• 제목/요약/키워드: Protoplast regeneration

검색결과 148건 처리시간 0.037초

Brevibacterium flavum의 동종간 및 Corynebacterium glutamicum과의 이속간 원형질체 융합 및 개량균주의 L-Lysine 생합성의 대사제어 (Intraspecific Protoplast Fusion of Brevibacterium and Intergeneric Protoplast Fusion between Brevibacterium flavum and Corynebacterium glutamicum and the Metabolic Control of L-Lysine Biosynthesis in Improved Bacterial Strains)

  • 박청;임번삼;전문진
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.104-111
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    • 1987
  • Lysine 생산균주를 개량하기 위한 시도로서 Brevibacterium flavum ATCC 21528R 과 Brevibacterium flvum ATCC 21529S의 동종간 및 Brevibacterium flavum ATCC 21528R 과 Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13058S 와 의 이속간 원형질체 융합을 실시하였다. 이들 균주들에 대한 원형질체 형성의 최적조건을 조사하고 재생과 융합에서의 plasma expander의 효과를 검토하였다. 융합주 No. CH23과 No. CH41은 최적 배양조건 하에서 L-lysine 생산성이 모균에서보다 각각 21%와 8.9% 향상된 것이었다. L-Lysine 생합성 회로상의 중심효소인 asparto-kinase를 포함한 주요효소의 활성을 측정하였고, 융합주 No. CH23과 No. CH41에서의 L-lysine 생합성 대사제어를 친주와 비교하였다.

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The effects of cytokinin and plating density on protoplast culture of sunflower

  • Chitpan Kativat;Witsarut Chueakhunthod;Piyada Alisha Tantasawat
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제49권4호
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    • pp.331-338
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    • 2022
  • Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) protoplasts were isolated from seven-day-old etiolated hypocotyls of 10 A line and four-week-old fully expanded young leaves of PI 441983 line in vitro seedlings using an enzymatic method. Purified protoplasts were collected by filtration and floatation in sucrose solution. Semi-solid protoplast culture was performed using the L4 regeneration protocol with various culture media and plating densities to achieve the highest efficiencies for protoplast culture of hypocotyl and mesophyll protoplasts of 10 A and PI 441983 lines, respectively. The concentrations in liquid L'4M medium and different plating densities were evaluated in two types of cytokinins, the adenine-type 6-benzyladenine (BA) and the phenylurea-type thidiazuron (TDZ). The highest colony formation was achieved in both sunflower lines when 0.5 mgL-1 BA and 0.5 mgL-1 TDZ were applied with a high plating density (3 × 105 protoplasts mL-1). These conditions led to 38.45% and 39.40% colony formation for hypocotyl protoplasts of the 10 A line and mesophyll protoplasts of the PI 441983 line, respectively. Moreover, many hypocotyl protoplast-derived colonies developed into micro-calli. In addition, superior development of both sunflower protoplasts was observed with all plating densities when BA was used in combination with TDZ. This finding will be applicable to future sunflower hybrid production via somatic hybridization.

애기장대 (Arabidopsis thaliana)의 엽육원형질체로부터 효율적인 식물체 재분화와 이들의 형태적 특성 (Efficient Plant Regeneration from Mesophyll Protoplast of Arabidopsis thaliana and Morphological Characterization of Regenerants)

  • 김명덕;김준철;진창덕;임창진;한태진
    • 식물조직배양학회지
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.127-132
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    • 1999
  • 4주 배양된 애기장대의 엽육조직으로부터 원형질체를 분리하여 2.0mg/L NAA, 0.5mg/L BAP및 9% mannitol이 포함된 MS 액체배지에서 $25^{\circ}C$, 암조건에서 배양하였다. 원형질체 유래 microcolonies를 dehydration시켜 배양하였을 때 non-dehydration에 비해 7배의 높은 캘러스 유도율을 나타내었다. Dehydrated microcolonies들 중에서 50개의 캘러스를 선별하여 0.05 mg/L NAA, 7mg/L 2-iP가 첨가된 MS배지에서 광조건으로 배양하였을 때 점차적으로 녹화되기 시작하였으며 배양 4주 후부터 전체적으로 녹화된 SF캘러스에서 green spots이 형성되었다 Shoot형성률은 식물생장조절물질의 종류에 따라 3.5%~56%로 나타났다. 재분화된 shoot는 식물생장조절물질이 첨가되지 않은 MS배지에서 뿌리를 유도하였으며 이들을 토양에 이식하여 완전한 재분화 식물체를 얻을 수 있었다. Shoot 형성과정을 조직학적인 측면에서 관찰한 결과, 배양초기에는 신장된 무정형의 세포가 대부분이었으나 배양이 진전됨에 따라 주위 세포들과 구별이 뚜렷한 도관요소 (tracheary element)와 분열조직군 (meristemoid)이 형성되면서 shoot primodia가 shoot로 발달되는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 재분화 식물체는 형태적으로 normal type이 78%이고 abnormal type이 22%였다.

