• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.318-322
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• 1998

Using polyacrylamide-gel isoelectric focusing followed by immunoblotting, genetic polymorphism of plasma vitamin D-binding protein (Gc) was examined in Asian sheep. The Gc polymorphism was revealed in the Khalkhas sheep of Mongolia, consisting of F, S and W variants, and the Yunnan native sheep of China, consisting of F and S variants. In particular, W was a new variant. The V variant detected in European sheep up to now was not observed in these sheep. The Bhyanglung, Baruwal, Kagi and Lampuchhre sheep of Nepal and local sheep of Bangladesh and Vietnam were monomorphic for the S variant. Family data and population genetic data supported the hypothesis that these variants were controlled by codominant alleles. In these Asian sheep, distribution of the $Gc^s$ allele was predominant (0.9571-1) and was seen as well in European sheep (Suffolk, Corriedale, Cheviot and Finnish Landrace) raised in Japan. $Gc^w$ allele was detected only in the Khalkhas sheep with the low frequency of 0.0025. The $Gc^v$ allele was detected in the Suffolk and Corriedale sheep (0.0080 and 0.0682), but not in any of the Asian sheep studied.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.100-103
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• 2003

Higher environmental temperature affects the economic performance of pigs. Heat shock protein 70 has been shown to play an important role in thermoresistance. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the 5'-flanking region of porcine HSP70.2 on growth performance in Taiwanese Duroc. The genotype of this nt 393 polymorphic site could be verified by digestion with Bsa WI restriction enzyme of a PCR product. Pigs with TT and TC genotypes have thinner backfats than those with CC type (p<0.05). The result suggested that the polymorphic Bsa WI site in the 5'flanking region of porcine HSP70.2 may be used as a marker for the early selection of ultrasonic backfat thickness in Duroc pigs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.262-266
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• 2017

Objective: This study was conducted to screen scrotal hernia in domesticated swine from selected breeders in the Philippines. This defect is associated with a cytosine to thymine mutation in the BCL-2 associated X protein (BAX) gene of swine. Methods: Genetic screening was done by DNA extraction followed by amplification and digestion using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, amplifying the 416 bp region of the BAX gene that was subjected to digestion using the Ear I enzyme. Sequencing was also conducted to validate the results. Results: Results revealed that out of 538 samples tested, 411 (76.4%) of the samples were found to be normal whereas the remaining were carriers of the mutation in which 80 (14.9%) were heterozygous mutants and 47 (8.7%) were homozygous mutants. Pietrain breed was found to have the highest incidence. Conclusion: Having a scrotal hernia eliminates the chances of using the boar as a breeder stock because the following generations arising from it would most likely exhibit herniation. It is therefore advised to establish a genetic screening method for Scrotal Hernia in the Philippines to eliminate the negative gene from the herd.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.117-127
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• 2015

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is one of the important legumes and cheaper source of protein in Bangladesh that displays great biological diversity. Isozyme, one of the most important protein markers to detect genetic polymorphism in lentil, whereas we considered thirteen-isozyme in six varieties viz., BARI masur-1, BARI masur-2, BARI masur-3, BARI masur-4, BARI masur-5 and BARI masur-6. The highest polymorphism was found in tyrosinase isozyme system. UPGMA analysis revealed that the highest similarity between BARI masur-5 and BARI masur-6 whereas, the highest genetic distance between BARI masur-1 and BARI masur-5 reflecting higher intervarietal variation. Principal component analysis (PCA) also revealed the similar results that of unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). The first, second and third PCs contributed 81.58%, 11.19% and 4.94% variation respectively, with cumulative variation of the first three PCs was 75.45%. Consequently, Isozyme could clearly assed the genetic diversity at intervarietal levels and these two varieties can be considered as valuable gene resources for future breeding and conservation programs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.747-752
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• 1992

Protein polymorphism of native and red jungle fowls in Nepal was analyzed by electrophoresis. Blood samples were collected in the areas of Solu, Jomson road, Kathmandou, Pokhara and Low land. Out of 17 loci, polymorphism were found at nine loci in native fowls and at three loci in red jungle fowls. The proportion of polymorphic loci ($P_{poly}$) of native and red jungle fowls were $0.529{\pm}0.121$ and $0.176{\pm}0.095$, respectively. The five fowl populations in Nepal formed a different cluster from Sri Lankan and Bangladeshi fowl populations. When the gene frequencies of polymorphic loci were compared between the native fowl populations of Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Nepal, $Amy-1^A$, $Es-1^A$ and $Akp-2^A$ genes showed inclination of south to north.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.527-532
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• 2011

