• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2015

We created species richness maps of mammals, birds and plants using "Nnational Ecosystem Survey" data and identified correlations between species richness maps of each taxa. We examine the distribution of species richness of each taxa and calculated conservation priority rank through plotting species-area curves using an additive benefit function in Zonation. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, plant showed high species richness in Gangwon province and Baekdudaegan, and mammals showed high species richness at eastern slope of Baekdudaegan in Gangwon province unusually and the species richness of mammals distributed equally except Gyeonggi and Chungnam province. However, birds showed high species richness in the west costal because the area is the major route of winter migratory birds. Second, correlation of each taxa's distribution is not significant. Correlation between mammals and birds is positive but correlations between birds and others are negative. Because mammals inhabit in forest but birds mostly live in coastal wetlands and rivers. Therefore, bird's habitats are not shared with other habitats. Third, the probability of mammals occurrence is very low under 25% in species-area curve, others increase proportionally to area. Birds increase dramatically richness at 10% because bird's habitat is concentrated in coastal wetlands and rivers. Plants increased gently species richness due to large forest in Gangwon province. We can calculate the predicted number of species in curves and plan various conservation strategies using the marginal number of species. Finally, high priority ranks for conservation distributed mainly in Gangwon province and Baekdudaegan. When we compared with priority map and terrestrial national parks, the parks were evaluated as high priority ranks. However, the rank of parks away from Baekdudaegan was low. This study has the meaning of selecting conservation priority area using National Ecosystem Survey. In spite of the omission of survey data in national parks and Baekdudaegan, the results were good. Therefore, the priority rank method using species distribution models is useful to selecting protected areas and improving conservation plans. However, it is needed to select protected areas considering various evaluation factors, such as rarity, connectivity, representativeness, focal species and so on because there is a limit to select protected area only using species richness.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.49-65
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• 2017

Overall, 3,950 mushroom specimens were collected from the Central Cardamom Protected Forest (CCPF) in Koh Kong province, the Kirirom National Park (KNP) in Kampong Speu province, the Seima Biodiversity Conservation Area (SBCA) in Kratie province, the Mondulkiri Protected Forest (MPF) in Mondulkiri province, the Phnom Bokor National Park (PBNP) in Kampot province, the Western Siem Pang Protected Forest (SPPF) in Stung Treng province, the Ream National Park (RNP) in Sihanoukville province of Cambodia from 2009 to 2014, and then they were identified and classified into 302 species, 165 genera, and 64 families by morphological and genetical characteristics. The mushrooms belongs to Ascomycota were classified into 26 species, 14 genera, and 10 families, while those belongs to Basidiomycota were classified into 276 species, 151 genera, and 54 families, respectively. Among these mushrooms, the most species-rich families are Polyporaceae (26.2%), Marasmiaceae (9.1%), Ganodermataceae (7.7%), Hymenochaetaceae (7.5%), and Mycenaceae (7.1%), and comprised 57.5% of the total specimens identified.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.177-188
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• 2008

Attempts to develope designation criteria for ecological protected areas were made for rational and scientific designation and management of 'ecosystem and landscape conservation areas', 'wetland protection areas', 'special islands protection areas', and 'wildlife protected areas' which have been designated and managed by the Ministry of Environment. Through analysis of the requisites and criteria of IUCN, UNESCO, Natura 2000, the Ramsar convention, the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, and Germany as well as various academic researches, evaluation items of the protected areas were classified into naturalness, biodiversity, ecosystem, and scientific values. These classification titles are reflection of Korean laws concerning the 4 protected areas described above. Of these items 'naturalness' is composed of 3 factors of wilderness, geomorphology and landscape, and vegetation. 'Biodiversity' is composed of the 5 factors of species diversity, endangered species, rare species, indigenous biological resources, and habitat of wetland wild animals. 'Ecosystem' is composed of 5 factors of typicalness, diversity, rarity, restoration ability, and degree of interference. All factors are scored using a 3 point scale of high, middle, or low and are then transformed into the numerical index for designating and zoning purposes. Conclusively, it is expected that the developed methodology will be highly applicable with field verifications.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.268-271
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• 2019

Mushroom survey and collection were conducted in the Phousabous National Protected Area (PNPA), which is located at the Northeastern area 230km from the capital city of Lao-PDR, Vientiane, from April 2017 to September 2018. During this periods, mushroom specimens were collected from 8 different locations, and then they were identified and classified into 284 species, 142 genera, 56 families, 20 orders and 7 classes by morphological and molecular analyses. The mushrooms belongs to Ascomycota were classified into 10 species, 5 genera, 5 families, 4 orders and 3 classes, while those belongs to Basidiomycota were classified into 274 species, 137 genera, 51 families, 16 orders, and 4 classes, respectively. Among these mushrooms, the most species-rich families are Boletaceae (16.06%), Polyporaceae (10.12%), Russulaceae (9.94%), Amanitaceae (7.68%), Agaricaceae (4.54%), Marasmiaceae (4.36%), Cortinariaceae (3.66%), Entolomataceae (3.66%), Mycenaceae (2.79%), Xylariaceae (2.44%), Physalacriaceae (2.09%), Omphalotaceae (2.09%), Hydnangitaceae (2.09%), Lyophyllaceae (1.92%), Tricholomataceae (1.75%) and comprised 75.19% of the total specimens identified.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.159-163
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• 2020

Parasesarma bidens(De Haan, 1835) has been designated as a marine protected species by the Act on conservation and management of marine ecosystems. This crab has been recorded only from Jeju-do and Geomun-do, Republic of Korea. In this study, we describe for the first time the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI) sequences of P. bidens. The intra-specific genetic distance among the Korean populations and between the Korean and Chinese populations ranged from 0% to 0.9% and 1.9% to 2.7%, respectively. The inter-specific genetic distances among the four Parasesarma species ranged from 10.9% to 12.8%. The finding of this study will be helpful to better describe P. bidens using COI DNA barcodes and can be used as basic data for their restoration and conservation research.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.37-48
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• 2020

