• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.423-433
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• 2014

For the proper decision making and responsibility enhancement for an unexpected accident in large-scale facilities, it is important to train operators or first responders to minimize potential human errors and consequences resulted from them. Simulation technologies, including human-computer interaction and virtual reality, enables personnel to participate in simulated hazardous situations with a safe, interactive, repetitive way to perform these training activities. For the development of accident response training simulator, it is necessary to define components comprising the simulator and to integrate them for the given training purpose. In this paper, we analyze requirements of the training simulator, derive key components, and design the training simulator. Based on the design, we developed a prototype training simulator and verified the simulator through experiments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.129-130
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• 2019

In this research, we determine the proper number of entrances in the evacuation facilities for civil and military personnel. The current standards on the emergency evacuation facility only sets the number of possible evacuees and the according architectural floor area since the evacuation have been completed. However, other than static standards such as the floor area, there is needs to consider the dynamic standards along with allowable evacuation time such as the number of entrance, staircases and so on. Therefore, we need to consider the number of entrances and their location in order to account for the allowed evacuation time of particular number of people in a set area. The outcome could be contributed to the standards which should contain the dynamic conditions associated with evacuation.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.42
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• pp.39.1-39.5
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• 2020

Background: Head or scalp injury is a life-threatening and typically accidental human injury. Most medical departments require immediate medical treatment and proper treatment with specialized medical personnel and facilities. However, in low-resource environments, such as the rural region of West Africa, the authors have treated emergency trauma patients and provided immediate treatment despite lack of resources. Case presentation: We reviewed three cases of scalp injury patients, with representative clinical information, and used these cases to outline feedback on scalp trauma treatment based on the specialty knowledge of general and emergency surgeon. Conclusions: Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are medical specialists that can immediately diagnose and treat these scalp injuries based on their medical knowledge and experience with the maxillofacial region.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.328-334
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• 2024

This study uses Pathfinder software to simulate and analyze the safe evacuation of university dormitory occupants. Fire safety issues in densely populated dormitory buildings are gaining increasing attention, and improving emergency evacuation efficiency is crucial for reducing the harm caused by fire incidents. The study focuses on a student dormitory building in a university, simulating different evacuation scenarios and analyzing the impact of factors such as evacuation routes, personnel distribution, exit width, and stair width on evacuation time. Based on the actual dormitory conditions, parameters such as gender ratio, height range, shoulder width, and walking speed of the occupants were set, and evacuation times in various scenarios were compared.The simulation results show that proper planning of evacuation routes and increasing stair width significantly reduced evacuation times. The study recommends that universities establish systematic emergency response plans, conduct regular evacuation drills, optimize student dormitory layouts, and consider increasing stair width in dormitory building designs to improve evacuation efficiency and safety.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.217-233
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• 1998

Foodservice management practices in 52 educare centers in Jeonbuk province were evaluated in order to provide basic informations and guidelines for the standardization of foodservice management and facilities in the educare centers. The survey was conducted using the structured questionnaire. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Only 10% of the centers investigated had the stationed dietitian, therefore most of foodservice management was not conducted by a professional personnel. The average number of kitchen employees was 1.3 and significantly different with type(p<0.05) and size(p<0.001) of the centers, which was not enough to meet the regulation. 2. Menu planning was performed mostly(59.6%) by managers and teachers of educare centers. Food items were purchased(94.7%) and recieved(91.6%) by kitchen employees or center managers and teachers. Produced foods were also evaluated(97.7%) and distributed(100%) by kitchen employees or center managers and teachers depending on their experience without any supervision of the professional personnel for the mass production. 3. Among the centers studied, 84.6% of them conducted nutrition education programs regularly by teachers. About 77.3% of them evaluated that these programs did not accomplish the proper training for good food habit because of the lack of nutritional knowledge(54.5%) and educational media(27.3%). 4. In general, the hygienic maintenance was evaluated as fair state to need the improvement. 5. Kitchen facilities and equipments were similar to those of home cooking and did not meet the standards for institutional practices. Besides, automated machinery and tools for safety, sanitation and improvement of work efficiency were far short. 6. Log book for the foodservice management was not prepared properly, which made the systematic planning and operation of the foodservice facilities difficult.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.596-605
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• 2016

Since the Denial of Service Attack against multiple targets in the Korean network in private and public sectors in 2009, Korea has spent a great amount of its budget to build strong Internet infrastructure against DDoS attacks. As a result of the investments, many major governments and corporations installed dedicated DDoS defense systems. However, even organizations equipped with the product based defense system often showed incompetency in dealing with DDoS attacks with little variations from known attack types. In contrast, by following a capacity centric DDoS detection method, defense personnel can identify various types of DDoS attacks and abnormality of the system through checking availability of service resources, regardless of the types of specific attack techniques. Thus, the defense personnel can easily derive proper response methods according to the attacks. Deviating from the existing DDoS defense framework, this research study introduces a capacity centric DDoS detection methodology and provides methods to mitigate DDoS attacks by applying the methodology.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.652-658
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• 2009

