• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2021

Purpose - In this study, I attempt to clarify three theories of firm boundaries (vertical integration): the principal-agent theory, transaction cost theory, and property rights theory. Although these theories have been widely cited and much discussed, it has been found that understanding the commonalities and distinctions of these seemingly familiar theories is difficult. Design/methodology/approach - I present the three theories about the decisions that firms make concerning their boundaries. Then, I compare elemental versions of the theories of the firm. Findings - Comparing the ingredients of the elemental property rights and principal-agent theories shows that they provide a unified account of the costs and benefits of vertical integration. However, the property rights theory in no sense formalizes the transaction cost theory. Research implications or Originality - Clarifying the three theories of the firm can help to construct empirical models and interpret its results.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.31-47
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• 2001

본고에서는 디지털 정보사회에서 지적재산권을 주장할 수 있는 정당한 근거가 무엇인가를 정보윤리의 시각에서 검토하고, 제한적으로나마 정당화된 재산권을 보호하기 위한 수단으로서 고려될 수 있는 법적, 기술적, 윤리적 통제가 갖는 각각의 한계점과 가능성을 살펴보았다. 전통적인 로크의 재산권이론과 헤겔의 인격화 이론이 디지털 정보사회의 지적재산권을 정당화하기에는 부족함을 주장하였다. 또한 지적재산권에 대한 주장이 산물 중심의 재산권에서 과정 중심의 통제권으로, 저자 중심의 시각에서 저자-수용자간의 조화로운 관계를 강조하는 방향으로 변화함을 지적하였다. 그리고 지적재산권을 보호하기 위해서는 그것을 보호하는 취지와 동기를 고려한 윤리적 통제를 중심으로 삼고, 법적, 기술적 통제를 보조적 수단으로 병행해야 함을 강조하였다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.249-265
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• 2004

In the current digital age, most of the countries in the world recognize the electronic business to be a very prospective area in the future and plan to activate for the preoccupation of the business. As a result, this led a rapid increase of the electronic business volume. Electronic business takes place in the cyber space, using internet. However, the intellectual property rights have a high degree of possibility of being infringed as the digitalized intellectual property is easy to receive, copy and transmit in the cyber space. The language structure on the web, represented by HTML, makes easier to copy the intellectual property. And, as the internet has no national boundary, the infringement of the intellectual property rights is easier regardless of country, which could lead to the commercial disputes between the concerned countries. There are in fact many legal disputes nowadays on the infringement of the intellectual property rights in such field as computer programming, infringement of the copyright, business model patent and infringement of the trademark right on the registered name of the domain. It is, therefore, time now to prepare a new theory or legal system to protect the intellectual property rights on copyright, patent and trademark right so as to comply with the digital environment together with such a splendid growth of "electronic business." USA and Germany are nowadays making a significant movement on the legislation of the electronic business, and this study will focus on the legislative contents, judicial precedents and interpretation of law in the above countries.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제8D권5호
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• pp.613-622
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• 2001

디지털 자원에 대한 유통환경의 급속한 변화에 따라 디지털자원에 대한 지적재산권 보호 문제가 중요하게 대두되고 있다. 디지털자원의 접근과 이용에 대한 신뢰있는 환경을 만들기 위한 통합적인 접근방법으로 디지털저작권관리(DRM)기술에 대한 관심이 디지털컨텐츠 저자나 출판사, ISP를 중심으로 높아지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재의 디지털저작관리기술이 직면하고 있는 취약점인 정적인 저작권관리 문제와 해결과 감시 및 추적기능 보강을 위하여 적응형 에이전트 기술(ARPA : Adaptive Resource Protection Agent)에 기반한 동적 디지털저작관리 시스템을 제안한다. 여기에서 동적 디지털저작권 관리를 위하여 동적미션제어 기법이 적용되고 온라인 및 오프라인 상에서의 컨텐츠 보호와 감시를 위하여 적응형 에이전트 기술이 적용된다. 또한, 프로토타입시스템을 구현하여 동적으로 디지털저작권을 보호하는 과정을 보인다.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.53-65
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• 2016

The authors in this paper aim to identify the growth of literature on Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs). The research publications on IPRs were downloaded from the Scopus online citation database and the authors found that there were 1,513,138 records contributed globally over a period of 10 years from 2005 to 2014. The distribution of publications based on the year, country, and document type were studied. Relative growth rate (RGR) of the publications and doubling time (T_d) were calculated. Most productive organizations, source titles, and the productive authors on IPR research were studied. Most cited articles in the study area were identified. The results show that a number of publications under the subjects Medicine and Engineering were produced. The developed countries are very active in IPR research and producing publications. It is found that one institution which holds the sixth place among the top 10 most productive institutions belongs to Brazil, a developing country. Two developing countries such as China and India hold second and tenth positions respectively in the top 10 countries contributing literature on IPRs.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.485-499
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• 1999

1989년 뉴질랜드에서 전파관리에 시장메커니즘이 도입된 이후 전세계적으로 동 방식에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있으며, 그 도입도 점차 확산되고 있다. 이러한 추세에 따라 한국에서도 전파관리에 시장메커니즘 도입에 관한 논의가 최근 들어 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 이와 같은 배경 하에서 최근 정보통신부가 입법예고한 전파법 개정(안)에는 주파수에 재산권을 도입하고, 도입된 주파수 재산권을 경매방식을 통하여 배분하는 내용이 포함되어 있다. 경매는 자원의 가격결정과 배분이라는 두 가지 문제를 풀기 위해 적용될 수 있기 때문에 매력적인 시장방식의 메커니즘으로 인식되고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 경매방식의 유효성은 주파수 재산권 배분에서 당연한 것으로 받아들여져서는 안될 것이다. 경매가 잘 못 설계될 경우 당초에 의도하였던 것과는 달리 비효율적인 주파수 배분이 이루어 질 수도 있게 될 뿐만 아니라, 전파관리에 부정적인 영향을 줄 수 있기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 주파수 재산권 경매방식 설계시 고려해야 할 핵심요소와 논점들을 기존의 경매이론과 주요국의 경험을 토대로 논의하였다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2022

