• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.71-86
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to promote efficiency of hospital management with customer satisfaction by understanding qualitative system about more systemic hospital service coordinator's job under analyzing the satisfactory degree and coherence of hospital service coordinator's job because of increase of customer need level by medical environment improvement and the variety of offering method of medical service. I allocated a questionnaire per each hospital around dentistry, Oriental medicine clinic, plastic surgery in medical examination department and withdrew questionnaire on total 662 hospitals. According to the study results stated above, generally necessity on employment of a hospital service coordinator appeared high and To the necessity, I considered that a hospital service coordinator's job must strengthen the role for going still more to customer with discriminated mind and service not simple kind service to medical consumer, with establishing more systematic and realistic educational culture in qualification and educational department of a hospital service coordinator. Also a hospital service coordinator must be changed to promote customer satisfaction and efficiency of hospital management by more systematic business assignment and role establishment.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2002

Effects of bisphenol-A (BPA) on vitellogenin (VTG) synthesis and estrogen-estrogen receptor $(E_2- ER)$ binding activity were examined in primary hepatocyte cultures of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Hepatocytes were precultured for 2 days and then $estradiol-17\beta\;(E_2,\;2\times10^{-6}M)\;BPA\;(10^{-5}-10^{-8}M)$ and/or 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen $(4-OHT,\;10^{-6} M)$ were simultaneously added to the incubation medium. Hepatocytes were cultured for 5 more days and then spent medium was analyzed by SDS-PAGE for VTG production. The addition of BPA to the incubation medium had no effect on the viability of hepatocytes in the culture. On the other hand, BPA increased VTG production in a concentration-dependent way and a significant increment occurred at BPA concentrations greater than $10^{-6}$M. Although VTG was increased by the addition of $E_2\;(2\times10^{-6}\;M)\;or\;BPA\;(10^{-5}M)$, its were reduced by a simultaneous 4-OHT $(10^{-6}\;M)$ addition. BPA inhibited $E_2-human$ ER binding activity by $72\%$ at $10^{-5}$ M of BPA. These results suggested that BPA induced VTG synthesis by BPA-ER binding activity in the hepatocyte of rainbow trout.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.146-156
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify Russian inpatients' expectation and satisfaction with nursing service, and further, to analyze the relationship between these variables. Methods: A structured questionnaire was used to survey for 81 Russian inpatients. The survey was conducted from January to June, 2014. Results: Empathy and assurance significantly influenced nursing service expectation and satisfaction. Nursing service expectation was statistically significant for the number of visit to Korea, and nursing service satisfaction was statistically significant for gender, monthly income and primary care giver during hospitalization. Revisit intention was significantly different according to religion, medical department and primary care giver during hospitalization. There were positive correlations between nursing service expectation and satisfaction, and between nursing service satisfaction and intention to revisit the hospital. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the level satisfaction with nursing service influences Russian inpatients' intention continue using the hospital. Therefore, in order to increase the intention to revisit the hospital Korea hospital employees, especially nurses, need to develop nursing service strategies according to general characteristics, culture and nationality of foreign patients.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회 및 bio-venture fair
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• pp.421-424
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• 2000

Cartilage injuries are frequent nowadays. The previous surgical treatment of cartilage defect was limited. Another approach in the treatment of cartilage injuries is the use of reconstitute cartilage consisting of chondrocytes cultured in suitable biodegradable scaffolds. Current studies have demonstrated the compatibility of chondrocytes with different biomaterials and the chondrogenesis in various types of porous scaffolds. The cell ingrowth into the porous scaffolds is modulated by initial cell loading efficiency. Therefore, well-interconnected pore structure and even pore distribution of the scaffolds are essential for efficient cell seeding. According to our previous work, well-interconnected macroporous scaffolds can be prepared by gas-foaming/salt-leaching method using ammonium bicarbonate salt as porogen additives. In this work, primary chondrocytes were cultured in PLGA 65/35 scaffolds fabricated by using our method. Cells seeded in the scaffolds showed well distribution by agitated seeding method. Histochemical staining of proteoglycans present in the scaffolds was used to visualize the chondrocyte ingrowth in the scaffolds. At 3 weeks, the population of chondrocytes was increased for the most part of the scaffolds, and extra cellular matrix (ECM) secretion was increased as culture periods progressed.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.343-347
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• 1994

Effects of betaine on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity were examined on primary culturs of chicken embryonic brain cells and on rat cortical cultures. Betaine was found to attenuate glutamate-induced neurotoxicity both morphologically and biochemically. A 30 min exposure of chicken embryonic brain cells cultured for 12 days to 500 .mu.M glutamate produced wide-spread acute neuronal swelling and neurtic fragmentation. A 2-h pretreatment of cultured chicken embryonic brain cells with i mM betaine prior to a 30 min exposure to 500 , mu, M glutamate significantly raised the survival rate of neurons in the culture. When chicken embryonic brain cells were pretreated for 2 h with i mM betaine followed by exposure to 100 .mu.M glutamate for 42 h, lactate dehydrogenase levels within the cells remained at 62% of .mu.M untreated control values while glutamate-treated control fell to 0% lactate dehydrogenase. Betaine also exerted attenuating effects on N-methyl-D-asparte-, kainate-and quisqualate-induced neurotoxicity in a similar manner to that observed with glutamate. Similar neuroprotective effects of betaine with rat cortical cultures.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2010

