• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.19-31
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to exam the effects of the Abbreviated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy(ACBT) on chronic insomnia. Methods: Study was one-group interrupted time series study that involved 13 adults(mean age=51.7, aged 25-77 years) with chronic primary insomnia who visited sleep disorder clinic of S Hospital from November 2004 to October 2005. The subjects received 2-session individual ACBT with 2 week-interval($1^{st}$: 1.5- 2hrs, $2^{nd}$: 20-30min). To measure the subjective insomnia severity and sleep patterns, 3 times of insomnia severity index and sleep logs were completed(before ACBT, after ACBT, and 3-month after ACBT). The main outcomes were subjective insomnia severity and sleep patterns(sleep onset latency, waking after sleep onset, and total sleep time, sleep efficiency). The data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 version program by Friedman test, Wilcoxon signed rank test with Bonferroni correction. Results: There were statistically significant decrease in insomnia severity index, sleep onset latency, and waking after sleep onset, and increase total sleep time and sleep efficiency. Conclusion: ACBT was effective in reducing subjective insomnia severity and improving sleep patterns. Sleep improvement was better sustained over time with ACBT.

• Journal of Sleep Medicine
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2018

Objectives: To assess the effect and safety of transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) in primary chronic insomnia. Methods: A one-month, double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial was performed. A total of 7 patients with primary chronic insomnia received tDCS using anodal (n=3), cathodal (n=2), or sham stimulation (n=2). They were followed up at 1 week and 1 month after treatment. The primary outcome measures included improvement in total sleep time (TST), sleep latency (SL), and sleep efficiency (SE) at 1 month follow-up. Results: TST and SE were improved with tDCS at 1 month follow-up in all patients (100%) of the anodal group, one (50%) of the cathodal group, and one (50%) of the sham group. tDCS improved SL at 1 month follow-up in two patients (67%) of the anodal group, one (50%) of the cathodal group, and none (0%) of the sham group. With respect to adverse events, transient itching sensation occurred in one patient of the anodal group. None of the other groups reported adverse events. Conclusions: Our results suggest that tDCS may be effective and safe for treatment of primary chronic insomnia. A larger controlled study needs to be further investigated.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2020

Purpose: Temporomadibular disorders (TMDs) can result in chronic pain, which is often associated with psychological and sleep disturbance. Increased levels of psychological and sleep impairments are often related with poor treatment outcomes. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate clinical features, psychological profiles and the prevalence of clinical insomnia in TMD patients with chronic pain and to suggest an effective treatment approach. Methods: A total of 200 TMD patients who had visited the Pusan National University Hospital dental clinic for treatment of their pain were recruited from June 2018 through December 2019. TMD patients were classified into an acute (n=100) and chronic (n=100) group and compared the clinical symptoms. The primary diagnosis of TMD were categorized as TMD with joint pain group (TMD_J), TMD with muscle pain group (TMD_M) and TMD with joint-muscle mixed pain group (TMD_JM). Self- report measures of sleep quality and psychological profiles were evaluated via the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Korean Stress Response Inventory (SRI). Independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U-tests, and chisquared test were used for the statistical analysis. Results: Chronic TMD patients showed higher pain intensity, as well as higher prevalence of related symptoms (headache, musculoskeletal pain) and myogenous pain. They also had significantly higher scores in all SRI parameters and a higher percentage of clinical insomnia than acute TMD patients. Conclusions: Based on the above results, psychological profiles and sleep quality assessments are necessary to provide essential data that will allow for improved treatment of chronic TMD patients.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2018

Objective: Hwa-byung is one of the cultural concept of distress in Korea resulted from chronic accumulated anger. It is characterized by various symptoms like stuffy in the chest, hot or heat sensation, something pushing up in the chest, feeling of mortification, and a flush of anger. This protocol aims to explore the efficacy and safety of Huanglian-jie-du decoction on various somatic symptoms and insomnia in patients with Hwa-byung. Methods: This is study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 44 patients will be randomly assigned to the experimental group or the placebo group in a 1:1 ratio. All medications will be taken orally 3 times per day for 7 consecutive days. The primary outcomes are the mean changes in Patient Health Questionnaire of physical symptoms (PHQ-15) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) after the 7 days of administration. The secondary outcomes include the scales to assess stress response, symptoms of Hwa-byung, and state anger. Conclusion: The results of this study will provide high quality and explorative evidence to investigate the effect of Huanglian-jie-du decoction on Hwa-byung.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.341-362
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• 2018

Objective : This study's purpose was to review the clinical studies of Oryeong-San. Method : We searched papers about Oryeong-San using KISS, KTKP, PUBMED, Embase, Science Direct, and the key words "Goreisan", "Goreito", "Wu Ling San", "Oryeongsan", "Poria Five Powder" were used. Papers not matched with inclusion criteria were excluded. Results : Until today, there have been 133 studies on the effects of head diseases, urinary system diseases, edema, and other various effects of Oryeong-San. Of these, 23 studies were classified as clinical research papers. There were 8 cases of head diseases, 5 cases of urinary system diseases, 3 cases of edema, 2 cases of adjuvant, 1 case of Dysmenorrhea, 1 case of Primary Hypertension, 1 case of Primary Insomnia, 1 case of hydrocele, 1 case of side effects causing TINU syndrome. Conclusion : It can be seen that Oryeong-San has established the basis for application to the purpose of head disease(chronic subdural hematoma, hydrocephalus, hearing loss), urinary system disease(stone, urinary tract infection), edema, adjuvant, other hypertension and insomnia. On the other hand, considering one case that causes side effect of TINU syndrome, caution should be exercised when observing the progress of the patient taking the Oryeong-San.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.59-62
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• 2012