This scientific article is devoted to the study of the legal significance of such a category of legal status of the purchaser of another's thing, as its good faith. The essence of this phenomenon has been studied, it has been established that the criterion of good faith attaches significant importance to the claims of the participants of these relations for the acquisition or preservation of private property rights. The paper emphasizes that, in addition to the importance of good conscience at the time of possession of another's thing, which gives legal certainty the possibility of registration of the title and is part of the actual composition for the acquisition of property or the right of ancient possession, bona fides also characterizes the behavior of the occupier. In this case, good conscience only has some legal consequences when it is opposed to subjective law. Under such conditions, it acquires direct legal significance, including as a condition for the acquisition and protection of rights. Good faith possession of another's property is an internal indicator of the subject's awareness of a certain property status. This sense, the article assesses this status from the standpoint of the scientific concept of the visibility of law. According to this theory, prescription is also considered as a consequence of the appearance of law, however, because it arises and lasts against the will of the parties and despite their awareness of this fact. Therefore, bona fide continuous and open possession of property as one's own, during the acquisition period, was most significantly associated with the appearance of property. Therefore, the concept of good faith, in the sense of personal perception of real values, is closely related to the principle of protection of the appearance of law, as it is aimed at understanding it by third parties. The paper notes certain differences in the application of the theory of the appearance of the right in the acquisition of property by a bona fide purchaser from an unauthorized alienator and the acquisitive prescription. It is emphasized that such a mechanism must be used in presuming the attitude to the thing as its own, by the holder of movable property. But there should be exceptions to the rule, in particular, if the owner has grounds for vindication of the thing.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.79-102
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• 2014

병행수입은 진정상품을 제3자가 국내의 상표권자 또는 전용사용권자의 허락 없이 수입하는 행위를 말한다. 이는 국가 간 가격 차이에 의해서 발생하게 되고 일반적으로 국제무역과 지적재산권에 영향을 주게 된다. 본 논문은 한국과 중국의 병행수입제도에 대해 특허권, 상표권, 저작권 등 지적재산권법을 중심으로 살펴보고 양국의 병행수입 허용여부와 그 기준을 비교분석한다. 양국 모두 지적재산권법 상에서 병행수입제도를 규정하고 있지 않으나 법원의 판례를 통해 병행수입이 허용되고 있다. 중국은 특히 상표법과 저작권법과 달리 특허법상에 병행수입의 이론의 근거가 되는 권리소진에 대해 최초로 규정하고 있다. 한국은 권리소진에 대한 규정 또한 두고 있지 않지만 관세청고시를 통해 병행수입의 허용과 상표에 있어서 그 기준을 고시하고 있다. 그러나 양국의 이러한 규정은 병행수입의 지적재산권 침해 여부의 실체법적인 기준이 되지 못하는 한계가 있다. 향후 양국에 있어 병행수입이 더욱 확대될 것으로 예상될 때 무역마찰을 피하고 지적재산권을 보호하기 위해 이에 대한 대책이 필요하다. 즉 지적재산권법상 병행수입에 대한 정의, 절차, 책임문제와 상대방의 구제 등에 대한 규정이 마련되어야 할 것이며, 병행수입의 활성화를 위해 독점수입대리점의 권리남용을 억제할 수 있어야 하고 소비자 보호를 위한 사후서비스 관리 등의 조치가 필요하다. 나아가 병행수입에 대한 양국의 실무적인 논의의 장이 마련될 수 있도록 하여야 할 것이다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.300-304
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• 2022

The central feature of a digital society is the presence of a significant volume of digital services. The main research-analytical goal of the work is to identify the characteristic features of digital services, to classify and compare various types of digital services, to study the main levers for the development of digital services, the principal determinants of the observance and implementation of digital rights, to identify the dominant threats regarding the violation of digital rights, to analyze the features of legal relations that arise between the supplier and the consumer of digital technologies, consider the available taxation options for the digital economy. The work uses the following methods and research methods: hermeneutic, forecasting, in particular, extrapolation, analysis and synthesis, comparative. Research results: the definition of the concept of "digital service" is given, its main characteristics and types, according to the level of digitalization, the states-leaders are identified, slowing down, promising and problematic, the main triggers of slowing digitalization in some EU countries are investigated, by analyzing the regulatory legal acts of the European Commission on digitalization the strategy of the EU's actions to increase the degree of digitalization was determined, the positive and negative effects of digital services concerning the observance of human rights and freedoms were highlighted, the issue of levying taxes from digital companies was investigated.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.785-794
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• 2015

To obtain low resistance and high efficiency energy-saving ship, minimum total resistance hull form design method is studied based on potential flow theory of wave-making resistance and considering the effects of tail viscous separation. With the sum of wave resistance and viscous resistance as objective functions and the parameters of B-Spline function as design variables, mathematical models are built using Nonlinear Programming Method (NLP) ensuring the basic limit of displacement and considering rear viscous separation. We develop ship lines optimization procedures with intellectual property rights. Series60 is used as parent ship in optimization design to obtain improved ship (Series60-1) theoretically. Then drag tests for the improved ship (Series60-1) is made to get the actual minimum total resistance hull form.