• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.3443-3449
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• 2012

Introduction: Despite health education efforts to educate women on breast cancer and breast cancer screening modalities, the incidence of breast cancer and presentation at an advanced stage are still a problem in Malaysia. Objectives: To determine factors associated with the uptake of breast cancer screening among women in the general population. Methods: This pre-intervention survey was conducted in a suburban district. All households were approached and women aged 20 to 60 years old were interviewed with pre-tested guided questionnaires. Variables collected included socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge on breast cancer and screening practice of breast cancer. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Results: 41.5% of a total of 381 respondents scored above average; the mean knowledge score on causes and risks factors of breast cancer was 3.41 out of 5 (SD1.609). 58.5% had ever practiced BSE with half of them performing it at regular monthly intervals. Uptake of CBE by nurses and by doctors was 40.7% and 37.3%, respectively. Mammogram uptake was 14.6%. Significant predictors of BSE were good knowledge of breast cancer (OR=2.654, 95% CI: 1.033-6.816), being married (OR=2.213, 95% CI: 1.201-4.076) and attending CBE (OR=1.729, 95% CI: 1.122-2.665). Significant predictors for CBE included being married (OR=2.161, 95% CI: 1.174-3.979), good knowledge of breast cancer (OR=2.286, 95% CI: 1.012-5.161), and social support for breast cancer screening (OR=2.312, 95% CI: 1.245-4.293). Women who had CBE were more likely to undergo mammographic screening of the breast (OR=5.744, 95% CI: 2.112-15.623), p<0.005. Conclusion: CBE attendance is a strong factor in promoting BSE and mammography, educating women on the importance of breast cancer screening and on how to conduct BSE. The currently opportunistic conduct of CBE should be extended to active calling of women for CBE.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.69-83
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• 2016

This study deals with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) that is emerging as an important issue in modern companies. CSR is not a selective problem but essential. The activities should be done beyond the level observed by law, but by the level of taking their responsibilities to society. This study shows the goal of CSR of LG Electronics and many kinds of CSR activities of LG Electronics through LG Electronics case. For this study, data related to CSR and meetings with CSR department were helped to conduct this study. LG Electronics proceeded CSR through the society, environment, economy to pursue Corporate Substantiality Management. Especially companies play on role of global citizen as a variety of international standards. This activity is achieved by participations of members. This LG Electronics activity present implications of many companies that conduct CSR activitiy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.187-200
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• 2020

Despite the eco-friendly route plan, road slopes were collapsed due to road construction, resulting in human and property damage. To solve this problem, the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs established guidelines in 2009 to conduct a test-bed for slope recording considering the conditions of the site and the ecological environment, and divided them into recording quality and economic evaluation. The following results were obtained by analyzing 183 construction methods of cut-soil sections at 60 sites from 2012 to 2018 for road slope afforestation research. Straw net+seedspray, vegetation media spray method 1T, 3T were used the most, and vegetation media spray method 3T(patent) was excellent in quality, and straw net+seedspray was excellent in economics. As a result of analyzing the market unit price and the construction unit price, vegetation media spray method submitted the construction unit price at up to 60% lower than the market unit price. As a result of the analysis of the key factors of the greening method evaluation, the economic assessment had the greatest influence on all evaluation items. Problems in the evaluation method of revegetation were first identified as problems in the allocation of points and secondly as problems in the evaluation criteria. As for the improvement of the economic assessment criteria, the method was proposed to evaluate the same method based on market unit price when the same method was constructed, and not to conduct an economic assessment if there was a difference in market unit price between methods, or to add weight to the scores. Based on the monitoring data of 60 road slopes, this study drew up problems and improvement measures. However, with regard to scoring, research on appropriate scoring is needed by examining the current status.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.188-211
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• 2021

Decreasing response rates to traditional survey methods, like face-to-face and telephone interviews, have led survey practitioners around the world to seek new ways of conducting surveys in recent years." The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated this problem because it made conducting face-to-face interviews even more difficult than before. For example, it made conducting face-to-face surveys infeasible in 2020 in South Korea, and so the Korean Academic Multimode Open Survey (KAMOS) was unable to conduct a planned face-to-face survey to recruit new panel members. The entire 8,514-member panel, established via two-stage probability-based sampling from 2016 to 2019, was invited to take three online/telephone surveys in 2020. Of these panel members, 1,352 responded to at least one survey in 2020. To test to what extent the panel remained representative of the adult South Korean population, we compared the two groups of panel members: those who responded to at least one survey in 2020 and those who did not. After weighting both groups on the basis of age, sex, and geographical area, we analyzed their responses to some of the questions that were asked during multiple rounds of the face-to-face panel-recruiting interviews. Using Cohen's d for survey items that could be analyzed numerically and Cramér's V for categorical items, we were able to conclude that the respondents to the 2020 surveys were equivalent to the non-respondents in terms of both demographics and in the answers they originally gave to substantive questions on a variety of topics related to social science or public opinion research, including questions about quality of life, societal issue, and politics (Cohen's d items <0.2, 95% CI; Cramér's V items <0.1, 95% CI). This analysis may provide a model for others who wish to test the continued representativeness of their panel or who would like to use a different survey mode or change some other aspect of their methodology and test whether it is equivalent to their former methodology. Our success in building a panel that retained its representativeness may be useful to those in other countries where face-to-face surveys had previously been the norm but are becoming increasingly difficult to conduct.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.80 no.6
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• pp.701-709
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• 2021

