• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권8호
• /
• pp.4175-4179
• /
• 2016

Background: Oral cavity cancer (OCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. No studies have reported on the prevalence and epidemiologic risk factors of oral premalignant lesions (OPLs) in Thailand. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of OPLs and associated factors in Roi Et Province, Thailand. Materials and Methods: To investigate the prevalence of OPLs, a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in which 2,300 subjects over 40 years of age were recruited and screened for the prevalence of OPLs. To identify factors associated with OPLs, a matched case-control study was used in which the subjects were 102 cases with OPL and 102 matched controls without OPLs. The studies were conducted in Roi Et Province during the period 1 February, 2014, to 30 April, 2014, and the data were collected by the use of a structured interview questionnaire and by extraction of information from medical records. Data analyses involved the use of descriptive statistics, McNemar's test, and conditional logistic regression. Results: The overall prevalence of OPLs was 3.8%, and no-one was diagnosed with more than one type of OPL. The factors found to be associated with a statistically significant higher risk of an OPL were betel nut chewing, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The associations with these factors were strong, especially for betel nut chewing and smoking. Conclusions: The habits of betel nut chewing, smoking, and alcohol use are confirmed as factors associated with OPLs in a population of Roi Et Province, Thailand. Campaigns to reduce such risk healthy behaviour are needed, but whether any actual decrease will prevent the eventual transformation of an OPL into an OCC remains an open question.

• 한국노년학
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.727-749
• /
• 2016

본 연구는 국내 외 지역사회에 거주하는 노인의 근감소증과 인지기능에 관한 연구 동향을 파악하기 위해 수행된 체계적 문헌 고찰이다. 본 연구의 선정 논문은 국내 외 문헌 중 지역사회에 거주하는 노인을 대상으로 근감소증의 유병률 또는 근감소증과 인지기능의 상관관계를 조사하였거나, 근감소증 완화 목적으로 시행된 중재 연구로, 총 43편의 논문이 포함되었다. 국내 외 근감소증의 유병률은 총 25편의 논문에서 2.5-42.4%의 다양한 범위로 보고되었으며, 인지기능과의 관계를 분석한 6편의 논문 중 4편에서 근감소증과 인지기능 저하가 유의한 양의 상관관계로 보고되었다. 근감소증 개선을 위한 중재 연구 12편에서 근육량, 근력 또는 신체 기능 향상에 대한 중재 효과를 확인하였으나, 근감소증 결과지표로 인지기능 평가를 시행한 논문은 없었다. 지역사회거주 노인을 대상으로 근감소증을 예방 및 개선하고 효과를 평가하기 위해서는 표준화된 진단을 적용한 지역사회 내 근감소증 감시체계와 신체기능 뿐만 아니라 인지기능 평가를 포함하는 포괄적이고 지속적인 근감소증 관리체계가 필요하다. 또한 지역사회 기반 근감소증 예방을 위한 근거를 생산하기 위해 지속적인 중재연구의 개발 및 적용이 요구된다.

• 근관절건강학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.223-233
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to systematically review the contents and effectiveness of education programs for preventing diabetic foot ulcer among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea. Methods: Six electronic databases were searched using search terms, and 748 articles were identified. Ten articles were eligible based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Article quality was evaluated using a critical evaluation checklist for manuscripts before performing the systematic review. Results: Although education programs for preventing diabetic foot ulcers have been continuously studied for 20 years, the number of studies is small, and to our knowledge, there have been no studies reporting on the subsequent prevalence of foot ulcers or amputations. While the effect of these education programs on knowledge (ES=1.23) and self-management behavior (ES=.96) was shown to be statistically significant, it was not shown to be significant in preventing diabetic foot ulcers (ES=.03). Conclusion: The actual preventive effect on the prevalence of foot ulcers, through education programs for preventing diabetic foot ulcer could not be determined. Our findings highlight a potential need for studies aimed at developing effective programs to improve education on preventing diabetic foot ulcers.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.507-511
• /
• 2022

Law enforcement officers (LEOs) often encounter rapidly changing and uncontrolled situations that expose them to various hazards. A law enforcement agency requested an evaluation by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) when multiple LEOs reported illness after executing a search warrant and taking a suspect into custody. NIOSH investigators interviewed LEOs and reviewed medical records, forensic laboratory results for collected evidence, and environmental testing results of samples taken after the operation. Two-thirds (25 of 38) of LEOs who participated in the operation reported ≥1 symptom. Eleven LEOs met a case definition for influenza-like illness (ILI). Members of one unit were more likely to have ILI than non-members (prevalence ratio (PR), 4.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3-13.0; p = 0.01). Influenza vaccination was associated with a lower prevalence of ILI (PR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1-0.9; p = 0.02). Preventing employees from working while ill and annual influenza vaccination might prevent similar occurrences.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.135-141
• /
• 1983