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Molecular Characterization of Intergeneric Hybrids between Trichoderma harzianum and Gliocladium virens

  • Shin, Pyung-Gyun;Ryu, Jin-Chang;Yoo, Young-Bok;Jeong, Won-Hwa;Cho, Moo-Je
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.161-166
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    • 1997
  • Nuclei were isolated from the protoplasts of Trichoderma harzianum T95 and treated with colchicine, a polyploid inducer. The nuclei were transferred into the protoplast of multi-auxotrophic Gliocladium virens G88 which cannot grow in minimal medium. The protoplast of G. virens G88 carrying the transferred nuclei were regenerated in a regeneration minimal medium containing $17{\mu}g/ml$ of chloroneb as a haploid inducer. Six intergeneric hybrids between G. virens and T. harzianum were isolated from the regeneration minimal medium. The hybrids could be classified into three types according to morphology, those with an isozyme pattern, those with an protein band and those with an randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) pattern produced by random primers and repetitive sequences. The first group was identified to be a haploid recombinant, the second group a heterokaryon, and the third appeared to be petite.

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벼 현탁배양을 통하여 분리된 원형질체로부터 식물체 재분화 (Plant Regeneration from Protoplasts Isolated through Embryogenic Cell suspension Culture in Rice)

  • 정병균
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • 제36권3호
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    • pp.211-218
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    • 1993
  • Plant regeneration was accomplished from protoplast culture of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Taebaeg). Embryogenic callus was induced from mature seed on MS medium containing 5 mM proline, 2.5 mg/L 2,4-D, 30 g/L sucrose in the dark at 28$^{\circ}C$ and used to establish embryogenic cell suspension culture. Suspension cells were subcultured every one week in N6 medium supplemented with 5 mM proline, 200 mg/L casein hydrolysate, 2.5 mg/L 2,4-D and amino acids of AA medium. Suspension cultures were composed of cells that were densely cytoplasmic, potentially embryogenic and were at least maintained for more than 6 months in liquid medium. Protoplasts were isolated from fast-growing suspension culture cells and cultured in a slightly modified KpR medium by mixed nurse culture. Isolated protoplasts began to divide within 5~7 days and thereafter, protoplast-derived calli were sequentially transferred to callus proliferating medium that soft agar MS medium contained 2 mg/L 2,4-D and produced distinct embryogenic cells. Microcolonies were then transferred to solid medium which consisted of MS medium containing 5 mg/L kinetin, 1 mg/L NAA, 1 mg/L ABA, 30 g/L sucrose and 10 g/L sorbitol under fluorescent light. Mulitple shoots of 4~5 per callus emerged and were transferred to hormone-free MS medium for root initiation. Thereafter, The plantlets were transferred to pots of soil to mature in the culture room.

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Alkaline Protease를 생산하는 Bacillus subtilis의 원형질체 융합 (Protoplast Fusion of Alkaline Protease Producing Bacillus subtilis)

  • 최양미;이태경;홍범식;성하진;양한철
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제32권4호
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    • pp.435-440
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    • 1989
  • Alkaline protease를 생산하는 Bacillus subtilis를 $100{\mu}g/ml$ NTG 처리하여 $Arg^-,\;Try^-,\;His^-\;Ade^-$ 영양요구성주를 분리하였다. 원형질체 형성은 대수증식기의 균체를 lysozyme $200{\mu}g/ml$$42^{\circ}C$에서 $10{\sim}30$분간 처리하였을 때 약 99%였다. 재생배지에 0.3M sodium succinate, polyvinylpyrrolidone 2.0%, casamino acid 0.5%, $10mM\;MgCl_2$$20mM\;CaCl_2$를 첨가했을 때 재생율은 25.2% 였다. 원형질체 융합은 40%(w/v)의 PEG 6,000 용액을 상온에서 $1{\sim}5$분간 처리시 약 $2{\sim}8{\times}10^{-5}$의 융합빈도를 얻을 수 있었다.

