• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.96-109
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• 2022

This study aims to identify the role and the use of landscape architects as a core strategy in urban regeneration projects by project type. This study attempted to find ways to promote landscape architects' participation patterns and characteristics in promoting urban regeneration and revitalization plans. Among the New Deal projects, from 2017 to 2019, when the urban regeneration projects were promoted, a total of 822 projects with terms such as park, garden, landscaping, rest space, forest, greening, planting, and flowers were included, In this study, an integrated approach was applied, considering the status of landscape architects participation, a literature survey by project entity, analysis of prior research, revitalization plan reports, and interviews by project entity, and aspects and characteristics of landscape architects participation according to project type. The results were classified. In the urban regeneration projects, the landscape characteristics were analyzed in terms of hardware or software participation methods according to the project type, and the participation patterns and promotion measures of landscape architecture and ways to promote them identified in the course of the project are as follows. First, the role and participation pattern of landscape architects in urban regeneration projects differed depending on the type of project. As the prerequisites for each type of project, the subject of the project, the direction, the differentiation of the regeneration strategy for each project, and the level of participation of residents interacted in a complex way. The participation of landscape architects has changed and expanded its meaning and role. Second, the change and value of the expanded the participation method of landscape architects in the urban regeneration project and appeared as a multi-purpose and complex role in the process of a project, indicating that the value of landscape in the classical sense is changing and its substantive aspect depends on the type of project. Third, this study confirmed the importance of recognizing the role and value of 'landscape architecture' as a strategic and practical means of regeneration that can be utilized. Therefore, in order to promote the participation of landscape architects, diversification is required through changes in participation methods according to urban regeneration strategies for each project, rather than participation focused on hardware projects, such as park creation in terms of form and place. In addition, it was confirmed that the participation of landscape architects, which play an important role in fostering a sense of community among residents as an experience and activity program, should be further activated in terms of the process of the ideal way of existence. This study is meaningful in that it substantially grasps that the role of landscape architects is expanding as the subject of urban regeneration projects, and presents the direction for its promotion. Participation and research should be continued.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.355-369
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to find the effects of long-term combined exercise on regional bone mineral density(BMD) and cardiovascular disease(CVD) risk factors in the elderly with osteoporosis(OP). For the purpose, the subjects of this study were separated by two groups with thirty-one elderly women, who the first group was combined exercise group(CEG, n=16) and second group was non exercise group(CON, n=15). The combined exercise program was made up of warm-up (10min), work-out (aerobic; 30~45min/HRR 40~60%, resistance; 1RM * 50-70%, 8-10 * 2set ~ 10-15 * 1set), and cool-down (10min). Exercise group of the inspection have been trained 5 times a week for 1years. The results : At first, the variables of regional BMD were significantly different to pelvis, spine, trunk and T-score in two groups. At second, the variables of CVD risk factors were significantly different to SBP and DBP as well as TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C in two groups. As results of these conclusion, this study have positively effect shown that CEG was superior to CON in regional BMD(pelvis, spine, trunk and T-score), blood pressure(SBP, DBP) and plasma lipids(TC, TG, and LDL-C). Especially, the long-term combined exercise was provides a striking overall health quality of life with improving BMD and reduced CVD risk factors in the elderly with OP. In the future, other researches should deal with specific measures that reduction in mortality due to chronic disease and improvement quality of life for the development of programs in multiple researches of osteoporosis and chronic diseases.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.1155-1167
