• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.695-701
• /
• 2009

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of biological critical control points using the genetic profile of Escherichia coli isolates from pork cutting plants. Samples were collected from carcasses, equipment (knife, table, glove, transport belt, boning and skinning machine), the environment (wall and floor), and meat cuts during the cutting process from two plants. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to characterize the E. coli isolates. An identical genotype was detected from the carcasses, equipment, environment, and final meat cuts, and showed that the incoming carcasses, which were contaminated during transportation from slaughterhouses, were a major source of E. coli that was spread throughout processing. Also, consistent cross-contamination due to improper cleaning and disinfection procedures was another possibility. As a result, incoming carcasses and cleaning procedures should be considered critical control points in pork cutting plants, since a heating step is not used to inactivate microorganisms. Furthermore, the high rate (59.6%) of E. coli isolation indicates E. coli can be a good indicator in livestock processing plants even though it has genetic diversity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.10
• /
• pp.382-395
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine how area characteristics influence the health of a population in a particular area by investigating how area deprivation and social capital influence self-rated health. For this study, a multi-level logistic regression was employed to analyze the data collected by Community Health Survey conducted on a target population of 229,186 living at 253 administrative areas of Korea in 2011. First, an analysis was conducted for subjects who have rated their self-health assessment as 'fair', 'poor', and 'very poor' in a 5 -item response survey. Then, a second analysis was conducted for the same subjects by excluding those with a rating of 'fair'. As a result, we found that area deprivation significantly influenced the population's health, according to our second analysis, while it was not significant according to our first analysis. Moreover, social capital was not significant in both analyses. Area deprivation-although the value of it was not so high-seems to explain the differences of individual self-rated health assessment as a contextual effect. In addition, influence of area characteristics is not limited to certain local areas, but to all local areas of Korea. Therefore, it is suggested that efforts to improve area characteristics are necessary to upgrade the individual's health level. A standardized classification system-distinguishing between good and poor self-rated health-is necessary through further comparative studies on self-rated health assessment.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2008.11b
• /
• pp.436-440
• /
• 2008

Monorail is a type of LRT that a train, made with $2{\sim}4$ cars runs on single track. Monorail can be divided into two types - straddled type, running on track beam and suspended type, running suspended from track beam. After Wuppertal, world's first monorail in German, many monorails are currently operated in Australia, U.S.A, Japan etc. In macountry, it was decided to introduce monorail to 3rd line of Daegue. Daegue's 3rd line is public financial project and supported about 60% of total project cost by central government. The central government announced a standard for rubber-wheel type LRT and steel-wheel type LRT. It becomes a guide to local government willing to introduce this type of LRT. The standard for monorail hasn't announced yet although the necessity of research has grown. Korea Railroad Research Institute which has been asked to research by Ministry of Land Transport and Maritime Affairs has carried out research on standard of monorail considering domestic condition. The on-going research is described in this paper. We wish that it becomes national standard and a good guide for local government.

• Journal of the Korean Medical Association
• /
• v.61 no.12
• /
• pp.765-775
• /
• 2018

With growing interest in novel digital healthcare devices, such as artificial intelligence (AI) software for medical diagnosis and prediction, and their potential impacts on healthcare, discussions have taken place regarding the regulatory approval, coverage, and clinical implementation of these devices. Despite their potential, 'digital exceptionalism' (i.e., skipping the rigorous clinical validation of such digital tools) is creating significant concerns for patients and healthcare stakeholders. This white paper presents the positions of the Korean Society of Radiology, a leader in medical imaging and digital medicine, on the clinical validation, regulatory approval, coverage decisions, and clinical implementation of novel digital healthcare devices, especially AI software for medical diagnosis and prediction, and explains the scientific principles underlying those positions. Mere regulatory approval by the Food and Drug Administration of Korea, the United States, or other countries should be distinguished from coverage decisions and widespread clinical implementation, as regulatory approval only indicates that a digital tool is allowed for use in patients, not that the device is beneficial or recommended for patient care. Coverage or widespread clinical adoption of AI software tools should require a thorough clinical validation of safety, high accuracy proven by robust external validation, documented benefits for patient outcomes, and cost-effectiveness. The Korean Society of Radiology puts patients first when considering novel digital healthcare tools, and as an impartial professional organization that follows scientific principles and evidence, strives to provide correct information to the public, make reasonable policy suggestions, and build collaborative partnerships with industry and government for the good of our patients.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.131-152
• /
• 2018

