• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.85-96
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• 2015

Forsythia fructus has been shown to have antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-aging and whitening effects. This work was carried out to investigate the anti-aging effects of Forsythia viridissima-prescription extracts (Yeongyoseungma-tang, Gamiyeongyoseungma-tang, Hoechunyangkyeok-san) on skin. Skin anti-aging effect of Forsythia viridissima-prescription extracts (Yeongyoseungma-tang, Gamiyeongyoseungma-tang, Hoechunyangkyeok-san) was evaluated by using antioxidant assay, anti-glycation activity, inhibitory effect of tyrosinase activity, expression of type I procollagen and UVA-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 on HS68 cells, and reduction of ${\alpha}$-MSH-induced melanin on B16F1 cells. Forsythia viridissima-prescription extracts showed anti-oxidative and anti-glycation activity. The pectinex hydrolysed extract from Yeongyoseungma-tang 75% EtOH extract and Gamiyeongyoseungma-tang 75% EtOH extract increased the type I procollagen synthesis, and decreased the UVA-induced MMP-1 expression on HS68 cells. The pectinex hydrolysed extracts of Hoechunyangkyeok-san 75% EtOH extract had the inhibitory effect of melanin synthesis on B16F1 cells. Based on these results, we suggest that Forsythia viridissima-prescription extracts may be useful as a potential source of functional anti-aging cosmetics.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.1 s.54
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• pp.83-94
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• 1996

Substance P is one of the neuropeptide which presents highly in tension site of periodontal ligament during the orthodontic tooth movement. It has bnn also hon as one of the neuropeptides which cause neurogenic inflammation in various tissues and organs. However, there is no report about the effect of substance P on major extracellular matrix protein, collagen production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the collagen production by substance P in human periodontal ligament cell. The collagenase-digestion method was used to evaluate collagen production and also used Northern blot hybridization for the evaluation of collagen mRNA level. This study also Included in terms of prostanglandins and gelatinase production with respect to collagen production. For the collagen degradation, zymography was used to estimate denatured collagen degradation. Dose-dependent effect of substance P on noncollagen protein, collagen, and percent collagen was that substance P increased noncollagen protein synthesis, but decreased collagen sytnsis. So the percent collagen, which determined by relative collagen production against total protein production, w3s decreased from $7\%\;to\;3.6\%$. This inhibitory effect of substance P on collagen production was disappeared when cells were treated concomitantly with indomethacin. It means that substance P-induced inhibitory effect on collagen production was due at least in part to the production of prostaglandins. To evaluate whether substance P-induced inhibitory effect on collagen production is correspond to the steady-state levels of procollagen mRNA, Northern blot hybridization was performed and it showed that substance P has no effect on the steady-slate level of ${\alpha}1(I)$ procollagen mRNA. It means that the inhibitory effect of substance P on collagen production was due to the change of a certain mechanism after posttranscription. In this context, gelatinase production by substance P in periodontal ligament cells was evaluated by zymography. Zymogram showed that substance P has no effect on gelatinase production in periodontal ligament cells. To explore wheter substance P-induced inhibitory effect on collagen production is selevtive in periodontal ligament cells or not, MC3T3-E1 cells which originated from mouse calvaria was used. It showed that substance P has no effect on collagen production in MC3T3-E1 cells. Taken together, substance P inhibits collagen production in human periodontal ligament cells. This effect was not due to the change of the steady-state level of procollagen mRNA and gelatinase production, but due at least in part to the change of prostaglandins production.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.125-134
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• 2017

The effects that ultraviolet rays elicit on collagen synthesis and degradation are the most common causes of wrinkle formation and photo-aging in skin. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of Angelica acutiloba root ethanol extract (AAEE) to promote collagen synthesis and inhibit collagen degradation in human dermal fibroblasts. By examining total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, electron donating ability, radical scavenging activity, and superoxide dismutase-like activity, we found that AAEE exhibited fairly good antioxidant activity. Treatment with AAEE significantly increased type I procollagen production by cultured fibroblasts, as well as reduced ultraviolet-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression and MMP-2 activity in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). In addition, AAEE significantly increased TIMP-1 mRNA expression (p < 0.05), although without an associated dose-dependent increase in TIMP-1 protein expression. In summary, we suggest that AAEE may be a potentially effective agent for the prevention or alleviation of skin-wrinkle formation induced by ultraviolet rays.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2012