우리나라 농재지역의 회충감염에 있어서 현재감염률(prevalence)과 월재감염률(monthlyreinfection rate)의 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 1975년부터 1980년까지 경기도 화성군 등 10개지역의 주민 총 4,466명에 대하여 충란융성여부에 관계없이 전원 pyrantel pamoate 10mg/kg을 투약한 뒤 2,547명으로부터 투약후 2일간의 전대편을 수집하였다. 수집될 대편으로부터 구충되어 배출된 인충의 성충 및 유약충(young worm)을 골라내고 충체수집검사자중 충체양성자 비율을 현재감염률로 표시하는 한편, 유약충양성자를 가려내어 지난 2개월동안의 누적연감염률로 표시하였다. 또 이로부터 월경감염률을 구한 뒤 현재감난률과의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 상관관계의 model은 Hayash의 시간-감염률(time.prevalence) 관계곡선식을 응용하였다. 조사한 10개지역의 감염률 및 1인당 평균 감염량은 각각 13.6~72.3% 및 1.4~10.2의 범위에 있었고, 계산된 월재감염률은 지성에 따라 2.6~16.2%의 범위에 있었다. 감염률(Y)과 월재감염률(X)은 서로 깊은 사성 상관관계를 나타내고 있었고, 상관곡선식은 $Y=1-(1-X)^{7.2}$로 나타났다. 수식중 수치 7.2는 이론적으로 회충감염이 일차투약으로 완전치료된 후 다시 재감염되어 평형상태에 도달하기 위한 기간(개월)으로 해석되었다. 또, 회충이 재감염에 의해서 감염률이 지속적으로 상승하지 않고 7~8개월후 평형상태를 유지하게 된다는 것은 인체내에서 회충이 대략 7~8개월만에 새로운 충체에 의해서 바뀌어지고 있음을(turn over) 의미하는 것으로 생각되었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제51권12호
• /
• pp.1310-1314
• /
• 2008

목 적: 군포시 저소득층 소아들의 건강상태를 알아보고 저소득층 소아에서 비만도, 고지혈증, 고혈압, 높은 공복 혈당의 유병률을 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법: 2007년 10월부터 2008년 3월까지 원광대 산본병원에서 기초생활수급을 받는 저소득층 가정의 소아 341명을 대상으로 키, 몸무게, 혈압 등 신체계측과 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL-콜레스테롤, 공복혈당, 혈색소, 간기능, 전해질 검사 등을 시행하였다. 결 과: 전체 수검자는 341명으로 남아 174명 여아 167명이였고 평균연령은 여아군이 $9.8{\pm}2.0$세, 남아군이 $9.8{\pm}1.9$세 였으며 두군 모두 연령 범위는 6-13세였다. 체질량지수가 성별 연령별 95백분위수 이상을 비만으로 정하였을 때 비만아는 7.0%였고 고지혈증은 16.7%, 고혈압은 8.2%, 높은 공복혈당을 보인 소아는 0.3%였다. 특히 비만아중 고혈압의 빈도가 25%로 높았다. 결 론: 경제적 수준이 낮은 가정의 소아들에서 비만, 고지혈증, 고혈압의 빈도가 조금 높았으며 공복혈당의 증가는 높지 않았다. 특히 비만아에서의 고혈압 유병율이 높았으며 이는 낮은 경제적 수준이 고혈압의 빈도 증가와 관련이 있다고 하겠다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2021

