• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.125-135
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• 2006

The objective of this study is to verify effects of employees' cognition of their job characteristics in production department of manufacturing companies on production performance and also to verify the moderating effect of the characteristics of managerial accounting information in the relationship between job characteristics and productivity. To achieve this purpose, this study divides the factors of job characteristics into task diversity, task significance, autonomy, and task identity and production performance into flexibility, time, and quality. The results of this study are as follows. First, There is a significant relationship between job characteristics and production performance according to employees' cognition of their job characteristics. Second, There is a significant relationship between job characteristics and production performance according to the characteristics of managerial accounting information.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.990-996
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• 2005

The effect of diets varying in level and source of nitrogen (N) and fermentable organic matter on dynamic characteristics of microbial populations in rumen liquor and their impact on substrate fermentation in vitro was studied. The diets tested were straw alone, straw+concentrate mixture and straw+urea molasses mineral block (UMMB) lick. The same diets were taken as substrates and tested on each inoculum collected from the diets. Diet had no effect on the amino acid (AA) composition of either bacteria or protozoa. Differences among the diets in intake, source of N and OM affected bacterial and protozoal characteristics in the rumen. Upper asymptote of gas production (Y$\alpha$) had a higher correlation with bacterial pool size and production rate than with protozoal pool size and production rate. Among the parameters of the gas production model, Y$\alpha$ and lag time in total gas has showed significant (p<0.01) correlation with bacterial characteristics. Though the rate constant of gas production significantly differed (p<0.01) between diet and type of straw, it was least influenced by the microbial characteristics. The regression coefficient of diet and type of straw for Y$\alpha$ indicated that the effect of diet on Y$\alpha$ was threefold higher than that of the straw. As microbial characteristics showed higher correlation with Y$\alpha$, and diet had more influence on the microbial characteristics, gas production on a straw diet could be used effectively to understand the microbial characteristics.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.25-42
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• 2018

Purpose The purpose of this study focused on adopting production systems in cognitive psychology to improve the extraction process of persuasive design characteristics for healthcare-related mobile applications. Design/Methodology/Approach A research approach with four stages was developed. We developed and updated the evaluation guideline for persuasive design characteristics (PDC). We tried to summarize and analyze each of 28 PDC and prepared related production rules. Verification process for both guideline approach and production system approach were performed. Top one hundred apps from both medical category and health and Fitness category were selected and evaluated by two approaches. By comparing the results of the two approaches, we tried to explain the improvement and reliability of introducing the production system in the PDC extraction process. Findings Based on the updated guideline for healthcare-related mobile applications, a production system in cognitive psychology was developed. By comparing the PDC extraction results by two approaches, production system showed a better improvement for evaluation precision and efficiency for decision-making process. The findings of this study can be used for researchers and app developers to apply production system to analyze, evaluate, and develop better healthcare-related apps with persuasion.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.64-70
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• 2022

In recent years, with the continuous innovation and upgrading of engine software, the real-time rendering technology in film and television has been continuously improved, and the virtual production technology has also developed rapidly. This paper introduces the green screen often used in traditional film production and a virtual production technology based on light-emitting-diode background wall that was proposed and implemented last year. We analyzed the two production methods of virtual production and compared their characteristics. Based on these results, we can better understand the differences and respective advantages of the two production methods. And we also can according to the production budget, production cycle and the creative and technical capabilities of the team make better choices during the production process. We believe virtual production technology will be production in the future to provide a more solid technical guarantee for the development of the film industry, and this work will pave the way for further research on virtual production technology.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.104-113
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• 2001

