• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.65-73
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• 1987

1983년 5월부터 1984년 7월까지 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원의 컴퓨터자동화 건강센터에 내원하였던 3,088명을 대상으로 하여 당뇨병의 유병율 및 당뇨병과 여러 인자들 특히 비만증과의 상관관계를 통계 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 당뇨병과 당내성 장애군의 유병율은 각각 2.3%와 18.3%이다. 2) 성별에 다른 당뇨병의 유병율은 남자가 2.6%, 여자 1.7%로 남녀간에 통계적으로 유의한 차는 없었다. 3) 당뇨병의 유병율은 10대에서 70대까지 각각 0%, 0.45%, 0.67%, 3.47%, 5.36%, 10%로써 나이가 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향이 있었다. 4) 정상군과 당뇨병군에서 비만증의 빈도는 각각 18.03%, 22.86%로써 통계학적으로 의의가 없었다($P{\geq}0.1$). 5) 비만증과 비만증군에서 당내성 장애 및 당뇨병의 유병율응 통계학적으로 의의가 없었다($P{\geq}0.1$). 6) 당내성이 감소함에 따라 단백뇨, 고BUN혈증 및 고혈압의 빈도는 유의한 증가가 있었다($P{\leq}0.05$).

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2006

연구배경: IAP의 증가는 혈류량을 감소시켜 여러 장기에 영향을 준다. IAH는 IAP가 12 mmHg 이상 또는 APP가 60 mmHg 이하로, ACS는 IAP가 20 mmHg 이상이면서 동시에 하나 이상의 장기 손상이 있는 경우로 각각 정의한다. 저자들은 중환자에서 IAH 및 ACS의 유병률과 이들이 환자의 예후에 미치는 영향을 고찰하고자 하였다. 방 법: 고려대학교 의료원 중환자실에 입원하는 내과계 환자를 대상으로 하여, APACHE II 및 III 점수, SAPS II 점수를 기록하였다. IAP는 삼중관 요도관을 통하여, 입원 7일째까지 매일 3회 측정하였고, 환자가 사망하거나 일반 병실로 전실 또는 요도관을 제거할 때까지 계속하였다. 환자의 예후는 28일을 기준으로 판단하였다. 결 과: 총 111명 대상 환자들의 입원 1일 IAH 및 ACS의 유병률은 각각 47.7%, 15.3%였다. 사망군과 생존군 사이에 IAH의 유병률은 유의한 차이가 없었으나, ACS는 사망군에서 더 높았다 (p=0.004). 사망군에서 IAP는 더 높았고 (p=0.012), APP는 유의하게 낮았다 (p<0.001). 결 론: 중환자에서 입원 1일에 측정한 IAP의 증가, APP의 감소 및 ACS 발생은 환자의 사망과 연관이 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.224-232
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to identify the dietary patterns associated with the risk of hypertensions among Korean adults using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2008-2010). This study analyzes data from 11,883 subjects who participated in the health and nutrition survey, aging from 20 to 64 years. We performed factor analysis based on the weekly mean intake frequencies of 36 food groups to identify major dietary patterns. We identified three major dietary patterns in both sexes, namely "traditional", "western" and "dairy and carbohydrate" patterns. Participants in the highest quartile of western pattern scores had significantly higher blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels than those in the lowest quartile. Although not statistically significant, a trend (P for trend = 0.0732) toward a positive association between the western dietary pattern and hypertension risk was observed after adjustments for age, sex, education, income, body mass index (BMI), smoking, physical activity, and energy intake. The dairy and carbohydrate pattern was inversely related with BMI and blood pressures and positively associated with serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. After adjusting the age, sex, education, income, BMI, smoking, physical activity and energy intake, the dairy and carbohydrate pattern showed inverse associations with hypertension prevalence (OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.55-0.75; P for trend < 0.0001). Intakes of fiber, sodium, and antioxidant vitamins were significantly higher in the top quartile for the traditional pattern than in the lowest quartile for the traditional pattern (P for trend < 0.0001). Intakes of fiber (P for trend < 0.0001), calcium (P for trend < 0.0001), retinol (P for trend = 0.0164), vitamin $B_1$ (P for trend = 0.001), vitamin $B_2$ (P for trend < 0.0001), niacin (P for trend = 0.0025), and vitamin C (P for trend < 0.0001) were significantly increased across quartiles for the dairy and carbohydrate pattern whereas sodium (P for trend < 0.0001) intake was decreased for this pattern. In conclusion, the dairy and carbohydrate pattern may be associated with a reduced risk of hypertension whereas the western pattern may be associated with an increased risk of hypertension among Korean adults.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.167-182
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to identify the major health components and measurements to be conducted in National Health Examination Survey(KNHES). The prevalence and severity of disease, acceptability of population and the possibility of standardization of measurement were considered as guideline for selecting the components. On the base of magnitude and severity of disease, chronic liver disease, hepatic cancer, gastric ulcer, stomach cancer, essential hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, pulmonary tuberculosis, lung cancer, DM, breast cancer, cervical cancer, arthritis and intervertebral disc disorder were selected as the preliminary target diseases. Questionnaire survey for 648 persons in 'K' city and medical specialists in five clinical societies were conducted for evaluation the acceptability of general population for the measurements and the possibility of standardization for the procedures. In conclusion, the major target diseases were chronic liver disease, hypertension and DM and the total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, hemoglobulin, hematocrit, platlet count, anti-HBs, HBsAg, height and weight were selected for basic physical components.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.60-70
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• 2022