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of acute stress disorder (ASD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with traffic injuries. In addition, PTSD patients was classified using 'pattern identification for jing ji and zheng chong'. Methods: Questionnaires such as the primary care PTSD screen for DSM-5(PC-PTSD-5), Korean version of PTSD checklist-5 (PCL-5-K), and the instrument of pattern identification for jing ji and zheng chong were conducted on 195 patients within 3 days to 1 year after traffic accidents. Patients were recruited from six medical institutions. Collected data were used to determine the prevalence of acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. Results: On PC-PTSD-5, the prevalence was 39.1% for ASD and 50% for PTSD. On PCL-5-K, the prevalence was 20.4% for ASD and 29.3% for PTSD. Satisfying both PC-PTSD-5 and PCL-5-K, the prevalence was 18.2% for ASD and 25.8% for PTSD. As a result of pattern identification for jing ji and zheng chong, 'weakness of heart and gall bladder type' accounted for the highest proportions in both ASD and PTSD groups. Conclusions: In this study, the prevalence was 39.1% for ASD and 50% for PTSD by PC-PTSD-5. Satisfying both PC-PTSD-5 and PCL-5-K, the prevalence was 18.2% for ASD and 25.8% for PTSD. Further large-scale prospective studies are needed to analyze the prevalence of ASD and PTSD, the rate of progression from ASD to PTSD, and the type of pattern identification.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.106-117
• /
• 2016

Osteoporosis is a major health problem that can lead to mortality. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis separately and to assess the risk factors associated with osteopenia/osteoporosis in Korean men aged 50 years and over. A total of 1,136 subjects were analyzed among the participants of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010~2011 by using SPSS statistics complex samples (windows ver. 23.0). The prevalence rates of osteopenia and osteoporosis were 46.3% and 7.3%, respectively, and the mean ages of both osteopenia and osteoporosis risk groups were significantly higher than that of the normal group. The mean values for lifetime tallest height and bone mineral density in whole body, total femur, femoral neck, and lumbar spine were significantly lower in the risk group(osteopenia/osteoporosis) than in the normal group, whereas the mean values for height, body weight, BMI, waist circumference, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides of the two groups showed no significant differences. The intakes of energy and carbohydrates were significantly higher in the risk group than in the normal group. The results of multiple logistic regression showed that being underweight and having hypercholesterolemia were significantly related with the prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis, whereas health habits such as smoking and exercise, chronic diseases such as obesity and hypertension, and nutrient intakes were not. These findings suggest the need for further studies to examine osteopenia/osteoporosis risk factors and outcomes specificly focused on Korean men.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.118-128
• /
• 2005

A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the prevalence and related factors of musuculoskeletal symptoms in automobile manufacturing, steel processing, electric assembly line, and wood processing industries. A study subjects were 3,434 workers from small and medium scale companies of Incheon. Walk-through surveys were performed from Feb. of 2004 to Oct. of 2004 to investigate various physical work factors. Symptom prevalence rate by related factors was that women worker showed higher rate than man, and married person was higher than single person. For the working year, group of person who were working less than 3 year showed the highest rate. However, the group of person who were working more than 10 hour per day showed the highest rate. For the total subjects, prevalence of symptoms by body area was as follows: shoulder symptoms were the most frequently reported symptoms(253 person, 7.0%), followed by back(155 person, 4.5%), hand or fingers (136 person, 4.0%), lower extremities(131 person, 3.9%), neck(108 person, 3.1%), and elbow symptoms(97 person, 2.8%).

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.207-211
• /
• 2007

많은 연구에서 대구치의 백악법랑 경계부에 나타나는 법랑돌기의 발현이 치주질환과 밀접한 연관성을 보인다고 하였다. 이 연구는 서울대학교 치과병원에 내원한 환자에서 발거된 치아 660개 중 법랑돌기의 관찰이 가능하고, 제 1, 2대구치의 구별이 가능한 530개의 치아를 대상으로 치면별, 치아별 법랑돌기의 발현빈도를 알아보고자 시행하였다. 법랑돌기의 관찰이 용이하도록 깨끗이 세정한 후, 8배 전자확대경을 이용하여 상, 하악 제 1, 2대구치의 협면, 근심면, 원심면, 설면(구개면)에 나타나는 법랑돌기를 조사하였다. 법랑돌기의 발현빈도는 상악에서 45.49%, 하악에서 39.62%로, 하악에서보다 상악에서 높았으며, 제1대구치는 45.22%, 제2대구치는 39.89%로, 제2대구치보다 제1대구치에서 더 높게 나타났다. 또한 치면별 발현빈도는 전체 대상치아의 협면에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, 상악 제1대구치 협면에서 78.27%, 상악 제2대구치 협면에서 81.23%, 하악 제1대구치 협면에서 76.86%, 하악 제2대구치 협면에서 70.3%의 발현율을 보였다. 이 연구의 결과는 이전의 보고에 비해 높은 법랑돌기의 발현빈도를 보여주고 있으며, 이는 8배 전자확대경을 이용한 관찰에 의한 결과로 생각된다.