(樹高)는 입목경사도(立木傾斜度)와는 상관(相關)이 없었다. 인자(因子) 중 수종간(樹種間)의 차(差)가 입목경사도(立木傾斜度)에 가장 크게 영향을 미쳤으며 다음이 사면경사도(斜面傾斜度)였다. 특히 수종(樹種) 중에서는 물참나무가 모든 사면경사도(斜面傾斜度)에서 가장 기울어지는 양상을 나타내었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.540-543
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• 2007

We have investigated the vegetation in the peninsula located in Ongjeong-Li Seomyeon in Youngweol-gun. Since this is a limestone area, boxtrees, Abelia mosanensis T. H. Chung ex Nakai, and Selaginella stauntoniana Spring were abundant, as these are types of vegetation characteristic of limestone areas. Pinus densiflora S. et Z. was the most dominant woody plant, but vegetational changes, such as the dominance of Quercus variabilis Blume, Quercus dentata Thunb, and Quercus mongolica Fischer, were observed in spots. In particular, the growth of nursery plants of pinus densiflora S. et Z. was not observed, and young trees like Quercus mongolica Fischer grow as low vegetation of Pinus densiflora S. et Z.. Thus, the ecological succession of Quercus mongolica Fischer is predicted. Outside the investigation area, as herbaceous plants, various vegetations were observed, including Selaginella stauntoniana Spring, Thalictrum coreanum H. Lev., Mukdenia rossii(Oliv.) Koidz., Platanthera freynii Kraenzl., Cephalanthera longibracteata Blume, Potentilla dickinsii Franch., Patrinia rupestris(Pall.) Juss., Swertia pseudochinensis H. Hara, Vicia venosa(Willd.) Maxim., Pyrola japonica Klenze ex Alef., Disporum smilacinum A. Gray, Artemisia stolonifera(Maxim.) Kom. for. Stolonifera, Smilax nipponica Miq., Adenophora triphylla var. japonica(Regel) H. Hara, Isodon inflexus(Thunb.) Kudo, Gentiana scabra Bunge for. Scabra, Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum(Miq.) Ohwi, Dioscorea quinqueloba Thunb., Syneilesis palmata(Thunb.) Maxim., Asparagus schoberioides Kunth, Eupatorium japonicum Thunb. ex Murray, Galium kinuta Nakai & Hara, Saxifraga fortunei var. incisolobata, Lilium amabile Palib., Siberian iris, Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz., Atractylodes ovata(Thunb.) DC., and Lysimachia clethroides Duby.