• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.2093-2096
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• 2006

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.257-263
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• 1997

Berberis amurensis Ruprecht(Berberidaceae) is a medicinal plant indigenous to the middle and northern part of Korean peninsula. The woody parts of this plant have been used for the ocular, peptic and intestinal disorders. The stems of this plants were extracted with MeOH and the MeOH extract was partitioned between organic phases and water layer, successively to fractionated quarternary alkaloids. The acetone-soluble part of guarternary alkaloidal fraction had antibacterial activities and it contained four protoberberine alkaloids such as palmatine(I), Berberine(II), Jatrorrhizine(III) and coptisine(IV), and one aporphine alkaloid, magnoflorine(V). Although the isolations of the compounds I, II, IIII, IV and V from different sources were reported, this is the first report that Berberis amurensis contained the compounds. When the contents of compound I(palmatine) and II(berberine) were quantified and compared with those of other plant parts, cortex contained higher palmatine and berberine than any other part of the plant.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1559-1563
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• 2004

The topoisomerase II poisoning effect of certain protoberberine alkaloids is associated with anti-cancer activity. Structure-activity relationships of protoberberine analogues substituted on the ring protons reveal that substitution at the C19 position is an important determinant of biological activity. In this study, the effects of substituent modification at the C19 position on the interaction of protoberberines with DNA are determined using UV and NMR spectroscopy. The line broadening effect on aliphatic resonances, chemical shift changes of the imino protons of HP14 upon berberine and berberrubine binding to HP14, and the rate of the exchange process between protoberberine analogs bound indicate that berberrubine binds HP14 more specifically than berberine. In addition, the free HP14 is altered by the substituent at the 19-position. UV spectra of berberrubine have shown a hypochromic effect together with a slight red shift, which are usually regarded as characteristics of DNA intercalation. These results are consistent with our previous report that the berberrubine is partially intercalated with HP14 with molar ratio 1 : 1, whereas a non-specific interaction is predominant between the berberine and HP14.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.3597-3602
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• 2011

A simple and rapid analytical method was developed for the determination of eight isoquinoline alkaloids in Corydalis species. Eight isoquinoline alkaloids, including 2 aporphine alkaloids (isocorydine and glaucine) and 6 protoberberine alkaloids (coptisine, palmatine, berberine, canadine, corydaline, and tetrahydrocoptisine) were used as chemical markers which have a various biological activity and determined for quality control of Corydalis (C.) species (C. ternata, C. yanhusuo, and C. decumbens). To evaluate the quality of these herbal medicines, LC chromatographic separation of alkaloids were preferentially investigated on reversed-phase C18 column with pH variation and composition of mobile phase. In addition, the separation of these alkaloids in herbal extracts was found to be significantly affected on mobile phase composition using gradient elution. Especially for C. yanhusuo extract, berberine was seriously interfered with other alkaloid extracted from sample matrix when mobile phase composition was not optimized. As results, these compounds were successfully separated within 28 min using 10 mM ammonium acetate containing 0.2% triethylamine (adjusted at pH 5.0) as a mobile phase with gradient elution. On the basis of optimized HPLC conditions, 23 different Corydalis species samples were analyzed for the determination of alkaloid levels. In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) combined with the chromatographic data could be successfully classified the different geographic origin samples.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.206.3-207
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• 2001

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.763-766
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• 2007

Oxypalmatine and oxypseudopalmatine were synthesized in three steps from the benzonitrile 11 and toluamides 12a, b. The lithiated cycloaddition reaction yielded 3-arylisoquinolinone intermediates. A subsequent internal SN2 reaction produced the corresponding 8-oxoprotoberberines, oxypalmatine and oxypseudopalmatine.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.205.2-205.2
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• 2003

As part of our program to isolate bioactive compounds from korean natural sources, we have screened traditional medicinal plants to cytotoxity on human tumor cells. Of them, the MeOH extract from rhizome of Coptis japonica Makino was found to be active against five cultured human tumor cell lines. So, the MeOH extract was subjected to successive solvent partitioning to give n-hexane, chloroform and BuOH. The activity was concentrated into the chloroform extract. The extract was chromatographied on a silica gel column and resulted in the isolation 5 alkaloids. (omitted)

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.108-112
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• 2011

Several isoquinoline alkaloids (1 - 18), which have basic chemical structures as protoberberine and aporphine skeletones, were evaluated for their inhibitory activities on AChE and BuChE. Among them, compounds 3, 4, 6, 8 and 12 showed the potent AchE activity with the $IC_{50}$ values ranging from $10.2{\pm}0.5\;{\mu}M$ to $24.5{\pm}1.6\;{\mu}M$, meanwhile, compound 14 - 17 exhibited strong inhibitory activity with $IC_{50}$ values from $2.1{\pm}0.2$ to $5.5{\pm}0.3\;{\mu}M$. Compounds 14 - 17 exhibited selective inhibition for AChE compared with BuChE. The isoquinoline alkaloid possesses aromatic methylenedioxy groups and quaternary nitrogen atoms are crucial for the anti-cholinesterase inhibitory activity.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.240-248
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• 2002

The most effective solvent for extract of dye from amur cork tree was methanol. Two protoberberine alkaloids, berberine and palmatine, were isolated from amur cork tree by Prep-TLC, and the developing solvent was Benzene : AcOEt ; PrOH ; MeOH ; EtNH$_2$(8: 4: 2: 0.5: 0.5). Dyes were stable at a high temperature and there wasn't any change of color at pH 3~9 and with added metal mordants. In adsorption spectra of aqueous solution of berberine and tannin mixture, two isosbestic points$(328^{nm},\;357^{nm})$ were found and the mole fraction of reaction of components was 1:1.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.390-393
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• 2000

From the alkaloidal fraction of the fructus of Chelidonium majus, two protoberberine alkaloids and one benzophenanthridine alkaloid were isolated. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidences, the structures of these compounds were identified as chelidonine, coptisine and berberine.