• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2019

The primary objective of this study is to develop a prototype of all-in-one attachment-based PHC pile head cutting robot that improves the conventional work in safety, productivity, and quality. For this, the following research works are conducted sequentially; 1)literature review, 2)development of an all-in-one attachment-based PHC pile head cutting robot prototype, 3)performance evaluation of each device, 4)economic analysis of an automated method. As a result, PHC pile cutting level sensing device, PHC pile cutting device, PHC pile handling device are developed. Futhermore, working process of an automated method is developed based on result of performance evaluation. According to the economic analysis result, the cost of the automated method was 21.37% less than that of the conventional method, and the economic efficiency was also superior(ROR 215.44%, Break-even Point 5.52month). It is expected that conclusions for future improvements are used in the development of the all-in-one attachment-based PHC pile head cutting robot to practical use.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.157-162
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• 2002

Background and Objectives: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a unique tumor characterized by frequent and delayed distant metastasis (DM) with uncommon regional lymph node metastasis. We evaluated the factors affecting DM of ACC and survival after appearance of DM. Materials and Methods: Medical records, radiographs and pathologic slides were reviewed for 94 patients from 1979 through 2001. Results: DM of ACC occurred in 46 patients, and developed more frequently in patients with tumors of the solid histologic subtype than in patients with tubular or cribriform subtypes. DM occurred less frequently in the sinonasal tract, and development of DM was not affected by tumor stage. Disease-specific 5- and 10-year survival rates were 88% and 72% for patients without DM, respectively and 76% and 48% for those with DM(p=0.02). Regarding the site of DM and its impact on outcomes, 30 patients had lung metastasis alone, 5 patients bone metastasis alone and 6 patients developed both lung and bone metastasis. Median survivals after appearance of DM among patients with isolated lung metastases and those with bone metastases with or without lung involvement were 54 and 21 months, respectively (p=0.04). Conclusions: Development of DM in ACC is predicted by solid histologic subtype, and major salivary gland or oral/pharyngeal rather than sinonasal primary site. Those patients with bone involvement with our without lung metastases had worse outcomes than those with pulmonary metastasis only.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.885-890
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• 2012

Background: Head and neck cancers are prevalent in Thailand, in particular in the southern region of the country. However, survival with a large data set has not been reported. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the survival figures and the prognostic factors in a cohort of patients treated in a university hospital located in the south of Thailand. Patients and Methods: Consecutive new cases of primary carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharyx, hypopharynx and larynx, treated at Songklanagarind Hospital during 2002 to 2004, were analyzed. The 5-year overall survival rates were obtained by the Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors were identified through multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results: A total 1,186 cases were analyzed. Two-thirds (66.6%) of the cases were at advanced stage (stage III & IV) at presentation. The five-year overall survivals for the whole cohort, oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx were 24.1%, 25.91%, 19.2%, 13.4%, 38.0% respectively. Stage and treatment type were strong prognostic factors for all sites. An age ${\geq}$ 80 years was associated with poor survival in oral cavity and larynx cancer. Conclusions: The results revealed remarkably poor outcomes of the patients in the series, indicating a strong need to increase the proportion of early stage presentations and maximize the treatment efficacy to improving outcomes. Very old patients are of particular concern for treatment care of oral cavity and larynx cancer.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.16-20
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• 2015

Background and Objectives : In papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), multiplicity and central or lateral lymph node metastases significantly affect the recurrence. This study was carried out to evaluate the clinical and histological characteristics of PTC according to the tumor size. Materials and Method : Between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2014, 12,269 PTC patients underwent thyroid surgery at the Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea. We analyzed pathologic findings and clinical features according to the size of tumor Results : The mean size of tumor was $0.89{\pm}0.70cm$. The Central and lateral compartment metastases were observed 64.7% and 37.6% on the range that the primary tumor size is 1cm. There was a significant association between the PTC primary tumor size and multiplicity and cervical neck metastasis (p<0.001). Conclusion : The PTC primary tumor size for prediction of multiplicity and neck node metastasis can be helpful in optimization of the surgical extent for each patient.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.206-213
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• 1998

Primary hyperparathyroidism is still uncommomn disease in Korea. However the frequency of this disease has been slowly increased with routine measurement of serum calcium and increasing awareness of hyperparathyroidism in recent years. The diagnosis is established by a persistent elevation of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone and by clinical evaluation. This is a report of eleven patients with primary hyperparathyroidism treated with surgical operation during a period from 1983 to 1997 at Department of Hospital. Authors analyzed the cases to evaluate clinical characteristics and outcome of surgical treatment retrospectively. The result was as follows. 1) In sex distribution, female patients were eight and three were male, the age distribution ranged from 18 to 67 years. 2) The presenting clinical manifestations were renal and urinary stone in eight, bone pain or fracture in six, muscle weakness in four, neurologic symptoms in four, neck mass in three, hypertension in two, and G-I symptoms in one. 3) All patients showed hypercalcemia and elevated serum parathyroid hormone level. 4) Preoperative localization study was performed with computerized tomography, ultrasonography, MRI, arteriography and thyroid scaning. 5) The tumor locations were left lower in eight, left upper in one, right lower in one, and right upper location was one case. 6) Histopathologic findings disclosed adenoma in all cases. 7) All patients were treated by surgical excision and postoperatively transient hypocalcemia occurred in six patients, but no other complication was developed.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.33-41
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• 2021

