• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제7권8호
• /
• pp.697-702
• /
• 2001

The ring laser gyro(RLG) has been used extensively in strapdown inertial navigation system(SDINS) because of the apparent of having wide dynamic range, digital output and high accuracy. The dithered RLG system has dynamic motion at sensor level, caused by the dithering motion to overcome the lock-in threshold. In this case, an attitude error is produced by not only the true coning of the vehicle motion but also the pseudo coning of the sensor motion. This paper describes the definition of the multi-frequency coning motion and its noncommutativity error to reject the pseudo coning error produced by the sensor motion such as the dithered RLG. The simulation results are presented to minimize the multi-frequency coning error.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.351-358
• /
• 1990

고연소에서도 연소 과정을 정확히 계산할 수 있는 연구로용 핵분열 생성물 연소체인 모델을 개발하였다. 이 모델은 상세히 취급된 63개 핵분열 생성물 핵종과 핵분열성 물질에 무관한 하나의 가상 원소로 구성되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 가상 원소의 유효 단면적과 악티나이드 핵종별 핵분열 생성율이 평가되었다. 이 모델은 저농축 우라늄을 핵연료로 하는 연구로의 고연소 해석에서 좋은 결과를 보이고 있다.

• Carbon letters
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.181-187
• /
• 2008

Batch sorption experiments were carried out for the removal of metylene blue from its aqueous solution using $H_3PO_4$ activated Acacia arabica carbon (AAC). The prepared activated carbon was characterized and was found as an effective adsorbent material. The operating variables studied were initial metylene blue concentration, AAC concentration and solution pH. AAC activated carbon posses a maximum sorption capacity for the range of initial dye concentrations studied (60~100 mg $L^{-1}$). The sorption kinetics were analyzed using reversible first order kinetics, second order, reversible first order, pseudo-first order, and pseudo-second order model. The sorption data tend to fit very well in pseudo-second order model for the entire sorption time. The average pseudo-second order rate constant, $K_{II}$ and regression coefficient value were determined to be 0.0174 mg $g^{-1}$ $min^{-1}$ and 0.9977. The biosorption process also fit well to reversible I order kinetics with a regression coefficient of 0.9878.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.415-424
• /
• 1998

[ $Pb(Mg_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3$ ] (PMN) 고용체의 고분해능 격자 이미지에 있어서 장거리 규칙도의 의존성을 컴퓨터 이미지 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 연구하였다. 컴퓨터 이미지 시뮬레이션은 multislice 방법으로 시편 두께, 초점 거리, 장거리 규칙도를 변화시켜 실시하였다. PMN에 있어서, 규칙격자 구조를 가지는 격자 이미지는 장거리 규칙도에 주로 의존하는 것을 발견하였다. 완전한 규칙격자 구조를 가지는 이미지는 유사 육방정 형태를 보였다 장거리 규칙도가 감소함에 따라, 유사 육방정 형태로부터 직사각형 형태로 변화되었고, 완전한 불규칙격자 구조를 가지는 이미지는 직사각형 형태를 보였다. 또한, 한 주어진 장거리 규칙도에서 시뮬레이션으로 얻은 이미지는 B-위치 양이온의 함량에 관계없이 거의 동일하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.24-28
• /
• 1989

미생물에 의해 hydrocortisone을 $\Delta$'-dehydrogenation하여 prednisolone 생산을 위한 공정에 있어 여러 발효변수들의 영향이 조사되었다. 미생물 전환공정은 pseudo-crystallo-fermentation 방법을 이용하였으며, 생물 전환을 위한 최적 온도는 35$^{\circ}C$였다. 발효배지의 초기 pH 6.5-7.8 범위에서는 prednisolone 생산에 pH의 영향이 거의 없었으며, 또한 계면활성제 Tween 80의 영향도 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. Prednisolone의 생산속도는 소포제 neolin 을 첨가함으로써 현저하게 감소하였다. 발효조 조업시에는 높은 공기주입 속도로 인해 발생되는 기포를 제거하기 위해 많은 양의 소포제가 사용되었으며, 따라서 shake flask 조업시보다 prednisolone 생산속도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제31권9호
• /
• pp.64-74
• /
• 2003