In terms of the fact that Innovation School is the main agent which encourages the innovation of school culture, As it has been ten years since the Innovation School was enforced, we do need a practical, indepth study on the quality of policy management. To make this actualize, this study is for analysis and comparison of basic values and operating evaluation plans which have been managed by Metropolitan City Office of Education(MCOE) & Provincial Office of Education(POE). Each of MCOE & POE have their own vision. Those visions are such things; 'Education for All' for Gangwon, Busan, Chungbuk. 'Future School Orientation' for Gyeonggi, Gyeongnam. 'Educational Community Realization' for Gwangju, Seoul, Ulsan, Jeonbuk, Jeju. 'Normalization of Public Education' for Sejong, Incheon, Chungnam. Like such things, each office possesses different vision by their distinct characteristics and in principle, all emphasis on publicness, democracy, and creativity. Management evaluations of the Innovation School is operated by Self-assessment, Intermediate evaluation, and Extensive assessment. The process and evaluation index of Intermediate evaluation and Extensive assessment are similar. Especially, Those assessment have significance in a role of administrating its management of each school and a role of offering associated documents of educational policy with educational renovations with feedback and some good examples.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.141-150
• /
• 2019

Despite the development of assisted reproduction technologies (ART) including in vitro fertilization (IVF), the poor ovarian response and endometrial receptivity remains clinically a major unmet need. Although these problems are difficulties to solve in infertility treatment, there are no good therapeutic option yet. Traditional herbal remedies and acupuncture, therefore are being proposed as alternative treatment. Our group found that traditional herbal medicines such as Paeonia lactiflora L.(PL, 芍藥), Cyperus rotundus L.(CR, 香附子), and Perilla frutescens (PF, 紫蘇葉) could improve endometrial receptivity. In this study, we found out Yeosin-san (如神散) as an optimal herbal formula via combination of the previously established herbal medicines. Yeosin-san is a traditional Korean medical formula which was established by Ziming Jin (陳自明) and recorded in Furendaiquanliangfang (婦人大全良方) at first. The formula traditionally used for treating abnormal uterine bleeding and leukorrhea. It showed a highest effect on leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) expression and on the adhesion between trophoblastic cells and endometrial cells. In addition, it has been shown that the Yeosin-san not only increases the endometrial receptivity to improve the embryo implantation but also enhances the ovary function by expressing the angiogenesis-related genes. Here we suggest that Yeosin-san could be a novel and effective candidate for treating female infertility.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2019

Large-scale industrial boilers operating at high temperature and high pressure, have a large amount of water, and a large amount of energy is released at the time of explosion. Currently, most industrial boilers use gas fuel such as LNG and LPG, etc. and fuel exists in the same space as equipment, so there is a high possibility of secondary damage such as fire or explosion in the event of a boiler accident. Both special care and management are required to operate the very dangerous equipment that causes casualty 2.51 per accident. For boilers of a certain size or more, the Korea Energy Agency conducts inspections in accordance with the Energy Usage Rationalization Act, KS, and public notice of the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Resources. In this research, based on the results of the inspection, the hazard factorss are configured, and a questionnaire is conducted to the inspector, the equipment manager, the maintenance person, and the person in charge of the manufacturer. We analyzed the results by using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). As a result of analysis, generally recognized hazard factorss are not good management, measurement failure, specification failure, water leak, leak analysis, but connection, welding, scale, and corrosion, etc. are relatively less important. It is judged that the adverse factors that are recognized to be highly important among all groups and careers are already well managed, but less important and adverse factors should be well managed to ensure that the safe usage of the boiler.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
• /
• no.3
• /
• pp.139-177
• /
• 2001