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갈래곰보, Meristotheca papulosa의 원형질체 분리와 배양 (Isolation and Culture of Meristotheca papulosa Protoplasts)

  • 정규화;선상미;조용철;공용근;윤장택
    • 한국양식학회지
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.7-14
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    • 1999
  • 갈래곰보의 원혈질체 분리와 배양 조건을 확립하여 생명공학기술에 의한 유전적 형질개량의 기초조건을 마련코자 하였다. Abalone acetone powder,소라의 내장조효소, Pseudomanas와 Vibrio의 조효소, Cellulas R-10, Macerozyme R-10, Hemicellulase, Pectinase, Driselase, Protease 등을 0.6M mannitol과 0.5% potassium dextran sulfate를 함유한 50mM MES 해수완충액(pH 6.0)에 단독 또는 조합하여 조제한 효소액을 갈래곰보의엽체에 처리하였을 때 Abalone acetone powder 4.0% + Macerozyme R-10 4.0% + Hemicellulase 4.0% 효소조합액의 처리로서 생체조직 1g당 $107.6{\times}10^4$개의 원혈질체를 분리시킬 수 있었다. 갓 분리한 원형질체는 투명한 타원형으로 $7{\mu} m$~ $24{\mu} m$의 범위에 분포하였다. 0.2M mannitol을 첨가한 $ASP_{12}$배지에 배양한 세포는 9일 후 분열되고 25일 후 발아하였다. $ASP_{12}$배지는 f/2배지보다 갈래 곰보의 원혈질체 배양에 효과적이었으며 Guillard 항생물질조합액의 처리는 분화에 장애가 되었다.

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Aspergilluis oryzae의 원형질체 융합 (Protoplast fusion of Aspergillus oryzae)

  • 이수연;이주실;이영록
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제27권3호
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    • pp.216-220
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    • 1989
  • Aamylase 활성이 높은 Aspergillus oryzae와 알콜발효능이 있는 Saecharomyccs cerevisiae의 원형질체융합을 위한 기초연구로서, amylase 활성이 있는 A. oryzae의 종내원형질체를 융합시켜 이들융합체의 특성을 조사하였다. 영양요구성 돌연변이 균주의 mycellia로부터 원형질체를 생성하기 위해서는 lytic enzyme으로 Novozyme 234가 효과적이였고 완충용액의 pH는 5.5에서 6.0사이가 최적이었다. F usogen으로 30% PEG4,000를 사용하였을 때 효과적으로 원형질체의 융합이 이루어졌으며 이들 융합체의 대부부은 heterokaryons이었다. 원형질체의 형태와 PEG처리후 융합되는 과정을 광학현미경으로 관찰하였다. 원형질체의 재생율은 재생배지와 균주에 따라 1.46~14%이었고, A. oryzae 종내융합율은 0.12-0.16이었다. 융합체의 DNA함량을 조사한 결과 모균주보다 약 1.5배정도 증가됨을 보였고 융합체들의 amylase 활성은 융합체에 따라 다소 차이를 냐타내었다. 가장 높은 amylase 활성을 나타낸 융합체들의 amylase 활성은 융합체에 따라 다소 차이를 나타내었다. 가장 높은 amylase 활성을 나타낸 융합체 F2-2에 있어서는 야생균주 ATCC 22788의 그것보다 amylase 활성이 약 1.5배 가량 높았다.

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Optimization of Polyethylene Glycol-Mediated Transformation of the Pepper Anthracnose Pathogen Colletotrichum scovillei to Develop an Applied Genomics Approach

  • Shin, Jong-Hwan;Han, Joon-Hee;Park, Hyun-Hoo;Fu, Teng;Kim, Kyoung Su
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제35권6호
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    • pp.575-584
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    • 2019
  • Colletotrichum acutatum is a species complex responsible for anthracnose disease in a wide range of host plants. Strain C. acutatum KC05, which was previously isolated from an infected pepper in Gangwon Province of South Korea, was reidentified as C. scovillei using combined sequence analyses of multiple genes. As a prerequisite for understanding the pathogenic development of the pepper anthracnose pathogen, we optimized the transformation system of C. scovillei KC05. Protoplast generation from young hyphae of KC05 was optimal in an enzymatic digestion using a combined treatment of 2% lysing enzyme and 0.8% driselase in 1 M NH4Cl for 3 h incubation. Prolonged incubation for more than 3 h decreased protoplast yields. Protoplast growth of KC05 was completely inhibited for 4 days on regeneration media containing 200 ㎍/ml hygromycin B, indicating the viability of this antibiotic as a selection marker. To evaluate transformation efficiency, we tested polyethylene glycol-mediated protoplast transformation of KC05 using 19 different loci found throughout 10 (of 27) scaffolds, covering approximately 84.1% of the entire genome. PCR screening showed that the average transformation efficiency was about 17.1% per 100 colonies. Southern blot analyses revealed that at least one transformant per locus had single copy integration of PCR-screened positive transformants. Our results provide valuable information for a functional genomics approach to the pepper anthracnose pathogen C. scovillei.