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by identity and interpersonal problem, affective dysregulation and pervasive severe impulsivity. Although sleep disturbances are not primary symptoms of BPD, they are important aspects of this disorder. However, clinicians and researchers did not give much attention to the sleep symptoms of BPD yet. Measured by nocturnal polysomnography, increased sleep latency as well as reduced total sleep time and sleep efficiency, and 'depression-like' REM abnormalities (i.e., reduced REM latency and increased REM density) are found in BPD patients. Co-morbid sleep disorders such as chronic insomnia, nightmare disorder or circadian rhythm sleep disorder associated with BPD have been reported. Clinicians should focus on the sleep complaints of BPD patients, and carefully manage such symptoms with sleep hygiene education, cognitive psychotherapy or light therapy.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for chronic fatigue syndrome and idiopathic chronic fatigue. Methods : A randomized, controlled pilot trial was conducted. Twenty-four participants were randomized into one of the two groups: an acupuncture group(n=12) and wait-list group(n=12). The treatment group received 12 sessions of acupuncture over 4 weeks. Eight points($GV_{20}$; bilateral GB20, $BL_{11}$, $BL_{13}$, $BL_{15}$, $BL_{18}$, $BL_{20}$, and $BL_{23}$) were selected for needling. The control group did not receive acupuncture treatment during study period and follow-up were done in the $5^{th}$ and $9^{th}$ weeks after randomization in both groups. The primary outcome was fatigue severity scale(FSS) and the secondary outcomes included a short form of stress response inventory(SRI-short form), beck depression inventory(BDI), and insomnia severity index(ISI). Safety was assessed at every visit. Results : There were statistically significant differences in the between group values of FSS at $5^{th}$ weeks after randomization(p=0.0002), SRI-short form, BDI, and ISI at $5^{th}$, $9^{th}$ weeks after randomization(p<0.01). There were no adverse events. Conclusions : The results suggest that acupuncture is associated with benefits on the short-term outcomes in chronic fatigue syndrome and idiopathic chronic fatigue.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.488-509
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• 2021

Purpose: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a chronic syndrome accompanied by repetitive digestive symptoms that appear in the upper gastrointestinal tract and are not caused by specific diseases. Psychological symptoms like anxiety, depression, insomnia, and somatization are frequently observed in FD. The purpose of this study was to review the effect of herbal medicine on the psychological symptoms that accompany FD. Methods: Database search (PubMed, EMBASE, KISS, Kmbase, KoreanMed, NDSL, OASIS, CNKI) was performed on February 24, 2021; a total of 1825 studies were searched. After the screening, 22 studies were included. Results: The studies were assessed by Cochrane RoB 2 and sorted into a table according to psychological symptoms. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate the effect of herbal medicine. Twenty of the twenty-two studies reported that herbal medicine was significantly more effective than the control group. Only three of the studies did not have a high risk of bias. Conclusion: Herbal medicine was significantly effective with or without Western medicine and had fewer adverse effects. Severe adverse effect was not reported. Psychological symptoms in FD affect onset and duration of FD, and some FD patients want to be treated for their anxiety before other symptoms. Reliable information about treatment for the psychological symptoms of FD is lacking. We reviewed the effect of herbal medicine treatment in this study, the results of which could be selected for primary or secondary treatment for FD.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.601-610
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• 2022

동애등에는 파리목(Diptera) 동애등에과(Stratiomyidae)에 속한다. 최근에 곤충 산업은 식품, 동물사료 및 환경개선 이점으로 주목받고 있다. 가바 및 멜라토닌은 수면 및 우울증 조절에 관여하며, 가바는 억제성 신경전달물질이며, 유산균에 의해 MSG가 가바로 생체전환되어 합성된다. 본 연구에서는 MSG를 동애등에에 급여하여 가바 생성이 증가된 동애등에 추출물을 사용하였다. 스트레스 및 불면증에 대한 작용은 코르티코스테론에 의해 유도된 ER 스트레스 및 만성 구속 스트레스(CRS)에 노출된 마우스 모델과 마우스에 펜토바르비탈(45 mg/kg)-유도 수면개선에 미치는 메커니즘에 대해 조사하여 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 MSG를 급여하지 않은 동애등에 추출물과 MSG를 급여한 동애등에 추출물을 HPLC-ELSD기기분석을 통해 GABA 피크를 확인한 결과, MSG를 급여한 동애등에 추출물에서만 GABA 피크가 나타남을 확인하였다. 또한, MSG를 급여한 동애등에 물 추출물 및 동애등에 70% 에탄올 추출물이 CORT에 의해 유도된 인산화된 ERK1/2 및 CREB의 하향 조절에 대해 보호함으로써 신경세포 보호 효과가 있을 확인하였다. 동애등에 물 추출물(300 mg/kg)은 CRS-노출된 마우스에서 혈청 코르티코스테론 수치를 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 더 나아가, 동애등에 물 추출물(100 및 300 mg/kg)는 혈청 멜라토닌 증가에 관여하여 펜토바르비탈(45 mg/kg)로 유도된 수면 행동에서 입면시간 감소 및 총 수면 시간을 증가시켰다. 결론적으로, 동애등에 물 추출물은 혈청 코르티코스테론 및 멜라토닌 수치를 조절함으로써 항스트레스 및 수면 향상 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.