In the present study, effects of sun ginseng (SG) on the collagen synthesis and the proliferation of dermal fibroblast were investigated. Collagen synthesis was measured by assaying procollagen type I C-peptide production. In addition, the level of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 was assessed by western blot analysis. SG suppressed the MMP-1 protein level in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, SG dose-dependently increased tissue inhibitors of MMP (TIMP)-1 production in fibroblasts. SG increased type I collagen production directly and/or indirectly by reducing MMP-1 and stimulating TIMP-1 production in human dermal fibroblasts. SG dose-dependently induced fibroblast proliferation and this, in turn, can trigger more collagen production. These results suggest that SG may be a potential pharmacological agent with anti-aging properties in cultured human skin fibroblast.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.363-369
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• 2015

We evaluated the antioxidant activity and anti-wrinkle effects of Aceriphyllum rossii leaf ethanol extract (ARLEE) in vitro using human dermal fibroblasts. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of ARLEE were 578.6 and 206.3 mg/g, respectively. At a concentration of $250{\mu}g/mL$, the electron-donating ability of ARLEE was 87.1%. In comparison with the vehicle, ARLEE treatment at $100{\mu}g/mL$ significantly increased type I procollagen synthesis (p < 0.01) by 50.7%. In vitro ARLEE treatment (10 mg/mL) inhibited collagenase and elastase activity by 97.1% and 99.2%, respectively. Compared with the control, ascorbic acid treatment at $100{\mu}g/mL$ significantly decreased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 protein expression (p < 0.01) by 37.0%. ARLEE treatment at $50{\mu}g/mL$ significantly decreased MMP-1 protein expression (p < 0.01) by 46.1%. Ascorbic acid and ARLEE treatments at $100{\mu}g/mL$ significantly decreased MMP-1 mRNA expression (p < 0.01) by 26.1% and 36.1%, respectively. From these results, we conclude that ARLEE has excellent antioxidant activity and even better anti-wrinkle effects than ascorbic acid in human dermal fibroblasts. These results suggest that ARLEE could be used in functional cosmetics for the prevention or alleviation of skin wrinkles induced by ultraviolet rays.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.13-32
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• 2011

Objectives: This study was performed to elucidate the effects of Danchisoyo-san (DS) on cell damage and gene expression in UVB-exposed dermal fibroblast. Methods: To demonstrate the inhibitory effects of DS on aging of the skin, we used human dermal fibroblast(F6) and UVB light(30 mJ/$cm^2$) was used to damage to dermal fibroblast. We measured the nitrite production, LDH release, and gene expression in UVB-irradiated dermal fibroblast to elucidate the actionmechanism of DS. Also, we evaluated the amount of increased PICP, TIMP-1 in dermal fibroblast. PICP, TIMP-1 concentration was measured using EIA kit, and gene expression (MMP-1, procollagen, c-fos, c-jun, NF-kB, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, iNOS) were determined using real-time PCR. Results: 1. DS inhibited LDH-release, nitrite production in UVB-irradiated dermal fibroblast. 2. DS suppressed the gene expression of MMP-1 in UVB-irradiated dermal fibroblast. 3. DS increased the gene expression of procollagen in UVB-iradiated dermal fibroblast. 4. DS suppressed the gene expression of c-jun, c-fos, NF-kB, iNOS in UVBirradiated dermal fibroblast. 5. DS increased the gene expression of Bcl-2 in UVB-iradiated dermal fibroblast. 6. DS increased the cell proliferation of dermal fibroblast. Conclusions: From the results, we concluded DS increases the cell proliferation and collagen synthesis in dermal fibroblast. So we suggest that DS has the antiwrinkle effects.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.74-84
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the anti-fibrogenic effect of Injinchunggan-tang on cultured rat hepatic stellate cells. Materials and Methods : Hepatic stellate cells(HSC-T6) were treated with various concentrations of Injinchunggan-tang extract for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The extraction was done with distilled water. After the treatment, cell viability, proliferation, procollagen levels and the mRNA of the TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and ASMA were measured by using MTT assay. BrdU assay, procollagen type I C-peptide EIA kit and RT-PCR. Results : The proliferation, mRNA expression and synthesis of collagen of the hepatic stellate cells were inhibited by Injinchunggan-tang treatment in a dose-dependent manner. This indicates the prescription has inhibitory effect on fibrogenesis of the liver by regulating the fibrogenesis associated genes in transcription. Cell viability was inhibited in time- and dose-dependent manners. It seemed that the drug should be used with sufficient dose to acquire treatment effect. Conclusion : These results suggest that Injinchunggan-tang is beneficial in the treatment of cirrhotic patients as well as for the patients with chronic hepatitis.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.241-248
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• 2012

