• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.57-67
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was done to analyze subjectivity of smoking among adult smokers. Method: Q-methodology which provides a scientific method on subjectivity, was used. Result: Five types of smoking among adult smoker were identified Type I, Concerning Significant Others; Type II, Pursuing Psychological Comfort; Type III, Habitual Craving; Type IV, Pursuing Social Relations and Type V, Maintaining Self Control. Stage of change and methods of stress relieving were revealed to be factors influencing the smoking modes among the adult smokers. Conclusion: The five types of smoking and factors influencing them as revealed in this study provide a better understanding of smokers. Smoking styles and subjective values about smoking provide insight for nursing interventions for smoking.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.423-433
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the facets of gender role identity as reported by several disciplines undergraduate female college students, and to confirm the characteristics and differences according to the types. Methods: A Q sort methodology was utilized to gather responses to gender role identity. Forty subjects' responses were analyzed by QUANL PC program. Results: The subject responses were classified into four gender role patterns: 1) paternity-sensitive type, 2) conviction-sensitive type, 3) sensibility-inhibitive type and 4) sensibility-expressive type. Conclusion: The findings add to the understanding of women college students and their perception of their gender role identify. Further studies need to be done to understand how the four patterns relate to success or satisfaction for female college students.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2003

An autonomous tractor requires not only automatic steering (automatic guidance) but also automated control of tractor functions and implement operations. Examples of tractor functions include engine throttle, transmission speed, and 3-point hitch position. Implement operations include tillage, planting, and cultivating. This article provides an overview of a map-based methodology used for the implementation of autonomous field operations of agricultural tractors. The procedure for developing autonomous field operation maps were presented, and several important issues in the implementation of map-based autonomous operations were discussed. These issues included combining field operation maps, position offset, and real-time sensing and update of field operation maps.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.126-132
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• 2012

This paper deals with a centralized warehouse problem with multi-item and capacity constraint. The objective of this paper is to decide the number and location of centralized warehouses and determineorder quantity (Q), reorder point (r) of each centralized warehouse to minimize holding, setup, penalty, and transportation costs. Each centralized warehouse uses continuous review inventory policy and its budget is limited. A SA (Simulated Annealing) approach is developed and its performance is tested by using some computational experiments.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.101-110
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• 1999

QFD is a market driven design and development methodology for products and services to meet or exceed customer's needs and expectations, This method enables to specify clearly the customer's needs and then evaluate the product capability in terms of its impact on meeting those needs. Process of satisfying customers begins with effectively soliciting their different needs and wants which may be non-technical and imprecise in nature. Although the HoQ is a comprehensive tool for showing the relationships between attributes, it lacks the flexibility to deal with the inherent inexactness and vagueness in the voice of customer. In this paper, fuzzy theory is introduced to overcome this limitation. Qualitative customer requirements are interpreted quantitative data through fuzzy inference procedure, and then target value is determined.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.385-418
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• 2010

This study aimed to find the way to help participants build capacity in rural development projects, through some case studies and Q-methodology. Decentralization and diffusion of bottom-up approach in rural development projects are the main contextual factors in this study. With the ethos of bottom-up approach in rural development, the human and financial inputs for capacity building increased drastically in the area of rural development policy. Four types of capacity building methods were identified in this study; training, consulting, learning organization, and forum. Theses methods were used more at planning step than implementation step in rural development projects. The government's effort to strengthen leadership in rural areas should be continued. The existing government's training program for capacity building had better include more diverse clients. Actions for capacity building should be centered on the needs of the participants in fields. Especially, organizing learning units is very important. Governments' rural development policy should establish the proper process which can help local actors plan their projects with enough time span.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.12
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• pp.2208-2212
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• 2008

This paper deals with the cost reduction design of a single-phase line-start permanent magnet(LSPM) motor. Due to high cost of the permanent magnet(PM), cost reduction can be effectively achieved by reducing PM volume. Therefore, motor characteristics according to the PM volume are calculated by using d-q axis equivalent circuit analysis, and the characteristic map is made. In the characteristic map, maximum torque and efficiency are shown according to motor parameters such as back electromotive force(back emf) and inductances; back emf represents the PM volume. Minimum back emf and inductances satisfying output performance are determined in the characteristic map. Then, motor geometry based on the prototype motor is optimized to get the determined parameters using response surface methodology(RSM) and finite element method(FEM). Through the presented cost reduction design, total PM volume is reduced to 32% of prototype model.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.429-434
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• 1998

The previously developed control design methodology, EALQR(Eigenstructure Assignment/LQR), has better performance than that of conventional LQR or eigen-structure assignment. But it has a constraint for the weigting matrix in LQR, that is the weighting matrix could be indefinite for high-order systems. In this paper, the effects of the indefinite weighting matrix in EALQR on the Sequency domain properties are analyzed. The robustness criterion and quantitative frequency domain properties are also presented. Finally, the frequency do-main properties of EALQR has been analyzed by applying to a flight control system design example.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.923-928
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• 2009

The performance analysis and robust control of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor(IPMSM) greatly depend on accurate value of its parameters. To achieve the high performance of torque control, it is necessary to consider exact inductance values because the inductances are nonlinear parameters of operating the IPMSM. Therefore many different methods have been performed for analysis of the methodology for the exact measurement of synchronous inductances. None of them is considered standard, and accuracy levels of all these methods are also not consistent. Among these experimental methods, the DC current decay test and the vector current control test are ideal for a laboratory environment. In this paper, these two test methods are compared by applying inductances to the IPMSM. The paper analyzes the measured inductances of the two methods and their differences with inductances obtained from the finite element method(FEM).

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1993.07a
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• pp.171-173
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• 1993

This paper deals with a methodology of the dynamic voltage stability analysis. The several physical power system constraints e.q upper and lower lomit of SVC and OLTC are considered. The proposed equivalent load model is the combination induction motor and impedance load. The variation of System voltages and equivalent induction motor slips for actual power systems are simulated and plotted in this paper.