• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.718-722
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• 1998

Scopoletin (7-hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin), a coumarin, was isolated from the aerial part of Solanum lyratum Thunb. by the activity-guided fractionation employing carbon te trachloride-intoxicated primary cultured rat hepatocytes as a screening system. Its hepatoprotective activity was first evaluated by measuring the release of glutamic pyruvic transaminase and sorbitol dehydrogenase from carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rat hepatocytes into the culture medium. Scopoletin significantly reduced the releases of glutamic pyruvic transaminase and sorbitol dehydrogenase from the carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated primary cultured rat hepatocytes by 53% and 58%, respectively, from the toxicity in a dose-dependent manner over concentration ranges of 1mcM to 50mcM. Further studies revealed that at the concentration of 10mcM, scopoletin significantly preserved glutathione content by 50% and the activity of superoxide dismutase by 36% and also inhibited the production of malondialdehyde to the degree as seen in the control.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.319-326
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• 2005

In this study, the nano-deformation behavior of semi-solid Al-Si alloy was investigated using a molecular dynamics simulation as a part of the research on the surface crack behavior in thixoformed automobile parts. The microstructure of the grain-size controlled Al-Si alloy consists of primary and eutectic regions. In eutectic regions the crack initiation begins with initial fracture of the eutectic silicon particles and inside other intermetallic phases. Nano-deformation characteristics in the eutectic and primary phase of the grain-size controlled Al-Si alloy were investigated through the molecular dynamics simulation. The primary phase was assumed to be single crystal aluminum. It was shown that the vacancy occurred at the zone where silicon molecules were.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.153-155
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• 2004

Primary infection of the larynx with aspergillus spp. with immunocompetent patient is extremely rare, few cases have been reported in the literature. It is more commonly seen as a part of a wider infection involving the respiratory system in immunocompromised patients. We present one case of primary laryngeal aspergillosis without any other airway tract extension and without any generalized immune deficit in a 69 year-old woman with history of hoarseness. Direct laryngoscopy and biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of aspergillosis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.509-512
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• 2014

Primary intraosseous meningioma is a rare tumor, and atypical pathologic components both osteolytic lesion and dura and soft tissue invasion is extremely rare. A 65-year-old woman presented with a 5-month history of a soft mass on the right frontal area. MR imaging revealed a 4 cm sized, multilobulated, strongly-enhancing lesion on the right frontal bone, and CT showed a destructive skull lesion. The mass was adhered tightly to the scalp and dura mater, and it extended to some part of the outer and inner dural layers without brain invasion. The extradural mass and soft tissue mass were totally removed simultaneously and we reconstructed the calvarial defect with artificial bone material. The pathological study revealed an atypical meningioma as World Health Organization grade II. Six months after the operation, brain MR imaging showed that not found recurrence in both cranial and spinal lesion. Here, we report a case of primary osteolytic intraosseous atypical meningioma with soft tissue and dural invasion.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권3호
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• pp.327-337
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• 2020

Junctional neurulation represents the most recent adjunct to the well-known sequential embryological processes of primary and secondary neurulation. While its exact molecular processes, occurring at the end of primary and the beginning of secondary neurulation, are still being actively investigated, its pathological counterpart -junctional neural tube defect (JNTD)- had been described in 2017 based on three patients whose well-formed secondary neural tube, the conus, is widely separated from its corresponding primary neural tube and functionally disconnected from corticospinal control from above. Several other cases conforming to this bizarre neural tube arrangement have since appeared in the literature, reinforcing the validity of this entity. The cardinal clinical, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological features of JNTD, and the hypothesis of its embryogenetic mechanism, form part of this review.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.464-468
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• 2007

In cognitive radio systems, secondary users, unlicensed users, can use primary users' spectrum to increase spectrum efficiency. At that time, the systems must satisfy primary users' QoS. When secondary users use cognitive radio systems, secondary users communication can be terminated, because of satisfying primary users' QoS. However, secondary users' communication terminating is not good for both secondary users and whole systems. So, cognitive radio systems need an efficient algorithm for secondary users of admission control and keeping connections. In this paper, we present an algorithm which consist of two part, admission control and connections control.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2014

It has been known that Terzaghi's consolidation theory is not well consistent with the consolidation phenomenon on the soft clay ground, but this theory has still been adopted normally in practice because there is no method for estimating the consolidation settlement and rate easier than Terzaghi's theory. It is impossible to map whole part of consolidation settlement vs time curve to the curve of Terzaghi'z average degree of consolidation. If the primary consolidation and the secondary compression are happened same time, it would be useless of trying to find the end of primary consolidation, but it is needed for using Terzaghi's theory that the end of consolidation is determined to the time of beginning consistency between the final settlement analyzed with curve fitting and the experimented consolidation settlement.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2002

For the purpose of investigating the factor of foot and calf growth of primary-school children who are fast-growing during this period a group of the 1st graders of primary-school had been the subject of this measurement in 1995 and there after they became the subject again in 1997, 1999 when they were the 3th, 5th graders measurement was carried out in 30 items including status and weight and marthin-type measure and foot-print were used for this measurement as the result, stature is correlated with height items and length items of foot and calf weight is correlated with width and circumference items of foot and calf angle of the first toe showed the highest growth like 3rd graders, heel circumference had rapidly grown rather than in the part of foot circumference in the factor analysis df foot measurement of 10-year, the first, second factors, appeared the size of shoes, in case of 12-year the first factor with status appeared the size of shoes.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.797-799
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• 2004

The discontinuous primary linear synchronous motor is proposed as a driving source in the middle-distance transportation systems in factories and facilities. This paper describes the examination about the acceleration characteristics and a synchronizing method when the secondary mover overlaps with the primary from the inertia travel motion section in the whole of the re-acceleration part.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제34권E호
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• pp.45-59
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• 1992

At downstream part of the hydraulic structures such as spiliway or drainage gate, jet flow can occur by gate opening. If stream bed is not hard or bed protection is not sufficient, scour hole will be formed due to high shear stress of the jet flow. We call this primary scour. Once the scour hole is formed, a vortex occurs in it and this vortex causes additional scour. We call this secondary scour. The primary scour proceeds to downstream together with flow direction but the secondary one proceeds to upstream direction opposite to it. If the secondary one continues and reaches to the hydraulic structure, it can undermine the bottom of hydraulic structure and this will lead to failure of structure itself. Thus, it is necessary to know the physical features of the vortex structure in a scour hole, which is the main mechanism of the secondary scour. This study deals with the characteristics of the vortex structure and its shear stress which causes the secondary scour.