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of falls, fear of falling, perceived health status, and number of disease according to cognitive function in community-dwelling the elderly women. This study utilized a descriptive survey design. Data were collected for six months with 311 elderly women who visited in public health center at S city. After obtaining Institutional Review Board(IRB) approval, a face-to-face, and private interview was conducted with each participant who was eligible and agreed to participate in this study by trained graduate-level nursing students. The questionnaires consisted of MoCA-K, K-MMSE, Fall Efficacy Scale, PHS scale. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 17.0 program, which was used descriptive statistics, Chi-Square test and t-test, Correlation. The major findings of this study were as follows; 1) The average age of the subjects was 71.68±5.13 and cognitive function score was 22.14±4.32. approximately 35% of participants had fallen within one year. 2) there were significant differences in perceived health status according to cognitive function. 3) fear of fall and cognitive function, perceived health status and cognitive function were significant correlation. In conclusion, this study will contribute to establish strategies for preventing fall. Interventions for fall prevention and fear of fall enhancement should be developed with the consideration of the level of cognitive function in the elderly. Reducing the fear of falling through the comprehensive nursing intervention will ultimately improve the quality of life in the elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2024

As urbanization progresses, the demand for parks and green space is increasing. Park green spaces in the city are important spaces in the city because they are recognized as spaces where people can freely engage in outdoor activities. The park service area is a measure that shows the extent to which services are provided based on distance. In this process, the concept of accessibility plays an important role, and walking, in particular, as the most basic means of transportation for people and has a great influence on the use of parks. However, the current park service area analysis focuses on discovering underprivileged areas, so detailed evaluation of beneficiary areas is insufficient. This study seeks to evaluate park service areas based on the pedestrian accessibility and the pedestrian network. Park services are services that occur when users directly visit the park, and accessibility is expected to be reflected in terms of usability. To quantify the pedestrian network, this study used space syntax to analyze pedestrian accessibility based on integration values. The integration values are an indicators that quantify the level of accessibility of the pedestrian network, and in this study, the higher the integration value, the higher the possibility of park use. The results of the study are as follows. First, Bundang-gu's park service area accounts for 43%, and includes most sections with high pedestrian accessibility, but some sections with good pedestrian accessibility are excluded. This can be seen as a phenomenon that occurs when residential areas and commercial and business areas are given priority during the urban planning process, and then park and green areas are selected. Second, based on Bundang-gu, the park service area and pedestrian accessibility within the park service area were classified by neighborhood unit. Differences appear for each individual neighborhood unit, and it is expected that the availability of the park will vary accordingly. In addition, even in areas created during the same urban planning process, there were differences in the evaluation of park service areas according to pedestrian accessibility. Using this, it is possible to evaluate individual neighborhood units that can be reflected in living area plans, and it can be used as a useful indicator in park and green space policies that reflect this in the future.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.9-21
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• 2024

Objective : The purpose of this study was to confirm the characteristics and quality of a single-subject research that conducted interventions to improve activities of daily living (ADL) in stroke patients. Methods : 'Stroke,' 'activities of daily living,' and 'single-subject studies' were searched as keywords among papers published in the last 15 years between 2009 and 2023 among Research Information Sharing Service, DBpia, and e-articles. A total of nine papers were examined for the characteristics and quality before analysis. Results : The independent variables applied to improve ADL included constraint-induced therapy, mental practice for performing functional activities, virtual reality-based task training, subjective postural vertical training without visual feedback, bilateral upper limb movement, core stability training program, traditional occupational therapy and neurocognitive rehabilitation, smooth pursuit eye movement, neck muscle vibration, and occupation-based community rehabilitation. Assessment of Motor and Process Skills was the most common evaluation tool for measuring dependent variables, with four articles, and Modified Barthel Index and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure were two articles each. As a result of confirming the qualitative level of the analyzed papers, out of a total of nine studies, seven studies were at a high level, two at a moderate level, and none were at a low level. Conclusion : Various types of rehabilitation treatments have been actively applied as intervention methods to improve the daily life activities of stroke patients; the quality level of single-subject studies applying ADL interventions was reliable.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 2024

