• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.396-416
• /
• 2019

The key conditions for the promotion of innovative technology-based start-ups are expanding the market for innovative technology products and services, increasing equity-based funding opportunities, promoting the commercialization of technological innovation, and establishing a fair-trade system for start-ups to compete fairly in the market. Besides, there is a need for a support system that minimizes the cost of failure in case of business failure to facilitate re-challenge and provides education and training opportunities to enhance entrepreneurial capabilities. To activate technology-based start-ups, the Korean government introduced the TIPS policy in 2013. It is a program that creates technology start-up with private investment led by successful venture entrepreneurs, which has shown remarkable achievement and is regarded as the most successful policy in this field up to now. The most critical factor contributed to the success of this program is to invite private investors to select a technology entrepreneurship team and provide mentoring with the investment. The government provides R&D funding with matching investment, commercialization and marketing support to ensure that technology start-ups survive crossing the death-valley. Subsequent investments from domestic and abroad investors are actively made and it is becoming a representative technology-based start-up program in Korea.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.171-178
• /
• 2017

Data mashup is a web technology that combines information from multiple sources into a single web application. Mashup applications create a new horizon for new services, like environmental monitoring. Environmental monitoring is a serious tool for the state and private organizations, which are located in regions with environmental hazards and seek to gain insights to detect hazards and locate them clearly. These organizations utilize a data mashup to merge datasets from different Internet of multimedia things (IoMT) context-based services in order to leverage its data analytics performance and the accuracy of the predictions. However, mashup different datasets from multiple sources is a privacy hazard as it might reveal citizens specific behaviors in different regions. The ability to preserve privacy in mashuped datasets and at the same time provide accurate insights becomes a key success for the spread of mashup services. In this paper, we present our efforts to build a fog-based middleware for private data mashup (FMPM) to serve a centralized environmental monitoring service. The proposed middleware is equipped with concealment mechanisms to preserve the privacy of the merged datasets from multiple IoMT networks involved in the mashup application. Also, these mechanisms preserve the aggregates in the dataset to maximize the usability of information to attain accurate analytical results. We also provide a scenario for IoMT-enabled data mashup service and experimentation results.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.12 no.10
• /
• pp.5100-5119
• /
• 2018

Most of existing privacy-preserving multi-authorities attribute-based encryption schemes (PP-MA-ABE) only considers the privacy of the user identity (ID). However, in many occasions information leakage is caused by the disclosing of his/her some sensitive attributes. In this paper, we propose a collusion-resisting ciphertext-policy PP-MA-ABE (CRPP-MACP-ABE) scheme with hiding both user's ID and attributes in the cloud storage system. We present a method to depict anonymous users and introduce a managerial role denoted by IDM for the management of user's anonymous identity certificate ($AID_{Cred}$). The scheme uses $AID_{Cred}$ to realize privacy-preserving of the user, namely, by verifying which attribute authorities (AAs) obtain the blinded public attribute keys, pseudonyms involved in the $AID_{Cred}$ and then distributes corresponding private keys for the user. We use different pseudonyms of the user to resist the collusion attack launched by viciousAAs. In addition, we utilize IDM to cooperate with multiple authorities in producing consistent private key for the user to avoid the collusion attack launched by vicious users. The proposed CRPP-MACP-ABE scheme is proved secure. Some computation and communication costs in our scheme are finished in preparation phase (i.e. user registration). Compared with the existing schemes, our scheme is more efficient.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.12-22
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this article is to establish fundamental sources and guidelines of bathroom designs of brand apartments in Korea. The article examines the current conditions of bathroom, satisfaction rates, and preference rates of residents in Mid-sized apartment units of the top five brand apartments based on construction capacity and brand popularity. A total of 427 samples, acquired via internet survey, were analyzed with the statistical computer program SPSS PC+ window version 15.0. The conclusions of the article are as follows: 1) Fixtures and products which fulfill various behaviors, as well as multi-functional space programming, are demanded. 2) Developing clear standards of basic bathroom fixtures and environments is also required in further research and to be applied to practical bathroom design. 3) The bathroom fixtures and environments ought to accommodate all age groups. 4) Respondents preferred a separated dry floor, either toilet or sink portion, to a full-dry or full-wet floor. 5) Respondents of all age groups considered bathroom as a private space, thus it should facilitate various private activities. The results of this study would contribute to adequate and sound bathroom design as key information.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.37-50
• /
• 2014

Banking institutions have been facing variety of difficulties but the major cause of serious banking problems relates to lax credit standards for borrowers and counterparties, poor portfolio risk management, or a lack of attention to changes in economic or other circumstances that can lead to deterioration in the credit standing of a bank's counterparties. Although credit risk is an important factor that financial institutions should cope with, but the determinants of measuring credit risk have been studied less. This paper attempts to explore the determinants of credit risk measurement and to identify the factors that contribute to credit risk measurement practices in Indian banks and to compare credit risk measurement practices followed by Indian public and private sector banks, the empirical study has been conducted and views of employees of various banks have been tested using statistical tools. This study explored the phenomenon from different perspectives and revealed that single-name credit risk measurement and portfolio credit risk measurement are the key components that contribute to credit risk measurement in Indian banks. From the descriptive and analytical results, it can be concluded that Indian banks efficiently measure credit risk. The results also indicate that there is a significant difference between the Indian public and private sector banks in single-name credit risk measurement while, these banks do not significantly differ in portfolio credit risk measurement aspect.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.11
• /
• pp.1033-1039
• /
• 2020

