• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.408-417
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• 2008

Rock mass classification methods such as RMR and Q system have different characteristics each other in parameters considered and applications, and so it is very important to prescribe the relationship between parameters for the analysis of correlativity of these methods. With the Held data of RMR and Q estimation in road construction sites, the acquaintance relations between RMR and Q of rock mass classifications are analyzed. The correlation equations between parameters of RMR and Q, matrix of correlation coefficients and the generalized form of acquaintance relation matrix are derived. This acquaintance relation matrix can be further extended to the form of generalized acquaintance relation network, and could be used to analyze the correlativity and to enhance the utility of common rock mass classification methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.930-932
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• 2015

This study is the basic research about the patent information analysis to predict the technology trend based on the IPC(International Patent Classification) code. We investigated the patents in the field of Business Method(G06Q) since 2011. Consequently the most frequently IPC code in G06Q are as follows. G06Q 50/10(1,652), G06Q 30/02(816), G06Q 50/30(735), G06Q 40/02(713), G06Q 50/22(530), and G06Q 30/06(489).

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.305-317
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• 2019

The RMR and Q-system for characterizing rock mass and drilling core, and for estimating the support and reinforcement measures in mine galleries, tunnels and caverns have been widely used by engineers. SMR has been widely used in the rock mass classification for rock slope, but Q-Slope has been introduced into slopes since 2015. In the last ten years, a modified Q-system called Q-slope has been tested by the many authors for application to the benches in open pit mines and excavated road rock slopes. The results have shown that a simple correlation exists between Q-slope values and the long-term stable and unsupported slope angles. Just as RMR and Q have been used together in a tunnel or underground space and complemented by comparison, Q-Slope can be used in parallel with SMR. This paper introduces how to use Q-Slope which has not been announced in Korea and application examples of Pasir open pit coal mine in Indonesia.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.7
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• pp.635-644
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• 2016

This study investigates variation of flow characteristics due to variation of branch channel width and discharge ratio at bifurcation channel using 2D numerical model. The calculated result considering secondary flow is more accurate and stable than without considering one. The diversion flow rate ($Q_3/Q_1$) is reduced by flow stagnation effect according to the interaction of the secondary flow and flow separation zone in branch channel. The less upstream inflow or the lower upstream velocity, the bigger variation of diversion flow rate by changing branch channel width. At uniform downstream boundary condition, the rate of change in Froude number of downstream of main channel($Fr_2$)-diversion flow rate ($Q_3/Q_1$) relations is similar about -2.4843~-2.6675 when branch channel width ratio (b/B) is decreased. At uniform diversion flow rate ($Q_3/Q_1$) condition, the width of recirculation zone in branch channel is decreased when branch channel width ratio (b/B) is decreased. The less upstream inflow in the case of increasing branch channel width or the narrower branch channel width in the case of increasing upstream inflow, the bigger reduction ratio of recirculation zone width. At uniform inflow discharge ($Q_1$) condition, diversion flow rate, the width and length of recirculation zone in branch channel are decreased when branch channel width ratio (b/B) is decreased.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.503-510
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• 2007

Rock classification schemes such as RMR, Q-system were applied to investigate the stability of large-scale gangways mined in a limestone mine. 22 areas for engineering geological surveys were selected and rock classifications at each survey point had been carried out. Considering the fact that the observed gangways have not experienced some severe failure and have been stably maintained till now, it is found that Q-system is more reasonable than RMR in evaluating the stability of unsupported span. Also, extended Mathews stability graph method which is a kind of revised Q-system was used to assess the stability of gangways and the results represent that all gangways except for one area are under stable condition. Based on above the mentioned results, the empirical equations to design the maximum unsupported span and critical height of a large-scale gangway are suggested.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.57-80
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• 2005

Morphological variation of Quercus L. subgen. Quercus in Korea was examined by numerical methods including principal components analysis of major morphological characters. Principal components analysis revealed the presence of five major species groups of the subgen. Quercus in Korea; these include 1) a group consisiting of Q. acutissima and Q. variabilis individuals, 2) Q. dentata, 3) Q. aliena, 4) Q. mongolica, and 5) Q. serrata. The putative interspecific hybrid individuals occupied intermediate position between the putative parent species in the PCA plot. The analysis also strongly suggested that size and shape of leaf blade and teeth or lobes, twig diameter, size and shape of nuts, and length and width of scales are very useful in distinguishing the species and the putative hybrids of the subgen. Quercus.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.340-344
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• 1983

Taxonomic distances and Q correlations of all possible comparisons among thirty-two collected soybean varieties were calculated from the standardized mean of twenty-one characters. Ten varietal groups were classified by the single linkage clustering based on Q correlations. The means of Q correlations of intra-group were higher than those of inter-group. Each groups were characteristic in each mean of characters within varietal groups.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.275-287
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• 2019

As game players have been more diverse and new features of digital games have been emerged in recent days, it is important to find out and understand how recent game players recognize and classify digital games. Thirty game players conducted Q-analysis of twenty-nine Q-statements extracted from previous studies on game typology. By using a QUANL program, three different types were revealed. For game classification, 'Physical Environment Centric Players' type highly values external game elements from the outside perspectives. 'Contents Centric Players' type considers internal game elements as the most important criterion. 'Emotional Experience Centric Players' type values his/her subjective feeling and thoughts. Based on this study, it is expected to make a contribution in developing a framework of game players with their perspectives on game classification.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.258-265
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• 1991

Ubiquinone compounds of strains in Leucosporidium scottii, Leucosporidium fellii, Leucosporidium lari-marini, and Rhodosporidium fluviale were analyzed by the high performance liquid chromatography. The Q-9 or Q-l0 compounds, independent on mating or self-sporulating type, were determined in the analyses of Leucosporidium scottii strains. Particularly, there is heterogenous in the quinone compounds in the same strain of L. scottii. These results showed reassessment of the quinone compounds as a taxonomic criterion; L. fellii had the Q-9 compound, L. lari-marini the Q-8 compound, and R. fluviale the Q-10 compound, Taxonomic position of L. lari-marini should be elucidated on the basis of analysis of Q-compound with other aspects.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.210-219
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• 2015

This paper describes a new quantitative process for evaluating the roughness of discontinuity, which is suggested as a qualitative criteria in RMR or Q-system. For this purpose, the Delphi method which is one of the surveying methods was introduced. The selected panels were asked to evaluate the roughness of discontinuities on the Web which was hosted by authors in advance. A total of 3 surveys were performed using JRCs suggested by Barton and Choubey as well as Ai generated by the Monte Carlo simulations. After each survey, the results were provided to all panels for comparing their decisions to others. As surveys proceeded, better consensus and convergence were achieved. With a good agreement of panels on roughness classification, the quantitative criteria for roughness of discontinuity in RMR and Q-system was established in this study.