Smallholder dairy production systems in developing countries are discussed with reference to type of systems, their characteristics, potential, and opportunities for improvement. Three types of dairy systems are identified and described: smallholder systems, smallholder cooperative dairy production systems, and intensive dairy production systems. The first two systems are by far the most important, and are associated with increasing intensification. Buffaloes are especially important in South Asia, but elsewhere dairy production mainly involves Holstein-Friesian cross-bred cattle. Dairy goats are important in some countries, but are generally neglected in development programmes. The expansion and intensification of smallholder dairy production is fueled by increased demand for milk with associated problems of milk handling and distribution, hygiene and environmental pollution. The major constraints to production are inter alia, choice of species, breeds and availability of animals; feed resources and improved feeding systems; improved breeding, reproduction, and animal health care; management of animal manure, and organised marketing, and market outlets. These constraints provide major opportunities and challenges for research and development to increase dairy production, efficient management of natural resources, and improved livelihoods of poor farmers. Specific areas for research are identified, as also the need of a holistic focus involving interdisciplinary research and integrated natural resource management, in a shared partnership between farmers and scientists that can demonstrate increased productivity and sustainable production systems. Suggestions for performance indicators in smallholder dairy production systems are indicated.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.46
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• pp.1-22
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• 2017

The practical learning requires the new paradigm in its content of education and environment along with the rapid development of information communication technology and the expansion of digital content industry. Especially, the animation education, core area of digital content industry, has attempted to improve the content and method of education by focusing on creativity, convergence and practical education. However, education environment in the previous form of computer laboratory has not been reflected the characteristics of animation education. In the light of this, this research would suggests the effective education environment implemented animation job competency and the characteristics of animation production. Firstly, the problem of previous educational environment will be explored through looking at computer rooms of domestic Universities. The characteristics of animation production consisted of Pre-production, Main-production, Post-production and elements of animation job competency will be reviewed by focusing on three phases of production, Pre-production, Main-production and Post-production, and six particular jobs, concept art, modeling & texturing, animating, lighting, VFX and compositing. Secondly, 6 types of space adapted from space syntax, possibly explored the embedded meaning of the structure of space and environment, will be reviewed by focusing on integration, separation and interaction. Thirdly, based on the characteristics of animation production, the element of animation job competency, 6 types of space, analytical tools about animation project education will be deducted, and the case study regarding animation studio, Walt Disney studio, will be processed by focusing on its production environment and spatial composition by focusing on Pre-production, Main-production, Post-production. Fifthly, the effective spatial composition for animation project education will be explored based on the interpretation of literature reviews and case study. In regard to this, the research addresses the spatial composition reflected the characteristics of practical learning and job competency in animation education, which differs from the previous form of standardized education spaces.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.23-36
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• 2024

Interest in virtual humans continues to increase due to the development of generative AI, extended reality, computer graphics technology, and the spread of a converged metaverse that goes beyond the boundaries between reality and virtuality. Despite the negative public opinion that virtual humans were just temporary form of entertainment event in the early days of their emergence, the reason they are showing continuous growth is due to the unique characteristics of virtual humans and the expansion of diverse usage from technological advancements. The production of video content using virtual humans is becoming vigorously active, but currently there is limitation and no exact process for the technology to apply virtual humans to video content for it to be produced accordingly to the characteristics or situations of virtual humans. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of virtual human production technology methods & processes, and identifying the impact of each production technology on the production environment through examples of virtual human content applied to domestic and international video contents. In conclusion, by proposing an appropriate production method for each content, we hope to develop and assist production practitioners so they can effectively use virtual humans in video content production.

• IE interfaces
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.26-39
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• 2002

Two key data areas of the integrated production database in computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) systems are the product structure in the forms of bills of material(BOM) and the process structure in the forms of routings. The great majority of existing information systems regard the BOM and routing as two separate data entities, possibly with some degree of cross-referencing. This paper proposes new information structure called the bills of material and routings(BMR) that logically integrates the BOM and routings for the CIM systems in ship production. The characteristics of ship production are described as: 1) make-to-order production type, 2) combined manufacturing principles (workshop production and construction site production), 3) significant overlapping of design, planning and manufacturing, 4) very long order throughput time, 5) complex product structure and production process. The proposed BMR systematically manages ail parts and operations data needed ship production considering characteristics of ship production. Also, the BMR situated on the integrated production database more efficiently supports interface between engineering and production functions, and integrates a wide variety of functions within production such as production planning, process planning, operation scheduling, material planning, costing etc., and simplifies information flow between sub-systems in CIM systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.66-66
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• 2022

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.1057-1058
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• 2009