• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 1987

The forest vegetation of Mt. Chil-gab was studied from 1983 to 1984. By Z-M method, the actual vegetation was classified into 8 communities and 1 plantation; Quercus variabilis, Q. variabilis-Styrax obassia, Q variabilis-Q. dentata, Q. varisbilid-Q. mongolica, Q. acutissima-Q. variabilis, Zelkova serrata-Styrax japonica, Capinus laxiflora, Pinus densiflora community and Larix leptolepts plantation (on the mountain foot) community. The plant communities of Q. variabilis and S. japonica as edaphic climax, in terms of the isopleth line of warmth index. Based on the data of vegetation survey and environmental analysis, the actual vegetation map and potential natural vegetation map were perpared with scale of 1/25, 000.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.121-125
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• 2023

In this study, we examined the ectomycorrhiza (ECM) formed by a species of the genus Tuber, T. koreanum, with two indigenous Korean oak species, Quercus acutissima and Q. dentata. T. koreanum showed a high colonization rate for both oak species, with a higher mean colonization rate observed for Q. acutissima. The mycorrhizal characteristics of T. koreanum were described, revealing distinct morphological and anatomical differences between the ECM formed with the two host plants. This study is significant because it is the first to elucidate ECM formations of T. koreanum in indigenous oak trees. However, further studies are required to differentiate the ECM associations formed by T. koreanum from those of other Tuber species.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.333-341
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• 2005

The Wonhyo tunnel section of the Gyeongbu line for KTX, which will be driven through the Cheonseongsan, has the opposing opinions between conservation and development. To investigate the vegetation structure of the Cheonseongsan area, sixty five plots(unit: $100m^2$) were set up and surveyed. The analysis results of the actual vegetation map was showing that the conifer-deciduous and deciduous community is $53\%$, And DGN 8 was $86.88\%$ in the analysis of Degree of Green Naturality. Five representative communities which are conifer-deciduous, de-ciduous, Pinus densiflora -Quercus dentata, P. densiflora-Q. acutissima and Q. dentata community, were investigated on a species composition.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.241-249
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• 1994

Leaf diffusive resistance (LDR), stomatal density, length of guard cell and hair density of leaves of 6 oak species were determined under withdrawal of water, and their strategies of drought stress were analyzed by principal component analysis. LDR of Quercus acutissima, Q. aliena and Q. serrata increased earlier than those of the other species at high leaf water potential $({\Psi}_{leaf})$ or low water saturation deficit (WSD), which was an avoidance mechanism reducing damage by water stress. Q. variabilis with low stomatal density, small stomatal size and high hair density had avoidance mechanisms increasing LDR at high $({\Psi}_{leaf})$ However, Q. mongolica and Q. dentata increased LDR at low $({\Psi}_{leaf})$ as xeric species do. Results from principal component analysis on the 15 variables related to strategies of drought stress indicated that the 6 oak species were divided into 2 groups: (1) Q. acutissima, Q. aliena and Q. serrata as mesic habitat species and (2) Q. variabilis, Q. mongolica and Q. dentata as xeric habitat species. Among three xeric species Q. acutissima differed from the other two species in the drought strategies such as high hair density, low stornatal density, high leaf area ratio, stomatal closing at low $({\Psi}_{leaf})$ and small cell wall elasticity. The results could reasonably explain their drought strategies in natural habitat.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.356-395
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• 2008

The flora and vegatation of the Southwest Chuncheon area were investigated from March, 2006 to September, 2007. The vascular plants were summarized as 914 taxa; 111 families, 448 genera, 766 species, 2 subspecies, 119 varieties, and 27 forma. Among the investigated 914 taxa, 33 Korean endemic, four endangered, and 26 rare plants were included. Based on the list of the species of specially designated plants by the Ministry of Environment, 152 taxa were recorded in the investigated area. The naturalized plants were 46 taxa, and life form spectra was H-R5-D1-e type. 914 taxa listed consists of 308 taxa(33.7%) of edible plants, 276 taxa(30.2%) of medicinal plants, 148 taxa(16.2%) of pasture plants, 127 taxa(13.9%) of ornamental plants, 36 taxa(3.9%) of timber plants, 25 taxa(2.7%) of fiber plants and 4 taxa(0.4%) of industrial plants. The vegetation of Southwest Chuncheon area were classified five communities as Betula costata-Acer mono, Quercus mongolica, Quercus mongolica-Quercus variabilis, Quercus mongolica-Quercus dentata, and Pinus densiflora.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.118-131
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• 2018

The forest vegetation of Juwangsan National Park, which is famous for its towering scenic valleys, was syntaxonomically described. The study adopted the $Z{\ddot{u}}rich$-Montpellier School's method emphasizing a matching between species composition and habitat conditions. A combined cover degree and the r-NCD (relative net contribution degree) were used to determine a performance of 265 plant species listed-up in a total of 52 phytosociological $relev{\acute{e}}s$. Nine plant communities were classified through a series of table manipulations, and their distribution and actual homotoneity($H_{act}$) were analyzed. Syntaxa described were Carex gifuensis-Quercus mongolica community, Athyrium yokoscense-Quercus mongolica communiy, Arisaema amurense-Quercus serrata community, Lespedeza maximowiczii var. tomentella-Quercus variabilis community, Tilia rufa-Quercus dentata community, Carex ciliatomarginata-Carpinus laxiflora community, Aristolochia manshuriensis-Zelkova serrata community, Onoclea orientalis-Fraxinus mandshurica community, and Carex humilis var. nana-Pinus densiflora community. A zonal distribution was reviewed and the altitude of about 700 m was the transition zone between the cool-temperate central montane zone (Lindero-Quercenion mongolicae region) and southern submontane zone (Callicarpo-Quercenion serratae region). Only 19 taxa were associated with r-NCD 10% or more, most of which were tree species occurring in the Lindero-Quercenion and some of which was a member of open forests. Species composition of forest vegetation was much less homogeneous, showing the lowest $H_{act}$. Nearly natural forests and/or secondary forests in the Juwangsan National Park were defined as a regional vegetation type, which reflects much stronger continental climate in the Daegu regional bioclimatic subdistrict, rhyolitic tuff predominant, and wildfire interference.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.154-158
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• 2005