Background and Objectives: There is growing evidence supporting the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and metabolic disease risk. However, little is known about the association between UPF consumption and blood pressure (BP). Thus, this study examined the association between UPF consumption and elevated BP in Korean adults. Methods: This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018) and included 9,188 participants aged 30-79 years without a history of hypertension diagnosis. Food items reported in a one-day 24-hour recall were categorized on the basis of the NOVA (not an acronym) food classification criteria. UPF consumption was estimated as the contribution to total energy intake. Elevated BP was defined as systolic BP ≥120 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥80 mmHg. The independent association between UPF consumption and elevated BP was assessed by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: The upper tertile of UPF consumption was significantly associated with elevated BP compared with the lower tertile, after adjusting for potential confounders. A linear trend was observed for elevated BP across the tertiles of the dietary energy contribution of UPF. Similar results were found in stratified analyses by age group, smoking, obesity, and overall dietary quality. However, a marginal level of association was found in some subgroups, current smokers, and non-obese adults. Conclusions: The dietary energy contribution of UPF consumption was positively associated with increased prevalence of elevated BP, and these findings suggest that lowering UPF consumption might help prevent BP elevation.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2008

Purpose: Metabolic syndrome (also known as insulin resistance syndrome) represents a constellation of hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, and obesity. Presently, the influence of various factors on metabolic syndrome was assessed in patients of a university hospital comprehensive medical examination center. Methods: Age, sex, blood pressure, height, weight, triglyceride level, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose levels were measured in 67 people (37 males and 30 females). These factors were correlated with tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and exercise habits. Metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity were assessed according to NCEP-ATP III criteria and the Asia-Pacific guidelines (male obesity defined as a waist circumference exceeding 90 cm), respectively. Data was analyzed using t-test, 2-test, and logistic regression. Results: Respective percentages were: tobacco use (14.9% of the 67 people), no tobacco use (85.1%), alcohol consumption (62.7%), no alcohol consumption (37.3%), regular exercise (25.4%), no regular exercise (74.6%). Logistic regression analysis revealed a gender-related odds ratio of 2.3 for metabolic syndrome and no exercise. Conclusions: Weight reduction and physical exercise may decrease the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Early identification of metabolic syndrome and risk factor modification is prudent in cases of obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.251-264
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• 2022