Laying hens are known to be able to 'bio-accumulate' the health-promoting ingredients of their diet into eggs. The purpose of this study was to characterize lignan-rich eggs as functional food fed with Schisandra fruit by-product (SCP). Experimental diets were formulated using yellow corn, rice bran, soybean meal, fish meal, meat bone meal, poultry meal, vitamin premix, mineral premix, CaCO₃, and supplemented Schisandra chinensis by-product. This experiment conducted a completely randomized design with 5 treatments for 5 laying hens. Levels of SCP were fed control diet or each formulated diet containing 1%, 3%, 5% and 7% SCP powder. The weight of eggs and the lignan content in white and yolk of egg were investigated every 7 days. Egg production and egg weight were not affected by diet at less than 5% SCP in the diet, but were significantly reduced when the diet was supplemented with a high concentration of 7% SCP after 3 weeks. Yolks and white in eggs were analyzed by using a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to determine the lignans profile. Higher dietary SCP supplementation significantly increased gomisin N and schisandrin C in Acetonitrile (p<0.05). Gomisin N in egg white increased in a concentration-dependent manner, but shisandrin C not detected. These results indicated that the use of SCP powder in layering diets was effective in egg quality and for the production of lignans fortified eggs. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of Schisandra by-product with less than 5% can produce lignans-enrich eggs used as functional foods.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.59-104
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• 2023

This essay attempts to analyze the public health welfare conception within the text of the Beveridge Report and its realization via the NHS in Great Britain. Once referring to the influence of the Report to create the foundations of the 20th-century welfare system, the quest to scrutinize the original intentions of the Report and its succession to the NHS is certainly intriguing. Furthermore, when regarding the significance of public health policy for a modern state, the effort to engage in Beveridge's conception and its realization is more than timely. In light of such a premise, this paper indulges in its study by the following methods. First, the historical background of the Report - namely, the role of the spirit of the age and the experience of the Emergency Medical Service are to be analyzed to identify the origins of the welfare policies proposed by Beveridge. Furthermore, the public health welfare conception of the Report conceived from its time is reflected upon by engaging on the goal towards social welfare and public health scheme. Lastly, the aims of the NHS and its management, treatment classification, and rehabilitation program are reviewed for comparative analysis with the Report to survey the realization of Beveridge's design. In this process, this paper not only takes into account the original text of the Report - but also other essential works of law and public policy, including the NHS Constitution for England and the National Health Service Act of 1946. The intentions of this study are not bound by merely coinciding with the Report, but resonate significance via reflecting upon the Beveridgian legacy on the modern welfare state from the current perspective. The structured analysis to research the aims and policies of the Report and to compare them to the reality of the NHS may provide an opportunity to confirm the realization of Beveridge's scheme in British society. In addition, this essay is part of an academic endeavor to critically assess the past and the present of the welfare institution in the public health sector. As such, it is hopeful that the essay sheds light on further studies concerning the constructive remedies of the Korean welfare system as well.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.703-711
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• 2024

This study attempted to verify the effect of SBAR-based simulation practice on reporting confidence, communicative competence, nursing competence and debriefing satisfaction of nursing students. This study included 46 students who took the simulation practice course for third-year nursing students at one universities located in one region, The data were collected from October 30 to December 22, 2023 using a self-report questionnaire before and after simulation practice, and is a one group pretest-posttest design study. Data analysis was performed using SPSS/WIN version 26.0 program using frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, Shapiro-Wilk test, and Paired t-test. As a result of the study, the average of the reporting confidence was 5.79±1.47 before the training and 7.13±1.56 after the training, the communicative competence was 3.62±0.44 before the training and the average after the training was 4.34±0.67, the nursing competence was 2.64±0.39 before the training and 3.26±0.51 after the training, and the debriefing satisfaction was 3.57±0.51 before the training and 4.18±0.58 after the training. There was a statistically significant difference in reporting confidence(t=2.84, p=.006), communicative competence(t=-3.28, p=.001), nursing competence(t=-8.16, p<.001), debriefing satisfaction(t=2.72, p<.001) before and after SBAR-based simulation practice. Based on the results of this study, it is thought that communication education using SBAR to nursing students should be systematically carried out from the lower grade curriculum, and it is necessary to strengthen and expand reporting education using SBAR communication in various practice situations as well as simulation practical education to improve nursing competency.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.52-64
