• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.233-239
• /
• 1993

Effect of Ca2+ on the conversion of 1-aminocycloprophane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to ethylene was studied with 2.5 day-old mung bean hypocotyl segments. The conversion of ACC in these tissues was inhibited by plasmolysis and sulfosuccinimidyl (hydroxyphenyl) propionate (sulfo-SHPP). The ACC induced ethylene production in HC (high calcium)-tissue grown on the Ca2+ added medium was greater than that in N (normal)-tissue. HC-tissue had a lower inhibition rate of ACC conversion by EGTA and Ca2+ -channel blockers than N-tissue. The rates of the ACC conversion by both kinds of tissues were stimulated by the Ca2+ ionophore A23187. From these results, we suggests a mechanism for the stimulative effect of Ca2+ on the conversion of ACC to ethylene as follows; in some tissues where ACC conversion is linked with plasma membrane, Ca2+ may be transported from apoplast through Ca2+ -channel into the cytoplasm ad stimulate ACC-oxidase activity.

• 식품기술
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.84-91
• /
• 2002

식이 섬유질에는 여러 종류가 있고 그 종류에 따라 short chain fatty acid(SCFA)의 생산 등 생리작용도 크게 다르다. 식이 섬유질 중 수용성은 장내세균의 발효를 받아 butyrate, acetate, propionate 등의 SCFA를 생산한다. 수용성 식이 섬유질을 섭취함으로서 SCFA의 생산을 증가시키고 대장점막증식, 물.전해질 흡수 촉진, 혈류량을 증가시키는 작용 외에 면역조절 작용을 가지고 있다. 식이 섬유는 장관계 질환 중의 하나인 염증성 장질환 특히 궤양성 대장염의 치료법으로서 기대되고 있으며, 암세포 연구에서는 butyrate 가 apoptosis 유도작용과 발암유전자의 억제효과가 확인되고 있으나 역학 연구에서는 식이 섬유질에 의한 대장암 예방효과는 아직 불확실하다. 모든 유형의 식이 섬유질은 건강 식품으로서 사용되고 있으며, prebiotic으로서도 주목받고 있다. 또한 경장 영양제에도 각종의 식이 섬유질이 첨가되어 있다. 그러나 충분한 양의 비타민과 무기질을 함유한 고섬유질식과, 건강 식품으로서의 식이 섬유질을 같은 의미로 해석하기에는 여러 가지 문제가 남아 있다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.190-193
• /
• 1994

Friedel-Crafts reaction isopropoxybenzene with methyl $\alpha$-chloro-$\alpha$-(maethylthio)acetate 1 afforded methyl $\alpha$-methylthio-p-isopropoxyphenylacetate 2d, which was readily converted into methyl p-isopropoxyphenylacetate 3 by reductive desulfurization with zinc dust in acetic acid. Methylation of 3 with sodium hydride and methyl iodide gave methyl $\alpha$-(p-isopropoxyphenyl)propionate 5. Methyl p-hydroxyphenylakanoates (4,6), useful intermediates for some medicines, were easily prepared by treatment of 3 and 5 with titanium tetrachloride, respectively.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.322-326
• /
• 2005

연속반응조에서의 수소생산에 대한 수리학적체류시간(희석율, D)의 영향을 $1\%$ sucrose를 함유한 $37{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 조사하였다. 실험결과 수리학적체류시간(희석율)의 각각의 조건에 따라 생성된 가스중 수소성분은 $50~71\%$의 범위로 발생되었다. $H_2/CO_2$ 비율은 희석율이 증가할 때 $H_2/CO_2$ 비율도 증가하였다. 최대수소생성 수율은 희석율 0.14 l/h까지는 증가하다가 이후에는 감소하였고, 수소생성 수율은 0.81 l/g sucrose이었다. Acetate 생성 수율은 butyrate생성 수율 보다 희석율 조건변화에 민감하게 변화하였다. propionate 및 solvents는 희석율 변화에 영향을 받지 않았다 biomass 수율은 희석율이 0.2 l/h 까지는 증가하였으나, 그 이상의 조건에서는 감소하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.322-327
• /
• 1997