The results were as follows; 3 additives(rice bran, wheat bran and soybean bran) to the Quercus dentata sawdust were applied at 10, 20 and 30%. High yield was recorded at 20% of rice bran and wheat bran and 30% of soybean bran. Among various sawdust media, the cultivation with the Quercus dentata sawdust alone showed the most favored growth index, such as 22 days of full mycelial growth, 11 days of pinheading from spawning and 23.5g per $1,200m{\ell}$ bottle. In the size of bottles, the lowest infection ratio was 5 % at $1,200m{\ell}$ bottle. In the growth characteristics with the bottle size, Reishi at $1,600m{\ell}$ bottle showed best result when it is observed for 13~15 days in pinheading from spawing, 36~37 days in fruit bodies growing and 26.7~29.3g yield per bottle. The highest yield per area was 6.4kg at horizontal bed with 218 bottles per $3.3m^2$. The Reishi produced in $1,600m{\ell}$ bottle with horizontal cultivation had less number of fruit bodies and best yield, thus it is determined to be the most economic method.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.135-144
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• 2010

This study intended to investigate environmental factors including soil and vegetation in order to understand the environmental and ecological characteristics of four different habitats of Abelia tyaihyoni. These habitats, according to investigations, are mostly located at elevations of 203 m to 297 m with angles of inclination ranging from 9 degrees to 17 degrees. The litter depth of habitats is 2 cm to 5 cm. A total of 113 vascular plant taxa are identified in seven quadrates of the four habitats. The life form of 113 species is H-$D_4$-$R_5$-e type. The importance value of Abelia tyaihyoni is 39.61%, and 4 highly ranked species such as Quercus dentata (6.27%), Spiraea blumei, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora (4.04%) and Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (3.84%) are considered to be an affinity with Abelia tyaihyoni in their habitats. The dominant species of woody plants in the four habitats are represented as Pinus densiflora (21.22%) and Quercus dentata (16.82%) in the subtree layer (T2), and Carex humilis var. nana (18.95%) and Carex lanceolata (17.63%) in the herbaceous layer (H). The degree of their average species diversity is 1.42, and that of dominance and evenness are 0.07 and 0.86, respectively. The type of soil is sandy loam, clay loam and loam, and the average field capacity of soil is 22.49%. Their average organic matter is 9.39%, soil pH 6.75, and available phosphorus is $1.23 {\mu}g/g$.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.69 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 1985

Forest soils mixed with organic matters (green needle, flesh needle litter and needle litter in F layer of Pinus koraiensis, and green leaf of Quercus dentata and Q. variabilis) were incubated under a constant $30^{\circ}C({\pm}1)$ for 53 days to measure the changes of inorganic nitrogen and $CO_2$ evolution rate. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1) In the early incubation period the amounts of total inorganic nitrogen in soils by mixture of organic matters decreased rapidly because of immobilization by microbial uptake, and thereafter their amounts increased with further incubation. 2) The rate of immobilization of organic nitrogen in mixed organic matters was the highest in green needle among green needle, flesh needle litter and needle litter in F layer of P. koraiensis, but lower than that of green leaf of Q. variabilis and Q. dentata. 3) The rates of $CO_2$ evolution from soils mixed with organic matters increased sharply in the early time, and then decreased slowly with increasing time. The order of the $CO_2$ evolution rate was green leaf of Q. variabilis > green leaf of Q. dentata > green needle of P. koraiensis > flesh needle litter of P. koraiensis > needle litter of P. koraiensis in F layer from the largest to the least. 4) Nitrate nitrogen concentrations showed a tendency to increase throughout incubation time, so that their concentrations after 53 days were higher than that of ammonium nitrogen.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 1997

The importance value and volume growth percentage, based on the data obtained from 33 quadrats by $relev{\acute{e}}$ method of Mueller-Dombois and Ellenberg, were applied to investigate Pinus thunbergii forests in Taean Haean National Park. The investigation was done from July till September 1996. 1. The dominant species of tree were found in the order of Pinus thunbergii, Quercus dentata, Robinia pseudcacacia, Platycarya strobilacea, Carpinus coreana, Albizzia julibrissin, Pinus densi-thunbergii, and Quercus serrata 2. The volume growth percentage of Pinus thunbergii was about 0.6%~10.5% and the mean of it's was 3.8%. 3. Chemical properties of forest soil showed ranging pH 4.8~6.3, organic matter 1.51~11.79%, $P_2O_5$ 2.5~14.5ppm, $Ca^{{+}{+}}$ 1.3~6.6(me/100g), $Mg^{{+}{+}}$ 0.4~2.6(me/100g), and $K^+$ 0.23~1.89(me/100g).