Vietnam is conducting an export-led growth model and labour-intensive industries contributing majorly to the total export value. In the context of Industry 4.0, the labour-based industries are significantly affected; hence, enhancing productivity is the key measure to maintain these industries. The garment industry contributes significantly to the total export value of Vietnam. Based on meta-frontier framework, the approach of data envelopment analysis is used to measure technical efficiency of Vietnamese garment firms and the global Malmquist TFP index is utilised to identify productivity change and its components including efficiency, technology and technical gaps between different groups of firms. The data of Vietnamese garment firms from 2013 to 2018 collected from the Vietnam General Statistic Office is used in this study. The results show that: (i) The total factor productivity of Vietnamese garment firms growth, technical progress is the main contributor; (ii) The private garment sector is the leading group; (iii) There is a large technological gap among Vietnamese garment sectors. The private and FDI garment firms have experienced a growth in all components of total factor productivity change. Meanwhile, technological progress change is the main reason to constrain the productivity growth of state-owned garment firms.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.159-175
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to explore how the number of network organizations, network continuity and service continuity of community child centers were affected by the charge factors, organizational factors and environmental factors of community child centers. To better understand this, we researched 107 community child centers in Chonbuk Province. The key results are as follows. The interpersonal connections of the charge factors had a strong effect on the number of network organizations, but organizational factors and environmental factors appeared to have no effect on the number of network organizations. The operational type(religious group), organizational support level of the organizational factors and public-private cooperation, regular consultative group operation(no) of the environmental factors appeared to have an effect on the level of network continuity. The region(local), regular consultative group operation(yes) and public-private cooperation of the environmental factors appeared to have an effect on the level of service continuity. It was hoped that the results would enable us to explore how factors related to a network had an effect on the service continuity, the number of network organizations and clients referral network continuity, and they appeared to have an effect on the service continuity.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.7-16
• /
• 2019

As a part of the research on existing structures of private homes from Joseon Era. Focusing on one hundred twenty five-purlin houses, the current study investigated the features and characteristics of the house structure from style, size, proportion and roof pitch, and measurements of key parts, and developed the following conclusions. Most are single-houses (89, 83%), and among them, there are 47 single front-terrace houses (39%), which is the highest number. The sizes of lower house structure do not differ greatly depending on the vertical structure, and single rear terrace house and double-house have relatively larger side sizes. The size of upper structure is larger in double-houses compared to other vertical structures, indicating a relatively higher roof. The cross-section measurement of major parts show that double-houses are larger than single-houses by 3cm in pillar, 3-4.5cm in crossbeam length, and 4.5cm in crossbeam width. However, Janghyeo width was consistent at 7.5 to 10.5cm, maintaining uniformity regardless of vertical structure of the houses. In addition, the cross-section measurements decreased from sixteenth to nineteenth century, with the size of pillar size decreasing the most. The result that the Janghyeo width is not related to the house structure house confirmed that the Janghyeo width was kept consistent regardless of the size of the house structure.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.21 no.12spc
• /
• pp.513-520
• /
• 2021

The purpose of the article is to study the impact of digitalization on the transformation of the banking system, taking into account current innovative development trends. The article analyzes the impact of key factors on the development of the digital economy. Ukraine's ranking positions in terms of digital competitiveness are shown. The necessity of using digital technologies in the sphere of banking activity is substantiated. The dynamics of changes in the number of operating banks in Ukraine is analyzed. The directions of introduction of information technologies in the sphere of banking activity are determined. An analysis of changes in the share of the population of individual EU member states that use the Internet for Internet banking. It is noted that modern transformation trends, digitalization of the economy have a significant impact on the landscape of the banking sector, in this context, the rating of Ukrainian banks in the categories of "Internet Banking" and "Mobile Banking". The advantages and disadvantages of using the capabilities of Internet banking are identified. Based on the study, the importance of expanding the boundaries of digitalization of the domestic banking system is substantiated, which will further increase the level of availability of online services in the field of banking. Prospects for further research are identified in the study of the impact of digitalization on the development of the banking system of foreign countries.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.48
• /
• pp.7-41
• /
• 2002

This paper analyses the proposals contained in the British Government Green Paper, A New Contract for Welfare: Partnership in Pensions for low paid workers and the potential of the new rules to guarantee a decent income in old age. The UK pension system is a partnership between the State(providing the basic state pension and the SERPS), employers(providing occupational pension scheme) and private pension providers(providing personal pensions). Although the system needs to change, this partnership remains the right foundation. However, the pension Green Paper proposes substantial changes to second tier pension provision in the UK. In particular, the Government plans to replace the SERPS with a new State Second Pension. According to the Green Paper, this will result in "dramatically better pension provision for those earning less than ${\pounds}9,000$ a year" and through increased payments to private pension schemes, will also provide "extra help to those on middle incomes(${\pounds}9,000-{\pounds}18,500$ a year). Therefore, it discusses the general principles inherent in the design of the British pension system and analyses the balance of these principles is represented in the Green Paper. The paper then examines how the Government's proposals protect individuals from a means-tested old age. This paper finds that the Green paper's proposals add up to reinventing a new two-stage basic pension. However, two key features of a such a basic pension package are missing- an 'adequate' level of payment and comprehensive entitlement. Because of these missing principles we argue that the Green Paper's proposals incorporate for the low paid. The income from the basic pension and the secondary pension which is so near the means-tested minimum that little is gained in retirement from a lifetime of work and contribution. Indeed, the shift away from collective provision and the emphasis on individual responsibility will reinforce this inequality, so that many poor will continue to experience poverty in later life.