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• 2015

This research traced the characteristics of the semantic landscape, construction intent, landscape composition, and geomantic conditions of the area subject to the research based on the research methods of 'field investigation, document studies, and interviews,' centering around the entire area of Gokseong Hamheo-pavilion (Jeonnam Tangible Cultural Assets No. 160). The result of the research, specifically revealing the forms and methods by which the reciprocal view of nature and landscape composition appearing in the landscape of the entire area of Hamheo-pavilion, as part of the analysis and interpretation over the view-based construction characteristics and position of the entire area of Gokseong Hamheo-pavilion, can be summarized as follows. First, Hamheo-pavilion is a pavilion built as a resting area and as a venue for educational activities in 1543 in the nearby areas after Gwang-hyeon Sim founded Gunjichon-jeongsa for educational activities and dwelling purposes at Gunchon at the 30th year of King Jungjong. Gunchon, where Hamheo-pavilion and Gunjichon-jeongsa is located, exhibits the typical form having water in the front, facing Sunja-river(present Seomjin-river), and a mountain in the back side. Dongak-mountain, which is a guardian mountain, is in a snail-type form where cows leisurely ruminate and lie on the riverside, and the Hamheo-pavilion area is said to be an area bordering on one's way of enjoying peace and richness as it is a place with plentiful grass bushes available for cows to ruminate and lie down while sheppards may leisurely play their flutes at the riverside. The back hill of Hamheo-pavilion is a blood vessel that enters the water into the underwater palace of the turtle, and the building sitting on the turtle's back is Hamheo-pavilion, and the Guam-jodae(龜巖釣臺) and lava on the southern side below the cliff can be interpreted to be the underwater fairly land wanted by the turtle.6) Second, Hamheo-pavilion is the scenery viewpoint of Sungang-Cheongpung (3rd Scenery) and Seolsan-Nakjo(雪山落照, 9th Scenery) among the eight sceneries of Gokseong, while also the scenery viewpoint of Hamheo-Sunja(2nd Scenery) and Cheonma-Gwiam(天馬歸岩, 3rd Scenery) among the eight sceneries of Ipmyeon. On the other hand, the pavilion is reproduced through the aesthetics of bends through sensible penetration and transcendental landscape viewed based on the Confucian-topos and ethics as the four bends among the five bends of Sunja-river arranged in the 'Santaegeuk(山太極) and Sutaeguek(水太極, formation of the yin-yang symbol by the mountain and water)' form, which is alike the connection of yin and yang. In particular, when based on the description over Mujinjeong (3rd Bend), Hoyeonjeong(4th Bend), andHapgangjeong(2nd Bend) among the five bends of Sunja-river in the records of Bibyeonsainbangan-jido(duringthe 18th century) and Okgwahyeonji(1788), the scenery of the five bends of Sunja-river allow to glimpse into its reputation as an attraction-type connected scenery in the latter period of the Joseon era, instead of only being perceived of its place identity embracing the fairyland world by crossing in and out of the world of this world and nirvana. Third, Hamheo-pavilion, which exhibits exquisite aesthetics of vacancy, is where the 'forest landscape composed of old big trees such as oak trees, oriental oak trees, and pine trees,' 'rock landscape such as Guam-jodae, lava, and layered rocks' and 'cultural landscape of Gunchon village' is spread close by. In the middle, it has a mountain scenery composed of Sunja-river, Masan-peak, and Gori-peak, and it is a place where the scenery by Gori-peak, Masan-peak, Mudeung-mountain, and Seol-mountain is spread and open in $180^{\circ}$ from the east to west. Mangseo-jae, the sarangchae (men's room)of Gunjichon-jeongsa, means a 'house observing Seoseok-mountain,' which has realized the diverse view-oriented intent, such as by allowing to look up Seol-mountain or Mudeung-mountain, which are back mountains behind the front mountain, through landscape configuration. Fourth, the private home, place for educational activities, pavilion, memorial room, and graveyard of Gunji-village, where the existence and ideal is connected, is a semantic connected scenery relating to the life cycle of the gentry linking 'formation - abundance - transcendence - regression.' In particular, based on the fact that the descriptions over reciprocal views of nature regarding an easy and comfortable life and appreciations for a picturesque scene of the areas nearby Sunja-river composes most of the poetic phrases relating to Hamheo-pavilion, it can be known that Hamheo-pavilion is expressed as the key to the idea of 'understanding how to be satisfied while maintaining one's positon with a comfortable mind' and 'returning to nature,' while also being expressed of its pedantic character as a place for reclusion for training one's mind and training others through metaphysical semantic scenery.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.95-108
