• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

Aerobic glycolysis has been the most important hypothesis in cancer metabolism. It seems to be related to increased bioenergetic and biosynthetic needs in rapidly proliferating cancer cells. To this end, F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), a glucose analog, became widely popular for the detection of malignancies combined with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Although the potential roles of FDG PET/CT in primary tumor detection are not fully established, it seems to have a limited sensitivity in detecting early gastric cancer and mainly signet ring or non-solid types of advanced gastric cancer. In evaluating lymph node metastases, the location of lymph nodes and the degree of FDG uptake in primary tumors appear to be important factors affecting the diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT. In spite of the limited sensitivity, the high specificity of PET/CT for lymph node metastases may play an important role in changing the extent of lymphadenectomy or reducing futile laparotomies. For peritoneal metastases, PET/CT seems to have a poorer sensitivity but a better specificity than CT. The roles of PET/CT in the evaluation of other distant metastases are yet to be known. Studies including primary tumors with low FDG uptake or peritoneal recurrence seem suffer from poorer diagnostic performance for the detection of recurrent gastric cancer. There are only a few reports using FDG PET/CT to predict response to neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. A complete metabolic response seems to be predictive of more favorable prognosis.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.577-589
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• 2023

In this study, on-site testing was carried out to investigate the vibration performance of a cold-formed thin-walled steel floor system. Ambient vibration, walking excitation (single and double persons), and impulsive excitation (heel-drop and jumping) were considered to capture the primary vibration parameters (natural frequencies, damping ratios, and mode shapes) and vertical acceleration response. Meanwhile, to discuss the influence of cement fiberboard on structural vibration, the primary vibration parameters were compared between the systems with and without the installation of cement fiberboard. Based on the experimental analysis, the cold-formed thin-walled steel floor possesses high frequency (> 10 Hz) and damping (> 2%); the installed cement fiberboard mainly increases the mass of floor system without effectively increasing the floor stiffness and may reduce the effects of primary vibration parameters on acceleration response; and the human-structure interaction should be considered when analyzing the vibration serviceability. The comparison of the experimental results with those in the AISC Design Guide indicates that the cold-formed thin-walled steel floor exhibits acceptable vibration serviceability. A crest factor 𝛽_rp (ratio of peak to root-mean-square accelerations) is proposed to determine the root-mean-square acceleration for convenience.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.64-71
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• 1984

In this paper, the fundemental equation on the Trans-vector control of 3.phi. Induction motor drive and the new equivalent circuit to be adapted for this equation, have been obtained, and control drives system to be coincide with this equation is made. Therefore, it has been obtained that control scheme can always be used motor drive. 3.phi. Induction motor drive has been got the dynamic behavior the same as that of DC motor drive. The drive dynamic response is very rapid because of Trans-vector control on the I_1$ (primary current) and .${\omega}_1$ (frequency of primary current) of the Induation mechine. This paper indicates that a practicality of the drive control system and the rationalty of the theory have been identified with the experimental results. The effect of parameter variations on the drive dynamic response can be evaluated from these results.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.1127-1141
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• 2015

The optimum design of liquid column dampers in seismic vibration control considering system parameter uncertainty is usually performed by minimizing the unconditional response of a structure without any consideration to the variation of damper performance due to uncertainty. However, the system so designed may be sensitive to the variations of input system parameters due to uncertainty. The present study is concerned with robust design optimization (RDO) of liquid column vibration absorber (LCVA) considering random system parameters characterizing the primary structure and ground motion model. The RDO is obtained by minimizing the weighted sum of the mean value of the root mean square displacement of the primary structure as well as its standard deviation. A numerical study elucidates the importance of the RDO procedure for design of LCVA system by comparing the RDO results with the results obtained by the conventional stochastic structural optimization procedure and the unconditional response based optimization.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.106-117
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• 1998

The nature of stress-path dependency, the principle that governs deformations in granular soil, and the use of Lade's double work-hardening model for predicting soil response for a variety of stress-paths have been investigated, and are examined The test results and the analyses presented show that under some conditions granular soils exhibit stress-path dependent behavior. For stress-paths involving unloading or reloading, the stress-path with the higher average stress level produces the larger strains, whereas all stress-paths having the same intial states of stress, and involving only primary loading conditions, produce strains of similar magnitudes. Experimental evidence indicates that the stress- path dependent response obtained from the double work-hardening model is also observed for real soils. It is concluded that the influence of stress history on the friction angle is negligible and the strains increment direction is uniquely determined from the state of stress but is not perpendicular to the yield surface. The strains calculated from Lade's double work-hardening model are in reasonable agreement with those measured.

