• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.2425-2427
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• 2012

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the first enzyme in the polyamine biosynthesis, plays an important role in tumor progression, cell proliferation and differentiation. In recent years, ODC has been the subject of intense study among researchers, as a target for anti-cancer therapy and specific inhibitory agents, have the potential to suppress carcinogenesis and find applications in clinical therapy. In particular, it is suggested that ODC is a promising candidate target for natural products in cancer chemoprevention. Future exploration of ornithine decarboxyalse inhitors present in nature may offer great hope for finding new cancer chemporeventive agents.

• Oncology Letters
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.2576-2582
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• 2019

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is an unusual disease occurring in pregnancy that originates from abnormal trophoblastic cells and comprises a group of diseases with different properties of invasion, metastasis and recurrence. The GTD group includes hydatidiform moles and gestational trophoblastic neoplasms (GTNs), with GTNs being divided into invasive moles, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumors and epithelioid trophoblastic tumors. The present review focuses on current effective treatments for GTD, including conventional and novel promising direct enzyme prodrug therapies (DEPTs). Conventional therapies, such as chemotherapy and hysterectomy, are currently used in a clinical setting; however, the use of diverse DEPTs, including antibody-DEPT and gene-DEPT is also being attempted to cure GTNs. In addition, gene delivery tools using genetically engineered neural stem cells (NSCs) are presently being examined for the treatment of GTNs. The tumor-tropism of NSCs by chemoattractant factors is a unique characteristic of these cells and can serve as a vehicle to deliver anticancer agents. Previous studies have demonstrated that injection with NSC-expressing suicide genes into xenograft animal models has a significant inhibitory effect on tumor growth. Stem cells can be genetically engineered to express anticancer genes, which migrate to the metastatic sites and selectively target cancer cells, and are considered to effectively target metastatic GTNs. However, the safety issue of stem cell therapy, such as tumorigenesis, remains a challenge. Novel therapies comprising a combination of conventional and novel promising treatments are anticipated to be definitive treatments for metastasized and/or recurrent patients with GTNs.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.510-516
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• 2015

In this review, lipid A, from its discovery to recent findings, is presented as a drug target and therapeutic molecule. First, the biosynthetic pathway for lipid A, the Raetz pathway, serves as a good drug target for antibiotic development. Several assay methods used to screen for inhibitors of lipid A synthesis will be presented, and some of the promising lead compounds will be described. Second, utilization of lipid A biosynthetic pathways by various bacterial species can generate modified lipid A molecules with therapeutic value.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.79-82
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• 2019

⁶¹Cu is a promising PET radiometal having favorable nuclear decay characteristics with appropriate half-life of 3.3 h. Owing its promising capabilities in radiopharmaceutical chemistry and its chemical similarities with its isotopes ⁶⁴Cu and ⁶⁷Cu, in this work we have tried to optimize the production and separation conditions of ⁶¹Cu. ⁶¹Cu was produced via (p, x) reaction with natural nickel which was electroplated on the high purity silver coated copper backing target holder. The optimization of target electrodeposition, beam energy and current modulation, target dissolution and separation were optimized in this study. Preliminary studies show that ⁶¹Cu was successfully produced and separated which can be further extended for the production of ⁶⁴Cu and ⁶⁷Cu.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권12호
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• pp.833-839
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• 2008

Angiogenesis in tumors is driven by multiple growth factors that activate receptor tyrosine kinases. An important driving force of angiogenesis in solid tumors is signaling through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFRs). Angiogenesis inhibitors that target this signaling pathway are now in widespread use for the treatment of cancer. However, when used alone, inhibitors of VEGF/VEGFR signaling do not destroy all blood vessels in tumors and do not slow the growth of most human cancers. VEGF/VEGFR signaling inhibitors are, therefore, used in combination with chemotherapeutic agents or radiation therapy. Additional targets for inhibiting angiogenesis would be useful for more efficacious treatment of cancer. One promising target is the signaling pathway of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor (HGFR, also known as c-Met), which plays important roles in angiogenesis and tumor growth. Inhibitors of this signaling pathway have been shown to inhibit angiogenesis in multiple in vitro and in vivo models. The HGF/c-Met signaling pathway is now recognized as a promising target in cancer by inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2016

