• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.93-111
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• 2020

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to observe the relative priorities of importances among the modified versions of Block chain system, being based on AHP decision support model which should be also proposed in this paper. Design/methodology/approach Four versions modified from the beginning of Block chain were divided into Public& Permissionless, Private&Permissionless, Public&Permissioned and Private&Permissioned types. Five criteria for evaluating the four versions whether the version were suitable for Medical information system were introduced from five factors of Technologies Accept Model, which were Security, Availability, Variety, Reliability and Economical efficiency. We designed Decision support model based on AHP which would select the best alternative version suitable for introducing the Block chain technology into the medical information systems. We established the objective of the AHP model into finding the best choice among the four modified versions. First low layer of the model contains the five factors which consisted of Security, Availability, Variety, Reliability and Economical efficiency. Second low layer of the model contains the four modified versions which consisted Public&Permissionless, Private&Permissionless, Public&Permissioned and Private& Permissioned types. The structural questionnaire based on the AHP decision support model was designed and used to survey experts of medical areas. The collected data by the question investigation was analyzed by AHP analysis technique. Findings The importance priority of Security was highest among five factors of Technologies Accept Mode in the first layer. The importance priority of Private&Permissioned type was highest among four modified versions of Block chain technologies in second low layer. The second importance priority was Private&Permissionless type. The strong point of Private&Permissioned type is to be able to protect personal information and have faster processing speeds. The advantage of Private& Permissionless type is to be also able to protect personal information as well as from forging and altering transaction data. We recognized that it should be necessary to develop new Block chain technologies that would enable to have faster processing speeds as well as from forging and altering transaction data.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.11-18
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• 2019

In current public blockchain, any node can see every blocks, so that public blockchain provider transparent property. However, some application requires the confidential information to be stored in the block. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-layer blockchain that have the public block layer and the private block for confidential information. This paper suggests the requirement for encryption of private block. Also, this paper shows the t-of-n threshold cryptosystem without dealer who is trusted third party. Finally proposed scheme satisfies the requirements for encryption and fairness.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.11-17
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• 2018

IDS/IPS and networked computer systems are playing an increasingly important role in our society. They have been the targets of a malicious attacks that actually turn into intrusions. That is why computer security has become an important concern for network administrators. Recently, various Detection/Prevention System schemes have been proposed based on various technologies. However, the techniques, which have been applied in many systems is useful for existing intrusion patterns on standard-only systems. Therefore, probe detection of private clouds using BlockChain has become a major security protection technology to detection potential attacks. In addition, BlockChain and Probe detection need to take into account the relationship between the various factors. We should develop a new probe detection technology that uses BlockChain to fine new pattern detection probes in cloud service security in the end. In this paper, we propose a probe detection using Fuzzy Cognitive Map(FCM) and Self Adaptive Module(SAM) based on service security using BlockChain technology.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.177-186
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• 2020

In current public blockchain, any node can see every blocks, so that public blockchain provider transparent property. However, some application requires the confidential information to be stored in the block. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-layer blockchain that have the public block layer and the private block for confidential information. This paper suggests the requirement for encryption of private block. Also, this paper shows the t-of-n threshold cryptosystem without dealer who is trusted third party. Moreover, the delegated node who has key information can be withdraw the delegated node group or a new delegated node can join in the delegated node group. Therefore, the paper proposes an efficient key information resharing scheme for withdraw and join. Finally proposed scheme satisfies the requirements for encryption and fairness.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.119-131
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• 2018

In this paper, I research the issue of information security for medical information system of each parties. The outflow of the Personal medical information can lead to problems of medical systems and disadvantage to an individual. In this paper, we research the information security based on a blockchain. In addition, I have analyzed blockchain. I suggest a medical information system framework that can help to keep the privacy of patients by using a blockchain network. Also, In this paper try to explain using private blockchain for medical system. Blockchain can keep the integrity and transparency of the medical records. This research, shows how can build the private blockchain for medical records and how to get the integrity of Data from Private Blockchain and Distuributed Ledger Technology.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.13-24
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• 2020

