• 기술사
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.12-16
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• 1999

• 기술사
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.21-30
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• 1995

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.116-120
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• 2013

This paper proposes a novel RF MEMS dc-contact switch with stiff membrane on a quartz substrate. The uniqueness of this work lies in the utilization of a seesaw mechanism to restore the movable part to its rest position. The switching action is done by using separate pull-down and pull-up electrodes, and hence operation of the switch does not rely on the elastic recovery force of the membrane. One of the main problems faced by electrostatically actuated MEMS switches is the high operational voltages, which results from bending of the membrane, due to internal stress gradient. This is resolved by using a stiff and thick membrane. This membrane consists of flexible meanders, for easy movement between the two states. The device operates with an actuation voltage of 6.43 V, an insertion loss of -0.047 dB and isolation of -51.82 dB at 2 GHz.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2000년도 추계학술발표논문집 (상)
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• pp.51-54
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• 2000

EDI는 기업간 표준화된 거래서식을 상호합의된 통신방법을 통해서 교환하는 형태로 기업간 업무의 기반 환경을 제공한다. 전통적인 방식의 EDI는 구현이 복잡하고, VAN을 이용해 문서교환을 하는 등 높은 개발비용과 관련 소프트웨어의 폐쇄성 때문에 확산이 잘 되지 않고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 웹 기반의 분산객체를 이용하여 신뢰성 있는 XML/EDI 시스템을 설계하고 구현한다. 또, 기존의 EDI 사용자의 데이터베이스와 연동하기 위한 AnySchema라는 컴포넌트를 소개한다. XML/EDI는 VAN을 통하지 않고 인터넷을 이용하기 때문에 웹 브라우저를 사용할 수 있어 EDI 전용 소프트웨어가 필요 없다. 또, 플랫폼에 독립적이고 확장이 용이하며 복잡한 데이터를 처리할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 이기종간 데이터 교환이 수월한 XML을 이용함으로써 EDI 도입 효과를 얻을 수 있다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2000년도 추계학술발표논문집 (하)
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• pp.949-952
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• 2000

공유 저장장치에 접근할 수 있는 경로를 다중화함으로써 클러스터 파일시스템 내 한 노드에서 발생하는 결함을 허용할 수 있다. 공유 저장장치의 다중접근은 파일 이동과 파일 중복으로 이루어진다. 본 논문에서는 전역 파일 시스템의 평균 응답 시간을 줄이기 위해 파일 자원의 접근률에 따라 우선 순위를 두어 파일이동과 과일 중복 시 발생할 수 있는 클러스터 파일 시스템의 성능 저하 및 서비스 중단을 막기 위한 방법을 제안한다. 파일 자원의 접근률은 파일 처리 시에 사용되는 블록, 아이노드(mode), 슈퍼블록과 같은 자원 사용 빈도를 통해 얻어질 수 있다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.327-336
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• 1997

The major purpose of this study was to survey the professional self concept of clinical nurses. The subjects consisted of 894 nurses who are working at 10 general hospital in Daegu, Pusan, and Kyungsang-do. The nurses were surveyed from November 22, 1996 to March 7, 1997. The data were analyzed using an SPSS/PC program. The results were as follows: 1. The average score of PSCNI was 72.11 points. And average item score was 2.67 points, this score means mid level in professional self concept. 2. A comparison of the scores for the dimensions of the PSCNI were as follows: the mean item score of professional practice, 2.76 points; satisfaction, 2.39 points; communication, 2.83 points. Thus, the score for communication was highest. 3. The relationship between general characteristics and the PSCNI showed a significant difference in regard to age(P=.000), religion (P=.012), educational level(P=.001), marital status(P=.000), period of nursing career(P=.000) and position(P=.002). But, there were no significant differences with regard to the field of work. In conclusion, this study suggests that we need to develop a program for improving professional self concept of clinical nurses.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.1082-1102
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• 2002