The molecule possessing ankyrin-repeats induced by lipopolysaccharide (MAIL) protein is a novel member of the $Ikappa{\beta}$ family. In the present study, we examined the effect of norepinephrine (NE) on MAIL mRNA expression in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes and non-parenchymal liver cells. MAIL mRNA expression in hepatocytes and non-parenchymal liver cells was not directly influenced by NE. However, MAIL mRNA expression in hepatocytes was significantly induced by incubation with a culture medium of non-parenchymal liver cells, treated with NE. Pretreatment with an interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist significantly attenuated the stimulatory effect of the medium. Moreover, exogenous $IL-1{\beta}$ induced MAIL mRNA expression in hepatocytes, while IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor $\alpha$ did not. The concentration of $IL-1{\beta}$ in the medium of non-parenchymal liver cells was significantly increased after NE-treatment. These results suggest that NE can induce MAIL mRNA expression in hepatocytes through $IL-1{\beta}$, released from non-parenchymal liver cells.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2017

The purpose of this research is to explore the factors affecting on Supply chain (SC). In fact, the collaborative supply chain (CSC) concept in Vietnam is quite new. Apart from obvious differences of doing business between Western versus and most of developing countries such as Vietnam, the literature suggests that collaboration in the supply chain (SC) of the furniture industry are quite low. The primary reason for such low adoption rates is low awareness of enterprises. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, a literature survey related to SC, CSC was carried out, and an empirical analysis was conducted among 276 manufacturers in this industry with the results analyzed. Using Cronbach's alpha analysis, Explore Factor Analysis (EFA) and Regression Analysis (RA) with primary data collected 276 valid samples from 393 samples in Vietnam, this paper explores and confirms that there are existed six basic factors affecting the collaboration in supply chain including: (i) Trust; (ii) Power; (iii) Maturity; (iv) Strategy; (v) Culture; and (vi) Frequency. Results of the research show strong evidences for policy makers and enterprises for management the supply chain collaboration in furniture industry as well as its contribution to literature review of supply chain management.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2011

While many isolates of Alternaria alternata are common saprophytes on trees and shrubs, this study clearly demonstrated that A. alternata is a primary pathogen in lilac (Syringa sp.), causing a leaf-blight that affects different Syringa species. Isolates of Alternaria sp. were collected from leaf blight samples of lilacs in the field. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and morphological characterization were used to identify lilac blight pathogen. Based on 100% ITS nucleotide sequence identities to the Alternaria genus in the GenBank and morphological features, these isolates were identified as A. alternata. Disease symptoms were reproduced in lilac plants inoculated with A. alternata mycelial plugs and sprayed with a fungus-free culture filtrate, indicating that pathogenesis in lilac involves secondary metabolites or toxins. Diagnostic primers were developed to detect Alternaria sp. and A. alternata in lilac leaf blight based on ITS region and four known genes associated with pathogenesis in A. alternata: mixed-linked glucanase precursor, endopolygalacturonase, hsp70, and histone genes. The results from our study indicated A. alternata is a primary pathogen in lilac leaf blight, and these diagnostic primers can be used as a tool for the fast detection of A. alternata associated with lilac leaf blight.

• 약학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.161-166
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• 1989

Effects of dammarane glycosides of Panax ginseng on primary cultured chicken embryonic skeletal muscle cells were studied by microscopic observation and determination of the activity of acetylcholinesterase. Muscle cells were prepared from the breast of 12-day-old chicken embryo and cultured with either a medium consisted of 87.5% Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), 10% horse serum and 2.5% chicken embryonic extract or a medium consisted of 90% DMEM and 10% horse serum. It was observed that dammarane glycosides of Panax ginseng seemed to show the tendency to stimulate the growth and the differentiation of the muscle cells cultured with a medium consisted of 90% DMEM and 10% horse serum under microscopic observation. The activity of acetylcholinesterase in the muscle cells cultured with a medium consisted of 90% DMEM and 10% horse serum was increased by dammarane glycosides of Panax ginseng.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2005

The epidermis is a physiological barrier to protect organisms against environment. During the aging process, skin tissues undergo various changes including morphological and functional changes. The transcriptional regulation of genes is part of cellular reaction of aging process. In order to examine the changes of gene expression during the aging process, we used the primary cell culture system of human keratinocytes. Since UV radiation is the most important environmental skin aggressor, causing skin cancer and other problems including premature skin aging, we examined the changes of gene expression in human keratinocytes after UV irradiation using oligonucleotide microarray containing over 10,000 genes. We also compared the gene expression patterns of the senescent and UV treated cells. Expression of the variety of genes related to transcription factors, cell cycle regulation, immune response was altered in human keratinocytes. Some of down-regulated genes are represented in both senescent and UV treated cells. The results may provide a new view of gene expression following UVB exposure and aging process in human keratinocytes.