• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.335-338
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• 2007

Five samples (Bakwoonbae, Chungsilbae, Sandolbae, Dolbae, and Chuwhangbae) of Pyrus species differing in their origin of production were analyzed for total phenolic content, vitamin C content, and antioxidant activities. Two antioxidant activities were measured by the free-radical scavenging activity and reducing power method. Total phenolic content of the Chungsilbae extract (20.35 mg/g) was higher than those of other pears. Vitamin C content in five Pyrus species ranged from $420.32\;{\mu}g/g$ in Sandolbae to $659.75\;{\mu}g/g$ in Bakwoonbae. Chungsilbae also had the highest free radical scavenging activity (76.56%) and reducing power (0.35).

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.160-171
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• 2002

자원식물로 유용한 야생배인 산돌배와 돌배나무군락의 종조성, 분포, 입지조건을 해석하기 위해 식물사회학적인 방법에 따른 조사가 함백산, 소백산. 일월산, 주왕산. 가야산 등지에서 실시되었다. 이것은 군락생태학적 접근을 통해 개생태학적인 특성을 파악하려는 하나의 시도이다 본 연구 결과, 야생 배나무류를 포함하는 삼림 식생은 두 군집과 두 군락으로 식별되었다: 우산나물-졸참나무군집, 물개암나무-신갈나무군집, 단풍취-신갈나무군락, 물푸레나무-산돌배군락, 이 중 우산나물-졸참나무군집과 물개암나무-신갈나무군집은 우리나라 참나무삼림의 분포유형에서 제각기 남부형 및 중\ulcorner북부형에 속한다. 그러므로 야생 배나무류는 주로 한국의 냉온대 낙엽수림 영역에 제한되며, 부분적으로 우점하거나 단독으로 출현하는 것이 밝혀졌다 일반적으로 야생 배나무류는 교목과 아교목층에 출현하는데, 이것은 이 종이 양수이고 임관의 다른 구성종과 함께 실생으로 발생하였음을 암시한다. 이를 반영하여 야생배나무류는 보통 SE-SW방향에 분포하였다. 또 야생 배나무류를 포함하는 삼림의 임관은 열려 있는 경우가 많았다. 다양성은 우산나물-졸참나무군집이 높았고, 다른 군락들은 비교적낮았다. 상급단위로서 식별된 군락은 조록싸리-졸참나무군단, 철쭉-신갈나무군단; 당단풍-신갈나무군목; 신갈나무군강에 속하는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• Plant Resources
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.157-160
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• 2001

The wild Pyrus plants belong to the deciduous woody plants in Rosaceae family. Most are cultivated for fruit productions, but some for ornamental plants. There are 5 Pyrus species including Pyrus ussuriensis and 8 varieties cultivated in Korea. In Korea, these plants are populated near villages or on the hills, and they are easily propagated since their fruit are very juicy and quite big in size. Plant breeding to get improved cultivars is not difficult because the Pyrus plants are easy to cross breeding among its genus. Because not only this reason but there have been shown lots of variation in wild groups, the Pyrus plants inhabited in Korea are excellent deciduous woody plants and favorable fruit trees to develop ornamental plants. It is necessary to develop many kinds of fruit trees and ornamental trees containing genetically different character, so that it will be satisfied for many different people's taste and demands. Collecting lots of wild plant resource with diverse genes is necessary for plant breeding.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2001년도 The 8th International Symposium
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• pp.15-19
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• 2001

The wild Pyrus plants belong to the deciduous woody plants in Rosaceae family. Most are cultivated for fruit productions, but some for ornamental plants. There are 5 Pyrus species including Pyrus ussuriensis and 8 varieties cultivated in Korea. In Korea, these plants are populated near villages or on the hills, and they are easily propagated since their fruit are very Juicy and quite big In size. Plant breeding to get improved cultivars Is not difficult because the Pyrus plants are easy to cross breeding among its genus. Because not only this reason but there have been shown lots of variation in wild groups, the Pyrus plants inhabited In Korea are excellent deciduous woody plants and favorable fruit trees to develop ornamental plants. It is necessary to develop many kinds of fruit trees and ornamental trees containing genetically different character, so that it will be satisfied for many different people's taste and demands Collecting lots of wild plant resource with diverse genes is necessary for plant breeding.

• Plant Resources
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.130-139
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• 2001

Four major naturally populated areas around the Jindong valley in Inje-Gun, Gangwon province for wild Pyrus ussuriensis, Malus sieboldii, and Malus baccata are mostly located on the southeast side of the mountains at 630-745m in altitude at sea level and are in very good sunny areas. The total of 77 taxa dividing into 32 families, 58 genera, 65 species, and 12 varieties has been inhabited in these areas. Most of these plants are heliophytes, which love sunshine, but some of rhizo-plants such as Sasa borealis, climbing plants such as Actinidia arguta and Celastrus orbiculatus, or naturalized plants like Bidens frondosa are also shown. These areas have been continually destroyed, so it is possibly thought that the second transition has been progressed. The index of species diversity of plant groups in these areas is 0.672∼1.465 based on the Shannon-Wiener's method, but its index for the area that rhizo-plants like Sasa borealis are growing as an under planting decreases relatively. In this study, the oldest plant of Pyrus ussuriensis in Korea, which is 120cm in diameter at breast height (DBH), 19m in tree height and 25m in width, has been found.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.80-89
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• 1996

