• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.767-792
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• 2009

The two fields, economics of art and literature, tend to be put together as part of cultural economic studies; yet the former has been widely popular as compared to the latter. Economics of art has been known as part of social science which studies art economically. Similarly, economics of literature is likely to be an interdisciplinary study of literature and economics. Literature is suggested usually to reflect the economic base of a society as a form of its superstructure in view of classical Marxism; so, it is interesting to see social, economic activities, such as individual values and social institutions, income, price and opportunity cost, in a particular way of analyzing economic ideas in literature. Capital seems to have an innate property of self-expansion in literature; this property thus features actual economic life since in capitalism money is the universal value between persons and literary works. Specifically, the field of economics of literature starts with such ideas: economics of literature is part of cultural economics; and economics of literature deals with the economic value of literature. Putting interdisciplinary fields of literature and economics together, this study is to examine the economic value of literature in which Karl Marx talked about commodities with exchange value, use value, and fetishism. The exchange value is commercial worth, the actual exchange value of a publication; yet, the use value is innate worth, the aesthetic use value of literature. With commodity fetishism, profit seems not as the outcome of a social relation, but of a work- "reification" as the would-be Marxists suggest. As a commodity, the literary work appears to be able to animate life and power in reality. As a result, this paper asserts that social, economical activities in literature as we may apply to the study of economics of literature increase its economic value, implying commercial and innate worth, as the capital in the marketplace.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.1 s.79
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• pp.253-269
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• 2006

This study examined the economic structure of male one-person households, and investigated how it differed by male's age and marital status. Specifically household incomes, expenditure patterns, assets, debts, and other demographic variables were compared by age and marital status. From the 2000 National Survey of Household Income and Expenditure conducted by Korea National Statistical Office(KNSO), 1,389 male one-person households were selected. The findings of this study were as follows: First, the economic status of male one-person households was unstable. They were more likely to depend on labor incomes and transfer incomes, and had less property incomes and total assets. Their average propensity to consumption was higher than that of general households. Second, the economic structure of male one-person households showed large differ+useholders in age 50s allocated $48\%$ of household expenditure to the non- consumption categories, especially child or (ex)spouse support payments. The economic status of householders in age 60s and over was inferior to those of the other groups. Third, there were considerable differences in the economic status of male householders who had different marital status. Divorced and separated males had higher incomes and expenditures, but assigned large portion of their incomes to the non-consumption categories. Widowers' level of economic living, such as incomes, expenditures, and assets, was the worst among male one-person households.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.315-321
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• 2007

The Jik-ji has been proved as the oldest historical property in the world. And Now we are trying to make Jik-Ji as the representative cultural brand of Chung-buk. This paper analysed deterministic factors of the total satisfaction and consumption expenditure at the Jik-JI Festival, based on econometric method. We obtained several results. As expected we got positive relation between economic variable like income and satisfaction - expenditure of participants, but we didn't get anticipated results from demographic variables. Or so, men have high degree of satisfaction and expenditure, compared to women. But participants from outside Chung-buk had negative relations to satisfaction and expenditure of the event. Therefore, in order to develop Jik-Ji Festival as world-wide festival, it is necessary to build long term master plan and public organization of Jik-Ji Festival.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.25-46
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• 2003

Marine recreational fishing is one of the most popular outdoor leisures and the number of people who are participating is sharply increasing more and more because of the increasement of their income and demand for marine leisure. However our ecosystem is inevitably facing marine environmental deterioration and overfishing. That is because marine recreational fisheries resources are common property resources which can be catched by anyone not willing to pay for them except their private costs as commercial fisheries. Also fisheries resources unlike other resources are renewable resources and have a critical zone. That is, having a possibility of severe depletion may result from high discount rates used by private exploiters. This paper is focused on that marine recreational fishing license system which is adopted in most advanced countries such as Canada and U.S. and included in deterioration. And money obtained by license fee should be spent for more improvement fishing culture and welfare for marine recreational fishers.This system can lower the high rates of discount and be useful to become a sustainable marine recreational fishing industry.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.265-277
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• 2001

This paper aims at overviewing Korean fisheries profile with a view on why Korean fisheries need marine ranching program as a new fisheries paradigm - a community-based co-management approach and drawing some policy implications from the advanced experience in fisheries. The aims of community-based co-management approach as a planned approach can be set out under the planning objectives of efficiency and equity. In this context Tongyeong marine ranching program is an important government-sponsored pilot enterprise. Experiences in the advanced fisheries such as Canadian Snow-Crab case suggest that in order to be successful for marine ranching be successful it is necessary that (i) there should be high-value species, (ii) property right should be established, (iii) there should be the reasonable number of participants involved, (iv) the participants and the government should be able to share resource enhancement/management/utilization responsibilities and associated fisheries management expenses. Among these, management cost sharing based on the practical partnership between fishing communities and government is of particular importance because the government must have a full responsibility for all ranching program expenditure unless revenues sufficient to guarantee reasonable income and to share management cost are generated from the ranching business.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1951-1966
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• 2020