The optimal estimation of a bearing only target tracking problem be achieved through the solution of the Fokker-Planck equation and the Bayesian update. Recently, a nonlinear filtering algorithm using a direct quadrature method of moments in which the associated Fokker-Planck equation can be propagated efficiently and accurately was proposed. Although this approach has demonstrated its promising in the field of nonlinear filtering in several examples, the "degeneracy" phenomenon, similar to that which exists in a typical particle filter, occasionally appears because only the weights are updated in the modified Bayesian rule in this algorithm. Therefore, in this paper to enhance the performance, a more stable measurement update process based upon the update equation in the Extended Kalman filters and a more accurate initialization and re-sampling strategy for weight and abscissas are proposed. Simulations are used to show the effectiveness of the proposed filter and the obtained results are promising.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2002

Two charging methods of electrostatic nozzle, i.e. induction and ionized field corona charging, were designed and evaluated for orchard sprayer application. An artificial (metallic) target was constructed and used in this experiment. The charge-to-mass ratio for the induction electrode was measured by using the Faraday cage. Two conventional pressure-swirl nozzles have been employed with different orifice diameters under the same experimental operating conditions. A commercial pressure-swirl nozzle with orifice diameter of 1.0 was used for the conventional spray. The diameter of the electrostatic was 0.59 mm. The experiment was carried out for individual nozzle sprays at $0^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$ and $50^{\circ}$ oriented angles and three nozzles, sprayed simultaneously at a distance of 1.0 and 2.0 m from the nozzle tip to the target. The nozzles were mounted on a carriage with constant speed of 1.26 km/h with a blower attached. The weighing method was employed to evaluate for the spray deposition, ground loss and estimated drift. The results show more promising for the induction charging method, especially at $20^{\circ}$oriented angle at a distance of 1.0 m from the target for a single nozzle and when all three nozzles were operated simultaneously for spray deposition. The results of the induction charging method show promising with the developed electrostatic technique.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to understand the adaptive responses of different modes of physical exercises utilizing skeletal muscle and the comprehensive relevance of AMPK signaling that can be activated by physical exercise as a potential molecular target in human health problems such as neuromuscular disorders (NMDs). METHODS: Most of the contents in this review article are based on recent publications concerning the main topics of interest. The reference literatures cited were obtained by basic searches of overseas academic databases such as PubMed and ScienceDirect using EndNote X7.8. RESULTS: The phenotypic adaptive responses of skeletal muscle during endurance- and resistance-based exercise training (ET and RT respectively) appear to be distinct. To explain the adaptive responses in each single mode of exercises (ET, RT) along with combined exercise training (CT), AMPK signaling is proposed as an important molecular link among those differential modes of exercise and a promising molecular target of NMDs. CONCLUSION: Based on the available evidence, intracellular AMPK signaling activated by diverse stimuli including physical exercise can be a potential and promising therapeutic target for the prevention, amelioration or cure of various human health problems including NMDs and may also be beneficial for physical rehabilitation and emergency situations that may elicit acute metabolic stresses.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.187-194
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• 2022

Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), a significant member of the PRMT family, is a promising anticancer target. In this study, novel small compounds that act against the PRMT5 target are found by combining virtual screening with ChEMBL database medicines and Density Functional Theory. The ChEMBL database compounds were screened to retrieve the hit molecules, which further subjected for DFT analysis. Finally we have evaluated that ChEMBL- approved drugs such as Lifitegrast, Abiraterone acetate and Solifenacin may be potential inhibitors for PRMT5.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.777-782
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• 2002

The range profile is easily obtainable and promising feature vector in the aspect of real-time radar target recognition system. However, the range profile is highly dependent on a aspect angle of a target and this dependence make it difficult the recognition over wide-angular region. In this paper, we propose the classifier with subclass concept in order to solve this dependence problem. Recognition results using six aircraft models measured at compact range facility are presented to show the effectiveness of this proposed classifier over wide-angular region.