Tripitaka Koreana was made during Koryo Dynasty from 1236 to 1251 A.D. Buddhist scriptures were engraved on 81.340 wooden plates. This study was made to identify species in these archaeological wooden plates using light and scanning electron microscopes. The results were as follows more than 62% of whole specimens investigated was Prunus sp., which was used in wooden plate 64% and wooden plate edge 56%, Pyrus sp. was used 13% of whole specimens and 31% of wooden plates. Therefore, 75% of whole Tripitaka Koreana was made by these two species. Acer sp., Betula sp., Machilus sp., Cornus sp., Daphnilhyllum sp., Prunus sp. were also identified but extreamly rare. Especially Machilus sp. and Daphnilhyllum sp. originally distributed in subtropical zone of west and south coast in Korea were identified, suggested strongly another engraving place of Tripitaka Koreana, Namhae bunsadogam.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.226-234
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• 2021

Two species, P. pyrifolia and P. ussuriensis, of the genus Pyrus native to Korea, are valuable genetic resources that can be used for food, dietary supplement, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics. Bioactive compounds of the plant leaves are the main components that are used for the products. Farmers had cultivated a few individuals from the wild to produce fruits or leaves for traditional remedy or tea; however, bioactive components of their leaves are not tested. We selected some trees from the natural stand that have distinct traits for the improvement program. We investigated the bioassay on the extracts' bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity from the selected accessions and other accessions, including newly developed cultivars. The contents of the phenolic compounds and flavonoids from the leaf extracts of the selected accessions were higher than the commonly cultivated trees in both species but lower than 'Sanhyang' in P. ussuriensis. The antioxidant capacity was measured using two assay methods, DPPH and ABST. The selected cultivars also had higher inhibitory activity than common trees. The selected accession 'Cultivar 3' in P. pyrifolia had the highest radical scavenging activity than others. Although leaves of the accessions were used only in this study, all three selected individuals have the potential for cultivar in containing high bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.2129-2134
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• 2014

The antioxidant activities and total phenolics of four Rosaceae species Pourthiaea villosa (Thunb.) Decne, Sorbus commixta Hedlund, Sorbaria sorbifolia var. stellipila Maxim and Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.) Nakai were determined. Phenolic content (polyphenol and flavonoid), radical scavenging activities [2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylnezthiazoline-6-sulfoic acid) (ABTS)] and ferrous ion chelating effect were evaluated. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were highest in Pourthiaea villosa (Thunb.) Decne and lowest in Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.) Nakai. Phenolic contents of Pourthiaea villosa (Thunb.) Decne was $331.45{\pm}7.78$ and $90.4{\pm}3.5mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities were found to be lowest in Sorbus commixta Hedlund whereas Sorbaria sorbifolia var. stellipila Maxim and Pourthiaea villosa (Thunb.) Decne showed relatively good DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. Ferrous ion chelating effect was highest in Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.) Nakai ($1.05{\pm}0.04mg{\cdot}ml^{-1}$) and lowest in Sorbus commixta Hundlund ($4.22{\pm}0.71mg{\cdot}ml^{-1}$).

• 보존과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.12-26
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• 1992

Ilsan peat-bed site, newly constructed city area, is located at the northern part of Seoul. This site is situated near the mouth of Han river, which flows through central Korea. Many fossil woods were excavated from this site, and surveyed the wood anatomical features. Totally 90 specimens were identified into 10 species including two roots and five barks which were not identified in detail. Alnus japonica and A. maxmowiczii are the most common and occupied 26. 7%, 34.4% of the total specimen number respectively, and then other species which excavated from Ilsan area are follows : Fraxinus rhynchophylla(18.9%), Lepido-balanus spp.(3.3%), Maackia amurensis(2.2%), Diospyros spp.(2.2%), Juglans mandshrica(1.1%), Prunophora spp.(1.1%), Malus or Pyrus spp.(1.1%), Rhamnus spp.(1.1%). Among the identified species there are fairly some species growing in the central - or northern temperate zone, such as A. maxmowiczii, F. rhynchophylla, Lepidobalanus spp., M. amurnsis, J. mandshurica, Rhumnus spp. Therefore, it can be estimated that the former temperature of Ilsan area was same or slightly cold than today. The species bearing fruit for food as .J, mandshunca, Diospyros spp., Prunophora spp., Mulus or Pyrus spp. were regarded as artificially planting trees, because they do not grow together in the same site.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.563-569
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• 2007

RAPD analysis showed that all the OTUs of 'Sandolbae' were the same species because amplified band patterns of all samples generated by each of 5 random primers were identical. Even though there were different environmental conditions, all the "Chuiangne" trees from three different places were the same species, and also all the "Cheongshilli" trees were the same species too. No genetic variations were detected between native Korean pears grown in the habitats and in the research field. Because 212 polymorphic bands were generated by 9 primers selected through primer screening, they were possible to analyze genetic relationship among naturally growing three native Korean pears and nine cultivars of Pyrus pyrifolia and P. communis. Based on the RAPD analysis, three main groups were formed. The first group represented the Six P. pyrifoia cultivars, the second group was the three native Korean pears, and the last group was the three P. communis cultivars. Genetic distance between 'Wonwhang' and 'Chojuro' was closer than other cultivars in group 1 since dissimilarity index value between these two cultivars was 50.82. However, genetic distance between 'Niitaka' and 'Chojuro' was the most distant compared to the others in group 1. In group 2, 'Sandlobae' was genetically closer to 'Chuiangne' than 'Cheongshilli' because dissimilarity index value between 'Sandlobae' and 'Chuiangne' was smaller, 50.82, than the value between 'Sandlobae' and 'Cheongshilli', 63.636. In group 3, 'Old Home' was genetically closer to 'Bartlett' than 'Kaiser Alexander(or Bosc)'. Group 3 composed of P. communis cultivars was genetically further than other two groups, P. pyrifolia cultivars and native Korean pears.