• 보건의료산업학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.101-113
• /
• 2014

This paper examined the effects of private health insurance(PHI) on the health care utilization among the Korean. The used data was the three waves of Korea Health Panel (2008, 2009, 2010), and the number of subjects was 13,951 persons. Authors employed two-stage least square panel model where the instrument variables for controlling for endogeneity of PHI were number of insurance planner per 100,000 in resident area and whether subject worked on financial profession. The results showed that healthcare expenditure of outpatients who purchasing PHI was higher than that of outpatients without PHI, and there was no difference in admission between the two groups. This article recommended the Korean government to monitor the effects of PHI on the health care utilization in order to improve the efficiency of health care finance.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제48권6호
• /
• pp.319-329
• /
• 2015

Objectives: Parental socioeconomic status (SES) exerts a substantial influence on children's health. The purpose of this study was to examine factors determining children's private health insurance (PHI) enrolment and children's healthcare utilization according to PHI coverage. Methods: Korea Health Panel data from 2011 (n=3085) was used to explore the factors determining PHI enrolment in children younger than 15 years of age. A logit model contained health status and SES variables for both children and parents. A fixed effects model identified factors influencing healthcare utilization in children aged 10 years or younger, using 2008 to 2011 panel data (n=9084). Results: The factors determining children's PHI enrolment included children's age and sex and parents' educational status, employment status, and household income quintile. PHI exerted a significant effect on outpatient cost, inpatient cost, and number of admissions. Number of outpatient visits and total length of stay were not affected by PHI status. The interaction between PHI and age group increased outpatient cost significantly. Conclusions: Children's PHI enrolment was influenced by parents' SES, while healthcare utilization was affected by health and disability status. Therefore, the results of this study suggest disparities in healthcare utilization according to PHI enrollment.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.57-68
• /
• 2014

Since the introduction of National Health Insurance(NHI) in 1977, it has grown rapidly and contributed to extend patient's access to the health care services. However, limited coverage for health care services of NHI has been ongoing challenge and private health insurance(PHI) has been rising as an alternative source of enhancing coverage and saving out-of-pocket(OOP) expenditure for patients. In this study, after controlling for socio-demographic, economic, health related variables, we identified the patients' healthcare utilization and subsequent OOP expenditure depending on their PHI enrollment and their enrollment types(fixed benefit, indemnity, fixed benefit plus indemnity). Data were collected from the 2010 Korean Health Panel. The unit of analysis was a member of household(n=13,324). Of the 13,324 cases, 70.7% of patients held PHI, in detail, fixed benefit(47.0%), indemnity(3.6%), fixed benefit plus indemnity(20.1%). Major findings showd that patients who enrolled in PHI used more outpatient services(outpatient visit, number of physician visit, number of examination) and spent more OOP expenditure than non-PHI patients. There were also differences of healthcare utilization and OOP expenditure among the types of PHI. In addition, PHI patients used more inpatient services(inpatient use, number of hospitalization, LOS), but there was no significant difference between PHI and non-PHI patients with regard to the OOP expenditure. Thus, we could not find any distinct relationship between the types of PHI and patients' tertiary hospital use. Policy-makers should need careful political deliberation for monitoring the effect of PHI on health care utilization and subsequent expenditure not only to improve patients' coverage but also to save their OOP expenditures.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.89-97
• /
• 2014

Recently, spread of Smartphones caused activation of mobile services, because of that Big Data such as clouding service able to proceed with large amount of data which are hard to collect, save, search and analyze. Many companies collected variety of private and personal information without users' agreement for their business strategy and marketing. This situation raised social issues. As companies use Big Data, numbers of damage cases are growing. In this Thesis, when Big Data process, methods of analyze and research of data are very important. This thesis will suggest that choices of security levels and algorithms are important for security of private informations. To use Big Data, it has to encrypt the personal data to emphasize the importance of security level and selection of algorithm. Thesis will also suggest that research of utilization of Big Data and protection of private informations and making guidelines for users are require for security of private information and activation of Big Data industries.