본 논문에서는 새로운 개념의 정지위성의 탑재용 자동위치유지 시스템을 제안하고 시뮬레이션을 통하여 그 성능을 분석하였다. 제안된 탑재용 자동위치유지 알고리즘은 지상의 두 지점에 위치한 장비로부터 Pseudo-Range 신호를 수신하여 실시간 궤도결정을 수행한 다음 이를 바탕으로 궤도제어 명령을 생성한다. 탑재용 위치유지 알고리즘의 로직을 최소화하기 위하여 지상 시뮬레이션을 통하여 계산된 기준궤도의 Range 데이터를 시간 태그와 함께 탑재하여 이를 추종하도록 하는 방식을 사용하였다. 궤도제어 알고리즘은 기준궤도의 생성에 사용된 기준 V 와 칼만필터 추정변수의 피드백 제어명령을 동시에 사용하는 방법을 통하여 탑재 알고리즘의 로직을 최소화하였다. 마지막으로 시뮬레이션을 통하여 제안된 시스템의 성능을 분석하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제28권12호
• /
• pp.1856-1863
• /
• 2004

In the last 50 years, lead-contained solder materials have been the most popular interconnect materials used in the electronics industry. Recently, lead-free solders are about to replace lead-contained solders for preventing environmental pollutions. However, the reliability of lead-free solders is not yet satisfactory. Several researchers reported that lead-contained solders have a good fatigue property. The others published that the lead-free solders have a longer thermal fatigue life. In this paper, the reason for the contradictory results published on the estimation of fatigue life of lead-free solder is investigated. In the present study, fatigue behavior of 63Sn37Pb, and two types of lead-free solder joints were compared using pseudo-power cycling testing method, which provides more realistic load cycling than chamber cycling method does. Pseudo-power cycling test was performed in various temperature ranges to evaluating the shear strain effect. A nonlinear finite element model was used to simulate the thermally induced visco-plastic deformation of solder ball joint in BGA packages. It was found that lead-free solder joints have a good fatigue property in the small temperature range condition. That condition induce small strain amplitude. However in the large temperature range condition, lead-contained solder joints have a longer fatigue life.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.427-445
• /
• 2015

By means of finite element numerical simulation and pseudo-static method, the shallow-buried bilateral bias twin-tube tunnel subject to horizontal and vertical seismic forces are researched. The research includes rupture angles, the failure mode of the tunnel and the distribution of surrounding rock relaxation pressure. And the analytical solution for surrounding rock relaxation pressure is derived. For such tunnels, their surrounding rock has sliding rupture planes that generally follow a "W" shape. The failure area is determined by the rupture angles. Research shows that for shallow-buried bilateral bias twin-tube tunnel under the action of seismic force, the load effect on the tunnel structure shall be studied based on the relaxation pressure induced by surrounding rock failure. The rupture angles between the left tube and the right tube are independent of the surface slope. For tunnels with surrounding rock of Grade IV, V and VI, which is of poor quality, the recommended reinforcement range for the rupture angles is provided when the seismic fortification intensity is VI, VII, VIII and IX respectively. This study is expected to provide theoretical support regarding the ground reinforcement range for the shallow-buried bilateral bias twin-tube tunnel under seismic force.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제8권5호
• /
• pp.1241-1254
• /
• 2015

Spatially variable ground motions can be significant on the seismic response of a structure due to the incoherency of the incident wave. Incoherence of the incident wave is resulted from wave passage and wave scattering. In this study, wave passage effect on the response spectrum of a building structure built on a soft soil layer was investigated utilizing a finite element program of P3DASS (Pseudo 3-dimensional Dynamic Analysis of a Structure-soil System). P3DASS was developed for the axisymmetric problem in the cylindrical coordinate, but it is modified to apply anti-symmetric input earthquake motions. Study results were compared with the experimental results to verify the reliability of P3DASS program for the shear wave velocity of 250 m/s and the apparent shear wave velocities of 2000-3500 m/s. Studied transfer functions of input motions between surface mat foundation and free ground surface were well-agreed to the experimental ones with a small difference in all frequency ranges, showing some reductions of the transfer function in the high frequency range. Also wave passage effect on the elastic response spectrum reduced the elastic seismic response of a SDOF system somewhat in the short period range.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제74권1호
• /
• pp.19-32
• /
• 2020

Metallic energy-dissipation dampers are widely used in structures. They are comprised of an added damping and stiffness (ADAS) device with many parallel, diamond-shaped hole plates, the neck width of which is an important parameter. However, no studies have analyzed the neck width's influence on the ADAS device's performance. This study aims to better understand that influence by conducting a pseudo-static test on ADAS, with three different neck widths, and performing finite element analysis (FEA) models. Based on the FEA results and mechanical theory, a design neck width range was proposed. The results showed that when the neck width was within the specified range, the diamond-shaped hole plate achieved an ideal yield state with minimal stress concentration, where the ADAS had an optimal energy dissipation performance and the brittle shear fracture on the neck was avoided. The theoretical values of the ADAS yield loads were in good agreement with the test values. While the theoretical value of the elastic stiffness was lower than the test value, the discrepancy could be reduced with the proposed modified coefficient.