'Inha University' (Inha Institute of Technology) was founded on April 1954. The establishment of Inha University has several special meanings. First, I tried to examine the establishing process of Inha University in the context of emigrations and nationalist movements. Inha University was established to commemorate the 50th anniversary of emigration to Hawaii, with the seed money of $150,000 which came from the sale of 'Korean Christian Institute' in Hawaii. Korean Christian Institute had taken charge of teaching the children of Korean residents in Hawaii. Rhee Syhngman, the fist president of Republic Korea was the leader in founding Korean Christian Institute and Inha University, but behind him there were donations of both Korean residents in Hawaii and common Korean people of the 1950's. The establishment of Inha University has a nation-wide and national meaning in that the spirit of nationalist movements in Hawaii and donations of Korean people at home and abroad were linked together. Second, I tried to examine the economic and educational policies after the liberation in 1945. In the 1950's Korea planned to set up self-supporting economy with the aid of America. Accordingly, the educational policy had to be considered in view of economic independence, too. 'Inha Institute of Technology' was the result of these national economic and educational demands. Consequently Inha Institute of Technology took a special position of carrying out national policies with the intervention and protection of the Government, including the president Rhee Syungman in person, even though it was neither national not public but private college. Third, I tried to examine the local history of Incheon. How did Inha Institute of Technology come to be built in Incheon? That's because the emigrant ships departed from Incheon. For those Korean emigrants, it is quite natural that the city of Incheon has a symbolic and commemorative meaning. In addition, Incheon is a port city neighboring the capital Seoul and has 'Seoul-Incheon Industrial Complex' in it. Graduates from Inha Institute of Technology were expected to act as competent scientists and technical leaders of that complex. Really Inha Institute of Technology trained many a good technicians with short-term courses and re-educated them after. The history of university has been usually underestimated as that of mere institution. In dealing with the history of Inha University as an example, I tried to re-examine the history of university in the context of Korean history and to emphasize the importance of keeping any all records relating universities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.19 no.9
• /
• pp.271-279
• /
• 2019

The life expectancy of people has been steadily extended due to the improvement of living standards and the development of medical technology. Besides, the low birth rate and long life expectancy decrease the youth population while the elderly population is steadily increasing. Many elderly people have enough time and financial allowance, and the interest in health care is increased all over society. There are also increasing numbers of elderly people who exercise lightly in the playgrounds and parks such as running and walking. Outdoor fitness equipment that can be easily seen in neighbourhood parks, public spaces, etc. can be good health promotion tools that can be easily accessed in the daily life of the elderly. Outdoor fitness equipment Description Signs require a design that takes into account the declining vision of older users. Proper design is also important for the prevention of safety accidents in use. The purpose of this study is to find out the perception of the elderly about outdoor fitness exercise equipment sign system and to find the problem of recognition. To do this, we conduct user observation and interview surveys for the elderly. As a result, the emphasis of the caveat or problems with the size of the writing were pointed out, and it was necessary to explain the picture rather than the text. Also, there was a high demand for refraining from using foreign words, using universal words and including motor effects in signs. Based on the results of the user observation and interviews, we propose guidelines for the use of outdoor exercise equipment.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.390-395
• /
• 2017

A new small red bean cultivar, 'Geomguseul', was artificially crossed between 'Chilbo' and 'SA8412-3-1-4-3-3-2-3' in 1998, fixed excellent agronomic characters by pedigree breeding method, and selected for the further trials with the name of 'Miryang 10'. It was prominent and showed good result, such as high grain quality, lodging resistance, and high-antioxidant activity in the regional adaptation yield trials (RYT) for three years from 2009 to 2011 and released for the public consumption as the name of 'SA9801-24-4-3-1' in 2011. 'Geomguseul' has a semi-determinate growth habit, yellow flower, green embryonic axis, black seed coat, white hilum, and small spherical seed (12.2 grams per 100 seeds). The average yield of 'Geomguseul' was 2.01 MT/ha in the regional yield trials (RYT) carried out for three years from 2009 to 2011 which was a little higher than that (1.98 MT/ha) of the check variety, 'Chungju'.