• 융합보안논문지
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.163-178
• /
• 2017

최근 드론(drone)의 활용영역이 군사 및 보안 분야에서 뿐만 아니라 상업, 스포츠 등 일상생활 영역으로 확대되고 있으며, 민간경비업무에 드론을 활용하는 문제에 대해서도 관심이 커지고 있다. 본 연구는 민간경비(private security)에서의 드론의 활용유형과 경비업법과 항공안전법 등 관련 법규에서의 드론 관련 규정, 그리고 경비업법 수용시의 주요 쟁점을 검토하는데 논의에 초점이 있다. 첫째, 경비업법이 정하는 민간경비의 업무범위를 중심으로 드론의 활용유형을 감시업무, 정보수집업무, 안내 및 경고업무, 대피유도업무, 수색 및 관련 물자수송업무, 드론의 위협에 대한 대응업무 등으로 구분하였다. 둘째, 민간경비업무에서의 드론활용을 위한 관련 법규로는 경비업법과 항공안전법이 있는데, 이중 경비업법은 현재 드론에 관련한 내용을 규정하고 있지 않으며, 항공안전법에 의해 드론의 활용이 규제되고 있다. 셋째, 경비업법에 경비원의 자격과 권한범위를 조정하여야 하고, 드론을 경비장비의 한 유형으로 수용하여야 하며, 드론을 이용한 위협형태에 대한 대응책을 경비업법에서 어떻게 수용하여야 하는가에 대한 고민이 이루어져야 한다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제49권2호
• /
• pp.118-128
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to examine the status of children and adolescents with regard to enrollment in private medical insurance (PMI) and to investigate its influence on their utilization of medical services. Methods: The present study assessed 2973 subjects younger than 19 years of age who participated in five consecutive Korea Health Panel surveys from 2009 to 2012. Results: At the initial assessment, less than 20% of the study population had not enrolled in any PMI program, but this proportion decreased over time. Additionally, the number of subjects with more than two policies increased, the proportions of holders of indemnity-type only ('I'-only) and of fixed amount+indemnity-type ('F+I') increased, whereas the proportion of holders with fixed amount-type only ('F'-only) decreased. Compared with subjects without private insurance, PMI policyholders were more likely to use outpatient and emergency services, and the number of policies was proportionately related to inpatient service utilization. Regarding outpatient care, subjects with 'F'-only PMI used these services more often than did uninsured subjects (odds ratio [OR], 1.69), whereas subjects with 'I'-only PMI or 'F+I' PMI utilized a broad range of inpatient, outpatient, and emergency services relative to uninsured subjects (ORs for 'I'-only: 1.39, 1.63, and 1.38, respectively; ORs for 'F+I': 1.67, 2.09, and 1.37, respectively). Conclusions: The findings suggest public policy approaches to standardizing PMI contracts, reform in calculation of premiums in PMI, re-examination regarding indemnity insurance products, and mutual control mechanisms to mediate between national health insurance services and private insurers are required.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.814-827
• /
• 1998

In this study we analyzed the insurance claims data to investigate the medical care utilization pattern of tuberculosis patients in private sector. We selected the claims of principal or secondary diagnosis with tuberculosis from claims database of National federation of Medical Insurance, from December 1995 to November 1996. Both spell-based analysis and person-based analysis were carried out. In spell-based analysis, type and location of treatment facilities, distribution of diagnoses, number of outpatient/inpatient treatments were analyzed. Additionally in person-based analysis, number of tuberculosis patients, demographic characteristics, number of treatments per person, frequency and pattern of change in source of care were analyzed. The results were as follows 1. The number of treatments with tuberculosis was 863,641 from 1 December 1995 to 30 November 1996. The number of patients was 313.964. 2. Most of tuberculosis patients in private sector were treated in general hospital (45.8%) and clinics(42.2%) 3. About 77.7% of tuberculosis patients who were treated more than two times did not change the source of care. 18,9% of tuberculosis patients changed source of care only once. Even when we limited tuberculosis patient to those who were treated more than five times and whose treatment period were longer than six months, 94.7% of patients did not change source of care at all, or changed treatment facility only once. 4. The probability of change in source of rare was higher in pulmonary tuberculosis, in twenties, and in rural area respectively than other tuberculosis. In conclusion, healer shopping of tuberculosis patients was not serious as expected. However special attention is needed to pulmonary tuberculosis in twenties and rural area.

• 건축사
• /
• 통권544호
• /
• pp.28-29
• /
• 2014

• 건축사
• /
• 통권575호
• /
• pp.114-117
• /
• 2017

• 보건의료산업학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.165-177
• /
• 2012

This study examined market size of private health insurance premium and individual characteristics associated with the market size change in Korea, using wave 1 (2008) and wave 2 (2009) of Korea Health Panel. The market size was 24.4 trillion Korean won in 2008 and 26.9 trillion in 2009. The increase rate of private health insurance premium among those who were the elderly, single, or the poor was higher than that among their counterpart respectively. Health status and utilization were insignificant in determining the increase rate of private health insurance premium. These findings were more obvious among the uninsured in 2008 than among the insured in 2008. The increase of private health insurance premium in Korea imply the increase of willingness-to-pay for health risk through private sector. The authors suggest policy intervention for accessability to health care for the underprivileged and weak through enlargement of Korean social health insurance benefit.