This study was aimed to design core areas applied by the global conservation criteria to promote the public awareness to the protected areas and the value cognition of the Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs), targeting the Mt Seorak, according to the designation of globally important biodiversity areas. As a method for carrying out this study, the biota were cataloged through literature reviews and field trips. With applied by the Global Red List criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), only nine species were categorized in the studied area; plants were classified into six species as follows: Megaleranthis saniculifolia ohwi, Bupleurum euphorbioides Nakai, Hanabusaya asiatica Nakai, Thuja koraiensis Nakai, Leontopodium leiolepis Nakai, Androsace cortusaefolia Nakai, fish was classified one species as follow: Pungitius sinensis Tanaka, and the mammal was classified as two species as follows: Hydropotes inermis, Naemorhedus caudatus. According to the occupation area (EoO, Extent of Occurrence) and Minimum Viable Population(MVP), the size of protected area was 234.56㎢ for plants, 235.07㎢ for mammals, and 0.14㎢ for fish, and the Key Biodiversity Area (KBA) of Mt. Seolak suggested as 286.72㎢.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.457-460
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• 2018

Mushroom survey was conducted in the Phou Khao Khuoay National Protected Area (PKKNPA) located at east direction 65km from Vientiane, the capital city of Lao-PDR from September 2015 to November 2016. During this periods, mushroom specimens were collected from 10 different survey sites, and then were identified and classified into 149 species, 113 genera, and 55 families by morphological and molecular analyses. The mushrooms belongs to Ascomycota were classified into 13 species, 7 genera, 5 families, and 5 orders, while those belongs to Basidiomycota were classified into 136 species, 113 genera, 55 families, and 18 orders, respectively. Among these mushrooms, the most species-rich families were Polyporaceae (18.1%), Marasmiaceae (11.0%), Ganodermataceae (8.6%), Xylariaceae (5.8%), Russulaceae (5.4%), Agaricaceae (4.7%), Boletaceae (4.7%), Hymenochaetaceae (3.9%), and Amanitaceae (3.6%), and comprised 65.8% of the total specimens identified.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.329-341
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• 2023

We surveyed the vegetation of an ecological landscape preservation area (legally protected conservation areas or national parks) and the surrounding areas of Mt. Cheonggye, Republic of Korea, to explore the conservation implications for preservation areas and surrounding transition areas. We calculated diversity indices to identify the properties of the preservation and surrounding areas that are relevant to conservation efforts. We then compared the plant community composition between the areas using field and quadrat surveys in the preservation and surrounding areas. The cover of the dominant species in all tree and herb layers was markedly higher in the preservation area than in the peripheral zones. The species richness indices were significantly higher in the preservation area than in the peripheral zones. Ordination using detrended canonical correspondence analyses showed that the cover of the dominant tree species and rocks could explain the distribution of plant species in the Cartesian space of the ordination. Our results demonstrate that physiognomically designated protected areas match well with ecological data based on diversity indices and ordination analyses and that disturbances in the areas surrounding the ecological landscape of preservation areas can have considerable impacts on plant diversity indices. Hence, the preservation and management of surrounding areas are essential conservation elements for protecting the entire ecological landscape of preservation areas.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.305-317
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• 2023

This study suggested a citizen science based model to enhance the efficacy of the managing invasive alien plants and examined whose applicability in 3 Wetland Protected Areas (Jangrok of Gwangju metropolitan city, Madongho of Goseong in South Gyeongsang Province, and Ungok of Gochang in North Jeolla Province). The process consists of (a) collecting citizen scientist including local residents of 3 protected areas and piling up information on the 4 species of invasive alien plants (Sicyos angulatus L., Solanum carolinense L., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Solidago altissima L) in a information platform Ecological Information Bank (EcoBank) from September 18th to October 31th, (b) constructing distribution map containing the location and density (3 phases: individual-population-community) of target plants, (c) providing distribution map to Environment Agency and local government who is principal agent of managing invasive alien plants in 3 protected areas, and from whom (d) surveying applications of the distribution map and opinion for future supplement. As a result, citizen science based monitoring should be continued to complement the nationwide information for the field management of invasive alien plants with the expansion of target species (total 17 plants species that Ministry of Environment in South Korea designated) and period of monitoring in a year to increase the usability of surveyed information from citizen science. In the long run, effectiveness of the management of invasive alien species applied by citizen science should be reviewed including efficacy of field management process from citizen's participating in elimination project of invasive alien plants and time series distribution followed by the management of the species.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.299-311
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate and analyze the designation status of the Local Wildlife Conservation Ordinance for the conservation and management of wild fauna and flora, and to elucidate the problems and improvement directions. We compared and analyzed the provisions of the wildlife conservation ordinance of 17 regional local governments. After that,the designation status of Wildlife Protected by City/Do was investigated and the appropriateness was confirmed based on guidelines and laws. The ordinances related to wildlife were enacted in all municipalities, and provisions such as selection criteria, protection measures, and act limitations were commonly reflected. The provisions were varied depending on the characteristics of each local government, including details of flag species, the addition of species in the restoration promotion plan as criteria for selection and provision of protection and restoration of habitats. Since 2006, when the wildlife protected by City/Do designation and protection guidelines have been established, the protected wildlife have increased sharply, and there has been newly designated regional local government within the past one or two years. However, in some local government, protected wildlife has been designated for more than 10 years, and there are many that do not meet the selection criteria. Therefore, more scientific and objective selection criteria and methods should be constructed for the selection of species suitable for the purpose of the Wildlife protected by City/Do.