• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.2249-2254
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• 2015

Currently, green house gas(GHG) emissions in korea is aiming for a 30% reduction that it is compared to BAU by 2020. To this end, the government has proceed to a variety of reduction policies in GHG. In particular, GHG reduction effect in the public buildings is being a active discussion. It needs to reduce GHG for energy efficiency improvements in the way that public buildings are operated and maintained by public taxes. In this background, the purpose of this paper is to study environmental values judgement for non-market goods in the residents who use public buildings. The results of study are as follows; Respond to first suggested price was found the higher in price, the lower in willingness to pay(WTP). The result of second suggested price was as the same. Analysis of DBDC CVM revealed that income level shows a positive impact on WTP, but the other variables are irrelevant to WTP. Therefore, the citizen participation of the local population seems absolutely necessary to more effective GHG reduction of public sector in the future.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.11
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• pp.1520-1527
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to derive COE reduction targets of offshore wind power in Korea. In addition, innovation factors for achieving the COE reduction targets were derived. Also the COE reduction targets of offshore wind power was to improve that national policy, technology, industry and improving regulations would like to help. The results of this study has been created based on the various assumptions, scenarios and experts' discussions. Currently, offshore wind power generation price is 229.72won/kWh in 2012. According to the study, COE of offshore wind power has been proposed 88.8won/kWh at third scenario by 2030. This result has shown competitiveness with fossil fuel power generation.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.55-71
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• 2012

This paper attempts to estimate the energy price elasticity of per capita $CO_2$ emissions, which helps to understand the influence of recent energy price increase on the natural reduction of $CO_2$ emissions. For this purpose, this study researched panel data of twenty-nine OECD countries from 1978 to 2009 and adopted estimation models for testing the environmental Kuznets hypothesis. Estimation results show that the 1% increase of energy price index will cause a statistically significant decrease of per capita $CO_2$ emissions by 0.26 ~ 0.31%, which is substantial enough for policy consideration. Also Kuznet curves in estimation models were identifed, the turning points of income lie between 22.2~48.5 thousand US dollars, depending on model specifications.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.579-587
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• 2014

Korean food is being recognized for its excellence. This paper attempts to provide material for the popularization of Korean cuisine with respect to foreign nationals living in Korea who are vegetarian by studying their Korean cuisine knowledge and preferences. The results of an Importance-Performance Analysis showed that though the importance values of traditional spice use such as garlic and the consideration of ingredient price were high, their performance values were low. Thus, these were areas identified as needing major improvement. Repeated measured data analysis was performed to determine variations in the perception of major factors for the development of Korean cuisine. The results indicated that simplification of seasoning was the most important factor followed by diversification of food ingredients, resale of vegetables in small quantities, ease of obtaining Korean cuisine recipes, and popularization of herbal and temple food, in that order. The least important factor in developing Korean cuisine was determined to be the reduction in levels of salt. Conjoint analysis was performed on the choices affection the selection of Korean cuisine, and price was found to be the most important factor. It was also determined that the effectiveness in the combination of fusion style, health oriented, concurrently served, medium to low price Korean cuisine was highest in preference. The next highest preferred combination was traditional style, health oriented, concurrently served, medium to low price Korean cuisine. The most significant factor to keep in mind in developing Korean dishes for foreign vegetarians was determined to be price. Furthermore, it was important to not simply reduce caloric intake but to use healthy ingredients and cooking methods.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.829-852
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• 2010

The investment in Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects is increasing rapidly as the first implementation period began in 2008. This paper examines on the optimal level of primary Certified Emission Reduction (CER) price, subsidiary original projects investment cost and expected issues CER per year, using UNFCCC CDM Project Design Document (PDD) data. Real option model is developed to incorporate a case where the investment is irreversible and underlying asset price is uncertainty. This study employs Real option approach which allow the optimal level regard as economic feasibility of CER price has analyzed with NPV (Net Present Value) and Black-Scholes call option(Real option) value. Finally, CER supply curve and price elasticity of supply are estimated.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.215-242
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• 2010

This study constructs a bayesian neoclassical DSGE model that applies oil usage. The model includes technology shocks, oil price shocks, and shocks to energy policies as exogenous driving forces. First, this study aims to analyze the roles of these exogenous shocks in the Korean business cycle. Second, this study examines the effects of long-term changes in the energy consumption structure, including the reduction in oil use as a share of energy consumption and improvement in oil efficiency. In the case of oil price shocks, results show that these shocks exert recessionary pressure on the economy in line with those obtained in the previous literature. On the other hand, shocks to energy policies, which reduce oil consumption per capital, result in opposite consequences to oil price shocks, decreasing oil consumption. Also, counterfactual exercises show that long-term changes in the energy consumption structure would mitigate the contractionary effects of oil price shocks.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.667-679
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• 2015