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• 2017

Recently, AlphaGo which is Bakuk (Go) artificial intelligence program by Google DeepMind, had a huge victory against Lee Sedol. Many people thought that machines would not be able to win a man in Go games because the number of paths to make a one move is more than the number of atoms in the universe unlike chess, but the result was the opposite to what people predicted. After the match, artificial intelligence technology was focused as a core technology of the fourth industrial revolution and attracted attentions from various application domains. Especially, deep learning technique have been attracted as a core artificial intelligence technology used in the AlphaGo algorithm. The deep learning technique is already being applied to many problems. Especially, it shows good performance in image recognition field. In addition, it shows good performance in high dimensional data area such as voice, image and natural language, which was difficult to get good performance using existing machine learning techniques. However, in contrast, it is difficult to find deep leaning researches on traditional business data and structured data analysis. In this study, we tried to find out whether the deep learning techniques have been studied so far can be used not only for the recognition of high dimensional data but also for the binary classification problem of traditional business data analysis such as customer churn analysis, marketing response prediction, and default prediction. And we compare the performance of the deep learning techniques with that of traditional artificial neural network models. The experimental data in the paper is the telemarketing response data of a bank in Portugal. It has input variables such as age, occupation, loan status, and the number of previous telemarketing and has a binary target variable that records whether the customer intends to open an account or not. In this study, to evaluate the possibility of utilization of deep learning algorithms and techniques in binary classification problem, we compared the performance of various models using CNN, LSTM algorithm and dropout, which are widely used algorithms and techniques in deep learning, with that of MLP models which is a traditional artificial neural network model. However, since all the network design alternatives can not be tested due to the nature of the artificial neural network, the experiment was conducted based on restricted settings on the number of hidden layers, the number of neurons in the hidden layer, the number of output data (filters), and the application conditions of the dropout technique. The F1 Score was used to evaluate the performance of models to show how well the models work to classify the interesting class instead of the overall accuracy. The detail methods for applying each deep learning technique in the experiment is as follows. The CNN algorithm is a method that reads adjacent values from a specific value and recognizes the features, but it does not matter how close the distance of each business data field is because each field is usually independent. In this experiment, we set the filter size of the CNN algorithm as the number of fields to learn the whole characteristics of the data at once, and added a hidden layer to make decision based on the additional features. For the model having two LSTM layers, the input direction of the second layer is put in reversed position with first layer in order to reduce the influence from the position of each field. In the case of the dropout technique, we set the neurons to disappear with a probability of 0.5 for each hidden layer. The experimental results show that the predicted model with the highest F1 score was the CNN model using the dropout technique, and the next best model was the MLP model with two hidden layers using the dropout technique. In this study, we were able to get some findings as the experiment had proceeded. First, models using dropout techniques have a slightly more conservative prediction than those without dropout techniques, and it generally shows better performance in classification. Second, CNN models show better classification performance than MLP models. This is interesting because it has shown good performance in binary classification problems which it rarely have been applied to, as well as in the fields where it's effectiveness has been proven. Third, the LSTM algorithm seems to be unsuitable for binary classification problems because the training time is too long compared to the performance improvement. From these results, we can confirm that some of the deep learning algorithms can be applied to solve business binary classification problems.