• 약학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.120-123
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• 2002

In order to investigate the effects of chitosan on the normal and cyclophosphamide (CY)-suppressed primary humoral immune response in mice, chitosan was orally administered alone (single dose of 62.5, 250 mg/kg) or with CY (20 mg/kg, i.p.) to female ICR mice on the 2nd day before or after immunization with SRBC-antigen. When chitosan alone was administered before antigenic challenge, splenic IgM plaque forming cells (PFC) and splenic cellularity were slightly increased and serum IgM was not changed when compared with control group. However, chitosan significantly enhanced PFC, serum IgM and splenic cellularity when administered after antigenic challenge. The PFC numbers, serum IgM and splenic cellularity were significantly decreased by the treatment of CY, whereas those values were slightly increased by the concomitant treament of CY and chitosan when compared with CY alone-administration. These results indicate that chitosan is able to increase normal humoral immunity (HI) and to slightly inhibit the suppressive effects of CY on HI.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.288.1-288.1
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• 2002

Herbal medicines are increasingly being utilized to treat a wide variety of disease processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of aqueous extract from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC (Campanulaceae). Changkil (CK). to affect cellular response in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes to t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity. CK-treated cells showed an increased resistance to oxidative challenge. as revealed by a higher percent of survival capacity in respect to control cells. CK added prior or simultaneously with I-BHP reduced enganced lipid peroxidation measured as production of malondialdehyde and enhnaced intracellular reduced glutathinoe depletion by t-BHP. Furhtermore. CK protected from the t-BHP-induced intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species assessde by montioting dichlorodihydrofluorescein fluorescence. it can be concluded that CK exerts an antioxidant action insice the cell. responsible for the abserved modulation of the cellular response to oxidative challenge. and CK have a marked anitioxdative and hepatoprotective potency.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 1983

Two cases of primary malignant lymphoma of the brain and six cases of secondary CNS lymphoma seen at Yonsei cancer center, radiotherapy department for recent 4 years are presented. Primary lymphomas revealed single tumor mass on corpus callosum area and secondary lymphoma were intracranial (3 cases) or leptomeningeal type (3 cases). Histology of primary lymphoma were reticulum cell sarcoma and secondary lymphomas were either diffuse histiocytic or diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. All patients showed good response to radiation. Two patients with primary CNS lymphoma and two of six secondary CNS lymphoma are alive after radiotherapy (34, 31, 26, 12 months). But the prognosis of secondary CNS lymphoma is grave, because of progressive systemic disease. Incidence, risk factors, diagnosis and therapeutic management of CNS involvement are also discussed.

• 소음진동
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.325-330
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• 2000

A dynamic absorber is used to protect the primary vibration system under the steady-state harmonic disturbance. In a number of cases it appears expedient to install several absorbers of smaller masses instead of one. This may be due to the need of distribute the absorber's response along the construction, restrictions on the absorber's installation. So, we studied characteristics of the primary vibration system for the optimal natural frequency ratio and the optimal damping ratio of serial multi-dynamic absorber. Also we obtained the optimum values of the serial multi-dynamic absorber parameters using computer simulation for the damped primary vibration system. In designing multi-dynamic absorber, we presented for the optimal natural frequency and the optimal damping ratio of multi-dynamic absorbers.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1996년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(2)
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• pp.683-690
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• 1996

The MIDLOOP code has been developed for the evaluation of RES pressurization transients initiated from a loss-of-Residual Heat Removal System (RHRS) during mid-loop operation after reactor shutdown. It provides a fast running and realistic tool for studying parametrically the response of important plant parameters such as pressure, temperature, and level to various plant combinations of the primary side vent, makeup, and leakage procedures and the steam generator (SG) conditions. The code consists of ten nodes representing the primary and secondary sides of a nuclear power plant and can analyze the effect of air on the primary system pressurization and primary to secondary heat transfer. The analysis results of the MIDLOOP code are in good agreement with the ROSA-IV/LSTF experiment without opening in the RCS.