ESR1 has been listed in the Human Obesity Gene Map as candidate gene associated with obesity. Thus, in this study, we investigated the effect of the ESR1 rs1884051 polymorphism on obesity-related variables, together with their modulations by dietary intake in Korean men. The obesity-related variables and dietary intake of 3,039 Korean men aged 40-59 years from KoGES database were analyzed. Body weight (P = 0.007), BMI (P = 0.003), waist-hip ratio (= 0.011), fat body mass (P = 0.010), and body fat percentage (P = 0.040) were significantly lower in subjects with the minor T allele of ESR1 rs1884051 than in subjects carrying the C allele. Moreover, the rs1884051 T allele was associated with a decreased risk of obesity prevalence (P = 0.040). Among the subjects whose total energy intake was below the median, carrier of the minor T allele of ESR1 rs1884051 had a lower BMI (P = 0.003) when compared with subjects carrying the C allele. In addition, among subjects whose plant protein intake was above the median, carrier of the minor T allele of ESR1 rs1884051 had a lower BMI (P = 0.044) compared with subjects carrying the C allele. Our findings demonstrate that there is a significant association between the ESR1 rs1884051 variant and obesity-related variables and this association can be potentially modified by dietary energy and plant protein intake.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.2035-2038
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• 2014

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is an important protein involved in the regulation of the immune system. The +49 G/A polymorphism is the only genetic variation in the CTLA-4 gene that causes an amino acid change in the resulting protein. It is therefore the most extensively studied polymorphism among all CTLA-4 genetic variants and contributions to increasing the likelihood of developing cancer are well known in various populations, especially Asians. However, there have hiterto been no data with respect to the effect of this polymorphism on breast cancer susceptibility in our North Indian population. We therefore assayed genomic DNA of 250 breast cancer subjects and an equal number of age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched healthy controls for the CTLA-4 +49 G/A polymorphism but no significant differences in either the gene or allele frequency were found. Thus the CTLA-4 +49 G/A polymorphism may be associated with breast cancer in other Asians, but it appears to have no such effect in North Indians. The study also highlights the importance of conducting genetic association studies in different ethnic populations.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.223-232
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• 2016

Purpose: We investigated the potential interaction between the G-protein beta-3 subunit gene (GNB3) C825T polymorphism, a risk factor for chronic disease in various ethnicities, and obesogenic environments in overweight/obese Korean children. Methods: The present study was conducted as a cross-sectional study using measures of anthropometry, blood pressure (BP), and fasting blood samples as well as 3-day food records. Subjects were recruited from seven elementary schools in an urban district in Seoul, South Korea, between 2007 and 2008. A total of 1,260 children aged 8-9 years were recruited in the study, including 633 boys (50.3%) and 627 girls (49.7%). Results: The allele frequencies of the GNB3 polymorphism were C allele = 49.7% and T allele = 50.3% in subjects. In general, boys with T allele had higher BMI, systolic BP (SBP), and triglycerides, although their energy intake was not significantly different from boys with C allele. In contrast to boys, girls with T allele had lower BMI but higher SBP and energy intake than those with C allele. The girls with T allele had a significantly lower BMI and waist circumference in both the normal weight group and obese group (OB). T allele carriers in both genders had significantly higher TC than C allele carriers in the OB group. At last, girls with T allele in OB appeared to have significantly lower HOMA-IR than those with C allele. Conclusion: Unlike higher risk for negative health outcomes by the GNB3 polymorphism in various ethnicities, GNB3 polymorphism did not influence obesogenic environments in overweight/obese Korean children.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.355-359
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• 2008

This study aimed to determine the relationship between the C825T polymorphism in the G-protein ${\beta}$3-subunit (GNB3) gene and the response to citalopram in a Korean population with major depressive disorder (MDD). Citalopram was administered for 8 weeks to the 84 MDD patients who completed this study. All subjects were examined using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, and the severity of depression was assessed using the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating (HAMD-21) scale. A main effect of an interaction of genotype with time on the decrease in the HAMD-21 score during the 8-week study period was not found. ANOVA revealed no significant effects of the GNB3 C825T polymorphism on the decrease in the HAMD-21 score at each time period. Although the C825T polymorphism of the GNB3 gene may affect the pathogenesis of MDD, our results do not support the hypothesis that this polymorphism is involved in the therapeutic response to citalopram in Korean patients with MDD.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.341-346
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• 2001

Hypertension is a complex disease with strong genetic influences. Essential hypertension has been shown to be associated with insulin resistance. To clarify the genetic basis of insulin resistance in Hypertension, case-control association studies were performed to examine candidate genes for insulin resistance in hypertension. Polymorphisms investigated were the BstO I polymorphism of the $\beta$3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) gene, the Xba I Polymorphism of the glycogen synthase (GSY) gene, the Dde I polymorphism of the protein phosphatase 1 G subuit (PP1G) gene, the BstE II polymorphism of the glucagon receptor (GCG-R) gene, the Pst 1 polymorphism of the insulin (INS) gene and the Acc I polymorphism of the glucokinase (GCK) gene. No significant differences were observed in the distribution of alleles and genotypes of the ADRB3, GSY PP1G, GCG-R, INS, and GCK genes between hypertensive and normotensive groups. Although the frequencies in each of these polymorphisms were not significantly different between essential hypertensive and normotensive individuals, our results may provide additional information for linkage analysis and associative studies of disorders in carbohydrate metabolism or in cardiovascular disease.