The paper aims at improving the understanding and mitigating the effects of tunnel fires that may breakout due to the burning fuel and/or explosion within the tunnel. This study particularly focuses on the behavior of the commonly used horse shoe geometry of tunnel systems. The problem has been obtained using an adequate well-established program incorporating the Lagrangian approach. A transient-thermo-coupled static structural analysis is carried out. The effects of radiation and convection to the outer walls of the tunnel is studied. The paper also presents the impact of the hazard on the structural integrity of the tunnel. A methodology is proposed to study the tunnel fire using a model which uses equivalent steel sheet to represent the presence of reinforcements to improve the computational efficiency with adequate validation. A parametric study has been carried out and the effect of suitable lining property for mitigating the fire hazard is arrived at. Detailed analysis is done for the threshold limits of the properties of the lining material to check if it is acceptable in all aspects for the integrity of the tunnel. The study may prove useful for developing insights for ensuring tunnel fire safety. To conduct such studies experimentally are tremendously costly but are required to gain confidence. But, scaled models, as well as loading and testing conditions, cannot be studied by many trials experimentally as the cost will shoot up sharply. In this context, the results obtained from such computational studies with a feasible variation of various combinations of parameters may act as a set of guidelines to freeze the adequate combination of various parameters to conduct one or two costly experiments for confidence building.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.377-382
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the study related to volleyball class in elementary school in Korea and to present the plan to grasp the reality and to activate the volleyball class. To this end, 31 domestic presentations related to elementary school volleyball lessons were selected to confirm the reality, and based on this, the methods for activating volleyball classes were as follows. Firstly, as a practical problem of volleyball lessons in elementary school, first, volleyball lessons avoided in the field; It was considered a problem. An activation plan for such a problem is proposed as follows. First, reform the curriculum and extend the period, second, conduct realistic teacher education, and third, explore ways to recognize teachers' volleyball's value and improve their expertise. Fourth, support volleyball experts using various human resources. It is the dissemination of volleyball-type classes.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.1-18
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to conduct a course entitled 'Teaching practice' applying Problem Based Learning(hereafter PBL) for perspective Home Economics teachers to explore the applicability of PBL to the course. A course entitled 'Teaching practice' was carried out for 17 undergraduate students from the 2nd of March till 11th of June in 2014. Pre- and post-tests to measure teacher disposition were performed to investigate the effectiveness of the course applying PBL. Three questions for PBL were developed, were determined after obtaining verification of the questions from 5 experts, and were used for the course entitled 'Teaching practice'; Developing teaching-learning plan, establishing plan for homeroom class management, and designing assessment of Technology & Home Economics. The processes of PBL include defining the problem, planning problem solutions, reassessing the problem, identifying possible solutions, and performance presentation. Procedures for solving one problem of PBL took 4 weeks and teacher disposition assessment for effectiveness of PBL was carried out for pre- and post tests. The reflection journal showed that even though it was their first experience of PBL, instructor's feedback, group activities, and individual activities were helpful for solving the problems of PBL. The result of dependent t-test for paired samples revealed significant differences between the pre- and post tests, which means that there was effectiveness of the course applying to PBL on teacher disposition of prospective Home Economics teachers.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 2010

The main purpose of this study was to examine the effects of meta-cognition, learning flow and problem solving ability of the college engineering students on academic achievement. For this purpose, a total of 396 college engineering freshmen of the six different departments was chosen to conduct a survey. A hypothetical model was proposed, which was composed of meta-cognition, problem solving ability and learning flow as the prediction variables, and academic achievement as the outcome variables. The results of this study through multiple regression analysis showed that meta-cognition, learning flow and problem solving ability significantly influenced on the college engineering studnets' academic achievement. In addition, learning flow was used as a significant mediated variable in the relationships among meta-cognition, problem solving ability and academic achievement. Based on these study results, the above variables investigated in this study should be considered in the design and development of the college engineering courses that enable students to facilitate their problem-solving attitude and improve academic achievement.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.5-29
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• 2012

The present study was to explore what makes adolescents think of themselves as troublemakers even without conduct problems. It was expected that the failure to attain socio-developmental milestones(e.g., healthy relationships with others, academic achievement) would lead to form trait aspect of deviant self-concept. A latent state-trait autoregressive modeling was used to analyze five annual waves of data from 3,449 adolescents taken from the Korean Youth Panel Study. We decomposed trait and state aspect of deviant self-concept and identified significant predictors of trait-like deviant self-concept, while additionally testing for gender differences. Our results showed that conduct problems had greater effect on deviant self-concept among girls compared with boys. Conduct problem was most predictive of deviant self-concept, and yet both poor peer-relations and school failures predisposed adolescents to have deviant self-concept. Low academic achievement conferred risk for trait aspects of deviant self-concept with no gender difference, whereas poor peer relation was more predictive among girls. It highlights the cultural value system underlying self-concept and how and why adolescents think of themselves as troublemakers.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.87-96
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• 2013

In this paper, we suggest redesigned RTP protocol that is able to perform encryption of VoIP media information for single private network and between the different private networks. And we conduct a test for performance analysis. Such as SRTP or ZRTP methods have been used for VoIP media encryption. But, the existing encryption techniques have problem that can not perform end-to-end encryption between different private networks. In order to solve this problem, in this paper, we redesign RTP protocol. Redesigned RTP includes all information for encryption of VoIP media. Therefore the encryption is not affected by modification of SIP and SDP information that occurred in gateway. Also, redesigned RTP includes code for whether or not to apply encryption. By using the code, modification of RTP header from gateway prevents. As a result, redesigned RTP maintain the integrity and the RTP is able to perform encryption between the different private networks. Also, we conduct a test for performance analysis of SRTP, ZRTP and redesigned RTP.