Photosynthetic bacterium strain N-1 was isolated from the eutrophic wet soil and identified as Rhodospirillum rubrum. The optimum conditions for the cultivation of R. rubrum N-1 were estimated as 0.2% (w/v) of sodium acetate, 0.2% (w/v) of sodium propionate, 0.2% (w/v) of sodium butyrate in the Lasscelles basal medium at 30$circ$C, pH 7.0 under 4000 lux of the illumination. The removal efficiencies of total organic acid and chemical oxygen demand (COD$_{Cr}$) in swine wastewater were 80% and 87%, respectively, when 10% (v/v) of R. rubrum N-1 was inoculated.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2005

The feasibility of hydrogen production with a raw seed sludge through direct acclimation of feedstock was investigated at acidogenic stage, and methane was harvested at followed methanogenic stage in an anaerobic two-stage process. Hydrogen content was higher than 57% at all tested organic loading rates (OLRs) and the yield of hydrogen ranged from 1.5 to 2.4 mol H2/mol hexose consumed and peaked at 6 gVSl-1day-1. Normal butyrate and acetate were main volatile fatty acids (VFAs), whereas the concentration of propionate was insignificant. The hydrogen-producing bacteria, Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum, was detected with strong intensity at all tested organic loading rates (OLRs) by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. From COD balance in the process, the fraction of the feed-COD converted to the hydrogen-COD at acidogenic stage ranged from 7.9% to 9.3% and peaked at 6 gVSl-1day-1, whereas the fraction of feed-COD converted to the methane-COD at methanogenic stage ranged from 66.2% to 72.3% and peaked at 3 gVSl-1day-1.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.62-66
• /
• 1986

김해 대저 근교의 양지바른 수계 혐기층에서 수소 생성능을 가진 광합성 세균을 분리하였다. 그 중 수소 생성능이 가장 우수한 균주 230을 선택하여, 여러가지 형태적, 생리적 특성과 배양상의 특정을 조사한 결과, 균주 230은 그람 음성이고, 막대형으로 운동성이 있었으며, benzoate와 propionate는 진자공여체로 이용하지 못하고, 황화합 물은 전혀 이용하지 못하였으며. biotin, thiamine, nicotinic acid를 growth factor로 요구하고, 박테리오 클로필 a와 group II 카로티노이드계색소를 가지고 있었으으로 Rhodopuudomonas sphaeroides로 동정되었다.

• 신재생에너지
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.80-85
• /
• 2009

The effects of various organic wastes on anaerobic fermentative hydrogen production were studied using enriched mixed microflora in batch tests. Rotten fruit, corn powder and organic wastewater enriched with sulfate (up to 1,000 mg/L) were used for experiments. Maximum hydrogen production (547.1 mL) was observed from rotten apple with initial substrate concentration of 132.2 g COD/L. The experimental result on sulfate enriched organic wastewater indicated that hydrogen production is not adversely influenced by relatively high sulfate concentration. Residual sulfate content remained at 96-98 % after 75 hours of reaction, which showed that no major sulfate reduction was occurred at pH 5.3-5.5 in the reactor. The volatile fatty acid (VFA) fractions produced during the reaction was in the order of butyrate > acetate > propionate in all experiments. The results of this study would be useful for controlling the conditions on fermentative hydrogen production using different feedstocks.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제15권12호
• /
• pp.1050-1054
• /
• 1994

Eu(Ⅲ) exhibits one electron-transfer reduction at E$_{1/2}$ =-0.617 V vs. Ag/AgCl and the hypersensitive peak at 618 nm corresponding to $^5D_0$ ${\leftrightarro}$ $^7F_2$ transition in 0.10 M LiClO$_4$ aqueous solutions. Upon the addition of carboxylate or sulfonate anions to the Eu(Ⅲ) aqueous solutions, the reduction potential shifts negatively and the reduction current decreases because of the complex formation between Eu(Ⅲ) ions and the anions. However, for the case of carboxylate anion (acetate or propionate) the shift of reduction peak potential and the emission intensity at 618 nm are greater. The results are interpreted in terms of the differences in the formation constants and the hypersensitivity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.588-592
• /
• 1993

The $^1H-NMR$ signals of the heme methyl, propionate and related chemical groups of cytochrome $c_3$ from Desulfovibrio vulgaris Miyazaki F (D.v. MF) were site-specifically assigned by means of 1D-NOE, 2D-DQFCOSY and 2D-TOCSY spectra. They were consistent with the site-specific assignments of the hemes with the highest and second-lowest redox potentials reported by Fan et al. (Biochemistry, 29, 2257-2263 1990). The site-specific heme assignments were also supported by NOE between the methyl groups of these hemes and the side chain of Val-18.