This study derives the characteristics of the private external space planning in multi-family housing through the analysis of the good case built after 2000 in Europe. First, the cases were categorized into block or block perimeter, linear and point type to examine the relationship between the type of building in urban context and the location of private external space. By block or block perimeter and linear type, private external spaces are planned in the inner courtyards or open space between buildings used as common space for residents, inducing communications between neighbors. And the direction of private external space depends on the arrangement of the building mass in urban context. In the classification as point type, there are many cases, where private external spaces are arranged in all directions, connected almost all interior spaces. Second, based on the above results, the planned characteristics of the private external space are derived by dividing it into three categories: intermediated space between inside and outside, intermediate space between private and public /individual and collective space and the identity of the intermediate space. (1) In most cases, direction, size of enclosed area and location of private extern space is designed to fit the surrounding context, so residents can perceive as much of the assets of the surrounding environment as possible, and it can be used as an extended area of living space. In another cases, it is divided into various sub-areas to experience the spatial transition from inside to outside or vice versa. 2) The private external space, which is placed in a courtyard or in a collective open space, is partially enclosed and blocked, allowing interaction with the neighbors without pressure. Along the street, they are designed to allow residents to experience the vitality of the city and to be formative element of the facade, which could confidently reveal the lifestyle and taste of residents. 3) By some of point types, which facade is three-demensional layer as a habitable external space, the private external space is very flexible for use. This intermediate space is composed of diverse spaces for various needs, or it has generous size with positional conditions connected with all interior spaces to be used multi-functional.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2020

Bitcoin (BTC) is a type of cryptocurrency that supports transaction/payment of virtual money between BTC users without the presence of a central authority or any third party like bank. It uses some cryptographic techniques namely public- and private-keys, digital signature and cryptographic-hash functions, and they are used for making secure transactions and maintaining distributed public ledger called blockchain. In BTC system, each transaction signed by sender is broadcasted over the P2P (Peer-to-Peer) Bitcoin network and a set of such transactions collected over a period is hashed together with the previous block/other values to form a block known as candidate block, where the first block known as genesis-block was created independently. Before a candidate block to be the part of existing blockchain (chaining of blocks), a computation-intensive hard problem needs to be solved. A number of miners try to solve it and a winner earns some BTCs as inspiration. The miners have high computing and hardware resources, and they play key roles in BTC for blockchain formation. This paper mainly analyses the underlying cryptographic techniques, identifies some weaknesses and proposes their enhancements. For these, two modifications of BTC are suggested ― (i) All BTC users must use digital certificates for their authentication and (ii) Winning miner must give signature on the compressed data of a block for authentication of public blocks/blockchain.

• Architectural research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.19-30
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• 2007

This study explores the issue of campus expansion of an urban university using an in-depth case study of New York University in New York City, USA. It investigates the physical pattern and development mechanism of the campus expansion process on a city grid structure. The three elements that characterize NYU's recent campus expansion, are (1) the university's commitment to building a student community around a public open space on a subway network, (2) four types of property acquisition and building development practiced by the university with private developers for space leasing, building renovation and development under changing local development circumstances, and (3) the city's initiative for attracting the private sector whose development activities influence the university's development dynamics. These findings suggest that the expansion planning of an urban university, due to its location in a city, should be placed on a local planning agenda, which can positively contribute to public goals through the collaborative engagement of the private and public sectors.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12spc
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• pp.451-458
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• 2021

Providing a secure and effective way to protect confidential and private data is an urgent process, and accordingly, we will present in this research paper a new method, which is called multiple rounds variable block method (MRVB) which depends on the use of a colored image that is kept secret to generate needed work and round keys. This method can be used to encrypt-decrypt data using various lengths private key and data blocks with various sizes. The number of rounds also will be variable starting from one round. MRVB will be implemented and compared with the encryption-decryption standards DES and AES to show the improvements provided by the proposed method in increasing the security level and in increasing the throughput of the process of data cryptography. The generated private key contents will depend on the used image_key and on the selected number of rounds and the selected number of bytes in each block of data.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.139-146
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• 2019

This paper, wireless internet such as Wi-Fi has a vulnerability to security. Blockchain also means a 'Ledger' in which transaction information that occurs on a public or private network is encrypted and shared among the network participants. Blockchain maintains information integrity by making it impossible for a particular node to tamper with information arbitrarily, a feature that would result in changes in the overall blockchain hash value if any one transaction information that constitutes a block was changed. The complete sharing of information through a peer-to-peer network will also cripple hacking attempts from outside, targeting specialized nodes, and prepare for the "single point of failure" risk of the entire system being shut down. Due to the value of these Blockchain, various types of Blockchain are emerging, and related technology development efforts are also actively underway. Various business models such as public block chains such as Bitcoin, as well as private block chains that allow only certain authorized nodes to participate, or consortium block chains operated by a select few licensed groups, are being utilized. In terms of technological evolution, Blockchain also shows the potential to grow beyond cryptocurrency into an online platform that allows all kinds of transactions with the advent of 'Smart Contract'. By using Blockchain technology, the company makes suggestions to overcome the vulnerability of wireless Internet.