The bearer of the power sector's ETS compliance cost is power consumer for the following reasons. Firstly, power companies are constrained in establishing appropriate strategies to comply with ETS regulations due to the structural differences between the domestic power market and emission trading system. In other words, because power companies do not have a right to determine price and production of electricity, they have to compete with other companies under disadvantaged conditions in the emission trading market. Secondly, because ETS compliance cost is part of power production costs as it is also clearly written in the national greenhouse gas reduction road-map and the second energy supply plan, the cost should be included in power price following the power market operation rule. Thirdly, the most effective method to reduce carbon emissions in power sector is to reduce power demand, which is efficiently achieved through raising power price to a realistic level. Low power price in Korea is the major cause of rising power demand which is also the major cause of rising GHG emission. Therefore, power sector's ETS compliance cost should be included in power price to encourage power consumers' actions on reducing power consumption. Fourthly, when externality cost occurs in the process of delivering public services, usually beneficiary pay principle is applied to identify the cost bearer. Since electricity is one representative public good, the bearer of power sector's ETS compliance cost is power consumer.

• Journal of Applied Tourism Food and Beverage Management and Research
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• v.8
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• pp.21-33
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• 1997

This study reviews the scientific management theories and discusses those theories within the food service industry. By providing the principles and the practical implications of the theories on the food service industry, this study tries to identify their philosophies and usefulness to the industry so that the managers in the industry use them in their dylmanic operations. In the fastly changing modern globalized world, we now face a situation where it's becoming more and more difficult to mange a restaurant business. In order to build a food industry business that can maintain a continuous development in today's business environment, one will have to apply the professional management theory in a cost-reduce strategy. It is more important though to have managers, organization members, in short, any person who can work to be motivated in accomplishing these two major issues-income increase and cost reduction. In this erawhere it's getting so difficult for researches on possible strategies for these business managers to overcome their difficulties. It is for certain that in the upcoming second millenium the travel and tourism industry will be one of the world's biggest industry worldwide. Korea's hotel industry has developed since the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games and has shown great amount of competition within the same business. Thus managers have become acquainted with the "know-how" strategy and the practical and scientific managemnet theories were introduced. This helped not only to increase income but also to maximize profit. However, rather than concentration on the "Hard-ware" aspect "Soft-ware" related professional management strategies were developed along with professionalism and human service were emphazied. As such, the actual cost of food and beverages are for the hotel industry business managers the biggest shortterm expense item. Due to the natural state of food items, there is a great chance of "Loss" in preservance, and this is the reason it is complicated to effectively maintain food. As a consequence, very often, the failure to managea hotel or restaurant depends on the capability of the food and beverage preservance mangement: on how they are able to manage effectively the original price of food and beverage. Finally, the main problem of the original price management of food and beverage in Korean hotels are: a) No fixation of set price b) The difficulty to calculate the price difference between a set price and an original price. c) Lack of professinalism in managing the food and beverage original price. d) Lack of perception of the highest ranking management personnels. So as to reform these matters it is necessary to : a) Reform on the management accounting system b) Emphasize to the people in charge on the idea of original price management c) Reinforce original price mangement prevention and assurance of indepedent inspection rights d) Reat manpower

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.98-114
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• 2003

This paper is written to analyze systematically the varieties of informations about cooking stream procedure on the basis of the basic theory of installation and arrangement such as SLP(Systemic Layout Planning) and to deduce the plan for the device, installation and arrangement suitable to cooking stream procedure. Through the substantial improvement in the modeling of hotel L, the optimization of the capacity of installation and arrangement, and the reduction of food resource stream and its movement and through the analysis of cooking stream procedure by disposing and dividing the main kitchen into three individual ones, the improvement of productivity in comprehensive cookery such as the specialization and equalization of cooking procedure and improvement effect of the price-reduction. Moreover, as for the problem of arrangement of installation, it was displayed that the effect went up to twice through the flexible production-related systems such as the improvement of arrangement, reduction of cooking preparation time, the standardization of cookery.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.177-182
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• 2013

More and more medium and small enterprises do business across the world according to generalization of online shopping mall such as eBay and Amazon. But high export and import transportation cost make weak the price competitive power of medium and small enterprises products. Then this paper deals with the development of new business model which can reduce the transportation cost for global logistics through efficiently overcoming the constraints as length, size, and weight of product. We explain this model with application for company which export the automobile parts. We can expect the transportation cost reduction by 50%.