Recent advancements in mobile device technology have enabled real-time positioning so that mobile patterns of people and favorable locations can be identified and related researches have become plentiful. One of the fields of research is the relationship between the object properties and the favored location to visit. The object properties of a person include personality, which is a major property jobs, income, gender, and age. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between the human personality and the preference of the location to visit. We used Spearman's Rank correlation coefficient, one of the many methods that can be used to determine the correlation between two variables. Instead of using actual data values, Spearman's Rank correlation coefficient deals with the ranks of the two data sets. In our research, the personality and the location data sets are used. Our personality data is ranked in five ranks and the location data is ranked in 8 ranks. Spearman's Rank correlation coefficient showed better results compared to Pearson linear correlation coefficient and Kendall rank correlation coefficient. Using Spearman's correlation coefficient, the degree of the relationship between the personality and the location preference is found to be 43%.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.151-173
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• 2011

Whenever several natural disasters hit Korea with huge damage of property loss and death toll, government spends huge sums of money for rehabilitation of devastated areas every year. It's time to discuss about a natural disaster insurance, which is a long-term as well as precautionary measure. It is advisable to discuss government involvement through the natural disaster insurance, implementation of countermeasures against natural disasters. The natural disasters insurance have to executed as follows, 1) introducing natural disaster insurance with characteristics of social welfare, which makes fast recovery and anxiety reduction in the low-income bracket. 2) advisable to mix the methods of microinsurance including the natural disaster and index insurance.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.127-131
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was 1) to analyze the attitudes about Senior Congregate Housing(SCH) among 4 urban areas, 2) to propose the various model for SCH which should be provided to satisfy the demand. Same opinions among 4 urban areas were ; 1) Whom were willing to move into SCH for later life, most of them were in early 50s. Most of the respondents desired to be serviced community alarm system preferred one-room style, size of 11 ${\sim}$ 15 Pyung, and preferred living at suburban area The multi-family type was preferred when not being healthy and be singled, but if healthy, preferred the type of single detached house. And they preferred the home ownership, highly valued of heating control system, health care and leisure programs. But different opinions among 4 urban areas were ; 2) Willingness live in SCH for later life had little difference in level of income, education, property. Especially, residents of Seoul Metropolitan area and Busan did not want to open their own common facilities to the public.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.163-174
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was 1) to analyze the attitudes about Senior Congregate Housing(SCH) among 4 urban areas, 2) to propose the various model for SCH which should be provided to satisfy the demand. Same opinions among 4 urban areas were ; 1) Whom were willing to move into SCH for later life, most of them were in early 50s. Most of the respondents desired to be serviced community alarm system, preferred one-room style, size of 11∼15 Pyung, and preferred living at suburban area. The multi-family type was preferred when not being healthy and be singled, but if healthy, preferred the type of single detached house. And they preferred the home ownership, highly valued of heating control system, health care and leisure programs. Thus for the future SCH, it should be designed all facilities were equipped with sports facilities, sauna and leisure programs. The findings indicated that the high rates of supporting with professional management for 24 hours by turn. But different opinions among 4 urban areas were; 2) Willingness live in SCH for later life had little difference in level of income, education, property. Especially, residents of Seoul Metropolitan area and Busan did not want to open their own common facilities to the public.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2023

After the outbreak of the COVID-19 in the early 2020, Korea has attempted to reinforce the existing rent controls to help the low-income households. From July 2000, the tenants' right of lease renewal came into effect, as a policy tool to enforce the upper bound percentage of rent increases within Korea. Purpose: This study aims to examine the impact of rent control on the uncontrolled rents in Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA). Research design, data and methodology: The study regresses the monthly panel data from 58 municipalities in SMA from January 2020 to March 2022, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The data indicates that the policy had the effect of lowering rents for a period of two months, and subsequently monetary policy including quantitative easing and low interest rates, coupled with asset market bubbles lead to rent increases. During the sample data period, the quantity of money supply increased by 12.6% and CPI rose by 3.0%, these phenomena collectively increased the rents by up to 14.7%. Conclusions: The results of the present study support the findings of earlier studies in part: namely, that rent control without the government's steps to stabilize the property price may have an undesirable effect on rental tenants.