Most of comparative studies in science teacher education so far have been conducted in terms of teacher education policy, pre- and in-service training system and curriculum, and certificate system. While such superficial information can be readily obtainable, it does not necessarily enable us to make access to reality of science teachers' professional development in respective countries, because practice in professional development among science teachers is deeply embedded into respective socio-cultural environment or climate. In order to get information on reality in science teachers' professional development, alternative approaches of research should be developed. This paper aims at pursuing an alternative way to approach reality of Japanese science teachers' professional development. An email survey of free description method with 29 in-service science teachers with a variety of years of experience in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, revealed that Japanese science teachers have developed their expertise through very close daily-based communication with their peer science teachers. At least, within their consciousness, neither formal in-service training programs, nor pre-service training programs have had much stronger effects on their professional development than such non-formal, daily-based, deep, apprenticeship-typed or in some sense, family-typed communication. The results suggest that in order to conduct meaningful comparative studies, we should take much more attention to how to make access to reality of science teachers' professional development.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.69-85
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• 1990

The purpose of this study is to offer basic data for satisfactory marital adjustment and functional communication by investigating marital adjustment, communication style and interrelationship between them, for non-professional working wives. Research was conducted form May, 1089 in Taegu on 470 subjects, who are non-professional working wives as questions and interview. For analysis of data, percentile, frequencies, ANOVA, Scheffe-test, X2-test, t-test were used, and through such research procedure the following major findings were obtained: 1) The marital adjustment of nonprofessional working wives were relatively high with 78 in percentile. 2) Among the related variables, husband's income, job, support and wife's motive of employment, job, age on the marital adjustment and husband's occupation, educational, level, income, the length of marriage and number of children, family style on the communication style have turned out o be significant. 3) Th higher the degree of emotional disclosure and the more open the verbal experesion, the higher the level of marriage adjustment, 4) In communication style, marriage adjustment was found to increase in such order as contactful style, speculative style, conventional style, and controlling style. Such were found to affect significantly marital adjustment.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1972

This study was designed to investigate differences in some aspects of value conceptions in fundamentals of nursing functions between nursing service personnel and nurse-educators. The purpose of the study was to identify the difference of value conceptions between the hospital nurses and school instructors, to contribute as a reference in strengthening the educational program in establishing nay hinder professional growth. The questionaries of this study were focused in the following aspects: 1) establishment of nursing service management system, 2) strengthening of the professionalization of nursing service, 3) hindrance in accomplishment of independent nursing functions, 4) communication skills in nurse-patient relationship, 5) activities directly related to nursing care planning, 6) communication skills in nurse-doctor relationship, 7) attitude towards taking responsibilities for patient- centered nursing approach, and 8) nursing educational approach towards preparation of professional competence in practicing independent nursing functions. 265 graduate nurses from 14 general hospitals and 88 nursing instructors from 18 schools, collegiate and diploma, were sampled. The main findings of the study were as follows; 1. Both groups responded highly in the lack of public recognition of nursing profession and hospital administrators support in establishment of nursing service management system. Further investigation is needed to define some relationship between the intrinsic and extrinsic factors which might give influence to the professional development. 2. while hospital nursing personnel responded on environmental pressure such as a heavy nursing load as the factor giving hindrance to independent nursing functions, the nurse educators responded highly on lack of nursing competence of individual nurses. An emphasis should be placed on the development of nursing interaction through professional education. If the professional model is not well established, nursing function will be limited to medical assistance. 3. 3. The patient-centered approach for nurse-patient communication had given positive respond for both group, tut lacks in team concept in problem solving process. There exist a social distance between nurses and other professional co-workers in the hospital hierarchy. 4. It was indicated that, as an intrinsic factor in the development of nursing service and nursing education, building up a philosophical basis is an utmost importance. This question is opened for further and extensive study to clarify whether existence of philosophical absence or philosophical stasis in nursing profession hinders the development.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2011

Recently, increasing demand for teacher professional development and significant advances in information and communication technologies has led to a proliferation of online professional development. In spite of online professional development's popularity and advantages, research indicates that there is a concern of considerably high dropout rates of online learners. Therefore, to reduce the dropout rates of the learners, this paper is designed to help teachers identify professional development opportunities that are tailored to their needs as well as successfully complete these learning experiences. To achieve the purpose of the study, the paper explores the considerations for evaluating the characteristics of online learners and online professional development. Using these evaluations, this paper provides practical strategies for helping elementary and secondary education teachers successfully complete online professional development without dropping out an online course.