As the rate of personnel expenses of contact center operating costs is the highest, we can reduce operating costs, if we answer a automatic phone call wholly or partially. The MCS(Managed Contact Services) play an important role in cost reduction and work efficiency related with voice self-services. The excellent functions of the MCS are able to implement self-service applications in network connected with effective network routing of the enterprise. The MCS makes a proper consultant rapidly response and process customer calls, improve customer processing services, and consequently increase customer satisfaction. The increase of customer satisfaction lead to improve profits and reduce the cost of building contact center infrastructure. In this paper, we analyze the contact center line capacity and PBX capacity based on the MCS. We can reduce communication costs and personnel expenses by reducing the call shifting need between consultants and rapidly solving customer questions with the MCS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.520-523
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• 2010

In the field of network sense for the Ubiquitous environment, the technology of RFID is a significant part. Due to the real time processing of information and the property of network, RFID has been used in service field such as distribution, administrative control of physical distribution, remote measuring device, and security, instead of currently used bar-code. The management system of port facilities using the current RFID technology has the effects of reducing working hours and improvement in data processing, but it is not proper for human resource allocation since it is dominantly worked for physical resources. In this paper, we designed and implemented personnel control system using RFID of 2.4GHz in port facilities which presents a monitoring system for safety operation and increase of efficiency using RFID in order to overcome the limitations and problems of current port operation management techniques.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.588-593
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• 2022

In the highly contagious coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) are associated with high-risk of transmission. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is a procedure with the potential to cause dissemination of bodily fluids. At present, there is no consensus that endoscopy is defined as an AGP. This review discusses the current evidence on this topic with additional management. Prevailing publications on coronavirus related to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and aerosolization from the PubMed and Scopus databases were searched and reviewed. Comparative quantitative analyses showed a significant elevation of particle numbers, implying that aerosols were generated by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The associated source events have also been reported. To reduce the dispersion, certain protective measures have been developed. Endoscopic unit protocols are recommended for the concerned personnel. Therefore, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy should be classified as an AGP. Proper practices should be adopted by healthcare workers and patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.108-122
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• 1986

Changing concepts of health care, are stimulating the demand for health care, thereby orienting society to health care rights to such an extent that they are deemed as fundamental ones inalienable to man. Concomitantly, qualitative as well as quantative improvement is being sought in the nursing service field. Today, efforts are being made in various areas, especially to qualitatively improve nursing services. A second issue concerns proper staffing. It is important to study staffing, in as much as it continues to be the most persistent and critical problem facing hospital nursing administrators today. It involves quantity, quality, and utilization of nursing personnel. A great deal of attention has been focused on this problem since mid 1930's when nursing services began to be felt as an important segment of hospital operation representing the largest single item of hospital budgets. Traditionally, the determination and allocation of nursing personnel resources has relied heavily on gloval approaches which make use of fixed staff-to-patient ratios. It has long been recognized that these ratios are insensitive to variations between institutions and among individual patients. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to point to the urgent need for the development of methodology and criteria suited to the reality of Korea. The present research selected one place, the W Christian Hospital, and was conducted over a period 10 days from January, and nurses who were them on duty in their unit. The total num-her of patients surveyed was 1,426 and that of 354. The research represents many variables affecting the direct patient care time using the result from the direct observation method, then using a calculation method to estimate the relationship between the patients care time and selected variables in the hospital setting. The amount of direct patient care time varies with many factors, such 89 the patients age. diagnosis and time in hospital. Differences are also found from hospital, clinic to clinic, ward to ward, and even shift to shift. In this research, the calculation method of estimating the required member of nursing staff is obtained by dividing the time of productive patient care activity(with the time of patient care observed), by the sum of the productive time that each the staff can supply, i.e., 360 minutes, which is obtained by deducting the time for personal activities. The results indicate a substantial difference between the time of productive patient care observed directing and the time of the productive patient care estimated using calculating method. If we know accurately the time of the direct patient care on a shift, there required number of staff members calculated if the proper method can be determinded should be able the time of the direct patient care be estimated by the patient classification system, but this research has shown this system to be in accurate in Korea. There are differences in the recommended time of productive patient care and the required number of nursing staff depending upon which method is used. The calculated result is not very accurate, so more research is needed on the patient classification system.