Background/Objectives: Extra-nodal extension (ENE) is one of the strongest prognosticators in oral cancers. Here we tried to evaluate clinicopathological factors associated with the presence of ENE. Materials & Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical information of 120 patients who diagnosed with oral cancer and received curative surgery at our hospital from Mar 2012 to Apr 2020. We comparatively analyzed clinicopathological factors associated with the presence of lymph node (LN) metastasis and ENE, respectively. Results: Variable factors of primary tumor characteristics such as lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, largest diameter of tumor, depth of invasion and maximum standardized uptake value were significantly associated with the presence of cervical LN metastasis. The largest diameter of tumor was statistically significant also in multivariate analysis for predicting the LN metastasis. Meanwhile, the association between primary tumor characteristics and the presence of ENE were not statistically significant except the primary tumor size. Importantly, factors associated with LN characteristics including the maximum diameter and number of metastatic LNs were significantly associated with ENE. Conclusion: In this study, several factors affecting cervical LN metastasis and ENE in oral cancer patients were identified. The ENE seems to be influenced by the status of the metastatic LNs, such as the number of metastatic LNs, rather than the characteristics of the primary tumor itself.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 2001

Background and Objectives： Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is an aggressive, often indolent tumor, with a high incidence of distant metastasis (DM). Relatively little has been written about the factor that influence distant spread and subsequent survival because it is uncommon and has protracted clinical course. We attempted to reemphasize the biologic behavior of ACC by investigating the relationship between the clinical features and prognosis. Materials and Methods : We have retrospectively studied 24 determinate patiens who received definitive treatment in our hospital between 1984 and 1995 for ACC in all salivary sites. Inclusion criteria were no prior treatment elsewhere other than excisional biopsy and eligibility for follow-up of at least 5 years. Variables assessed for their impact on distant metastasis included age, gender, size, node status, stage, histologic pattern, locoregional treatment failure. Results : Treatment failure occurred in a total of 16 of 24 determinate Patients (64%), 12 of whom had DM (50%). This was usually associated with locoregional recurrence (8 patients), but DM was the only indication of failure in 4 whose primary tumor was controlled. Of the 12 patients with known DM, the lung was recored as the only involved site in 7 Patients, lung was involved in addition to other sites in 1, bone and liver metastasis occurred in 2 respectively. Disease-free intervals varied from 3 month to 14 years (median 3 years). The only significant factors influencing survival were the size of the primary tumor, locoregional recurrence. Conclusion : The high incidence of DM with locoregional failure confirms the importance of aggressive initial surgery. combined with irradiation, for high-stage tumors or involved surgical margins. Large tumor size and locoregional recurrence, rather than microscopic appearance, were predictive of DM.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.167-170
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• 2006

Extramedullary plasmacytoma is rare tumor of plasma cell tumor, which involve soft tissue without any signs of systemic spread and occurs predominantly in the head and neck, especially the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses. Ten to twenty percent of extramedullary plasmacytoma have regional lymph metastasis at the time of diagnosis and approximately one third of patients with extramedullary plasmacytoma will subsequently develop multiple myeloma during long-term follow-up. Primary treatment modality is moderate-dose radiation and surgery is rarely used. Extramedullary plasmacytoma has good prognosis, but requires long-term systemic evaluation and follow-up. We report a case of extramedullary plasmacytoma of the sinonasal cavity with a review of literature.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.36-38
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• 2015

Small cell carcinoma is mainly found in the lungs and extrapulmonary origins of small cell carcinoma in GI tract, head and neck, genitourinary system consists only 4% of the tumor. Thus, small cell carcinoma of the parotid gland is an extremely rare disease. Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma is characterized by an aggressive clinical course with early metastasis. We report a case of small cell carcinoma of parotid gland in a 82-year-old woman with painless neck mass, who was managed with radiation therapy after surgery and review of relevant literatures.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.240-242
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• 2011

Branchiogenic carcinoma is extremely rare and is defined as a malignant degeneration within the confines of epithelial remnants derived from the embryonal branchial apparatus. Two major diagnostic criteria are histologic proof of transitional area from normal cyst epithelium to invasive squamous cell carcinoma and absence of an identifiable primary carcinoma elsewhere. A 62-year old woman visited our department complaining of a non-tender, movable mass in left upper lateral neck. After a complete mass excision, histopathologic diagnosis of the surgical specimen was branchiogenic squamous cell carcinoma. I report a case of branchiogenic carcinoma with literature review.