Exposure of cells to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation can induce production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damage cellular components. In addition, these agents can stimulate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and decrease collagen synthesis in human skin cells. In this study, we examined the anti-photoaging effects of extracts of Tetraselmis suecica (W-TS). W-TS showed the strongest scavenging activity against 2,2-difenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and peroxyl radicals, followed by superoxide anions from the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. We observed that the levels of both intracellular ROS and lipid peroxidation significantly increased in UVB-irradiated human skin fibroblast cells. Furthermore, the activities of enzymatic antioxidants (e.g., superoxide dismutase) and the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants (e.g., glutathione) significantly decreased in cells. However, W-TS pretreatment, at the maximum tested concentration, significantly decreased intracellular ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels in the cells. At this same concentration, W-TS did not show cytotoxicity. Type 1 procollagen and MMP-1 released were quantified using RT-PCR techniques. The results showed that W-TS protected type 1 procollagen against UVB-induced depletion in fibroblast cells in a dose-dependent manner via inhibition of UVB-induced MMP-1. Taken together, the results of the study suggest that W-TS effectively inhibits UVB-induced photoaging in skin fibroblasts by its strong anti-oxidant ability.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.191-199
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• 2020

Noni has been used for medicinal purposes for more than 2,000 years in South Pacific Polynesia, China and India, and has been heavily ingested as an extract for its excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, a recent study found that the noni extract causes digestive disorders, kidney problems, and liver diseases, which made it necessary to use it for other purposes than as an extract. In this study, we want to evaluate the potential of noni as an anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-wrinkling agent. Methods: Noni was freeze-dried, extracted in water, and concentrated. Skin cells were treated with the noni extract for 24 hrs and then were exposed to UVB (55 mJ/cm²). After 48 hrs of incubation, pro-inflammatory cytokine, elastase, MMP-1 and type-1 procollagen levels were measured by ELISA. Results: To find out the antioxidant effect of the noni extract, the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity experiments were conducted and the noni extract showed 97.0 % and 92.0 % antioxidant efficacy at 200 ㎍/mL respectively. The noni extract (50 and 100 ㎍/mL) decreased IL-6 and TNF-α in RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS in a concentration-dependent manner. In the RT-PCR experiment involving NO production, the noni extract (50 and 100 ㎍/mL) inhibited NO production by strongly inhibiting iNOS mRNA expression, and also inhibited the elevation of MMP-1 and elastases caused by UVB irradiation by 25.0 % and 7.0 % respectively. In addition, type-1 procollagen was elevated by 20.0 % by the noni extract treatment in HaCaT cells. Conclusion: The noni extract has photoprotective ability by reducing proinflammatory mediators, elastase and MMP-1 production, and elevation of collagen synthesis. Our findings suggest that the noni extract might be a good natural substance to protect against UVB-induced premature skin aging.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.153-158
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• 2007

Background: Naturally occurring antioxidants were used to regulate the skin damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation because several antioxidants have demonstrated that they can inhibit wrinkle formation through prevention of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and/or increase of collagen synthesis. We examined the effect of oral administration of the antioxidant mixture ("L-Skin Care") on UVB-induced wrinkle formation. In addition, we investigated the possible molecular mechanisms of photoprotection against UVB through inhibition of collagen-degrading MMP activity or through enhancing of pro collagen synthesis in mouse dorsal skin. Methods: Female SKH-l hairless mice were orally administrated "L-Skin Care" (test group) or vehicle (control group) for 10 weeks with UVB irradiation by three times a week. The intensity of irradiation was gradually increased from 30 to $180mJ/cm^2$. Microtopographic and histological assessments of the dorsal skins were carried out at the end of 10 weeks to evaluate wrinkle formation. Western blot analysis and EMSA were also carried out to investigate the changes in the balance of collagen synthesis and collagen degradation. Results: Our "L-Skin Care" significantly reduced UVB-induced wrinkle formation, accompanied by significant reduction of epidermal thickness, and UVB-induced hyperplasia, acanthosis and hyperkeratosis. Oral administration of "L-Skin Care" significantly prevented UVB-induced expressions of MMPs, mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases and activation of activator protein (AP)-1 transcriptional factor in addition to enhanced type I procollagen and transforming growth factor-$\beta$ (TGF-$\beta$) expression. Conclusion: Oral administration of "L-Skin Care" significantly inhibited wrinkle formation caused by chronic UVB irradiation through significant inhibition of UVB-induced MMP activity accompanied with enhancement of collagen synthesis.