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for approximately half of all heart failure (HF) cases. The prevalence of HFpEF is increasing due to an aging population with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. HFpEF remains a challenging clinical entity due to a lack of effective treatment options. Traditional HF medications have not been shown to reduce mortality of patients with HFpEF, and an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator is not indicated due to normal ejection fraction. Sudden death is the most common mode of death in patients with HFpEF; however, the underlying mechanisms of sudden death are not fully elucidated. Although ventricular arrhythmias are responsible for the majority of sudden deaths in general, their contribution to sudden deaths in HFpEF patients is likely less significant. The mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmias in HFpEF are 1) reduced conduction velocity due to ventricular hypertrophy, 2) delayed repolarization due to potassium current down-regulation, 3) calcium leakage due to altered excitation-contraction coupling, and 4) increased ventricular fibrosis caused by systemic inflammation. Hypertension and subsequent ventricular hypertrophy reduce the conduction velocity in HFpEF hearts via heterogeneous distribution of connexin 43. Delayed repolarization caused by potassium current down-regulation in HFpEF hearts provides a window for early afterdepolarization to trigger ventricular arrhythmias. Altered excitation-contraction coupling in HFpEF can cause calcium to leak and trigger delayed afterdepolarization. Increased systemic inflammation and subsequent ventricular fibrosis provide substrates for re-entry. Further research is warranted to investigate the detailed mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmias in HFpEF.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2011

좌심실 비대는 심부전, 허혈성 심질환, 부정맥과 같은 심혈관계 질환의 이환율 및 사망률을 높이는 강력한 위험 인자이며 고혈압으로 초래되는 가장 초기 단계의 심장 변화 이기도 하다. 소아청소년 고혈압 환자들은 분명한 심혈관계 합병증 보다는 무증상의 좌심실 비대만 볼 수 있는 경우가 대부분이나 치료하지 않는 경우 성인에서의 심혈관 합병증으로 이행될 위험이 크다. 표적장기 손상의 가장 대표적인 증거이기도 한 좌심실 비대는 소아청소년에서 고혈압 전 단계 상태에서도 나타나므로 고혈압의 진단 당시와 추후의 추적 진료 중 정기적으로 심초음파를 통한 좌심실 질량의 측정이 이루어 져야 한다. 좌심실 비대가 보인다면 적극적인 약물 치료가 또한 이루어져야 한다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.208-217
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• 2015

The exact diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is very important in the treatment of hypertension. The purpose of our study is to determine the relationship between left ventricular remodeling patterns and electrocardiography (ECG) findings in hypertensive patients. We divided 137 patients into four groups according to left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and the relative wall thickness: normal, concentric remodeling, concentric hypertrophy, eccentric hypertrophy. LVH on the ECG was defined by three ECG criteria: Sokolow-Lyon voltage criteria, Cornell voltage criteria and Romhilt-Estes point score. LVH on the echocardiography was defined by LVMI. The prevalence of ECG LVH was increased in concentric hypertrophy and eccentric hypertrophy group. The QRS voltages by Sokolow-Lyon voltage criteria (r = 0.494, P = 0.002) and Cornell voltage criteria (r = 0.628, P < 0.001), and Romhilt-Estes point score (r = 0.689, P < 0.001) were positively correlated with LVMI. Also, the QRS voltages and point scores were significantly increased in the concentric hypertrophy and eccentric hypertrophy group with increased LVMI. The QRS voltage and Romhilt-Estes point scores were positively correlated with LVMI. The QRS voltages and Romhilt-Estes point scores were also increased in the left ventricular remodeling groups with increased LVMI.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2008

연구배경: COPD 환자에서 혈청 C-반응단백은 증가하는 것으로 알려져 있으며 이러한 변화는 급성 악화 시 보다 두드러진다. 폐동맥 고혈압은 COPD의 흔한 합병증 중 하나이며, C-반응단백은 전신적 심혈관계 질환 발생 위험과 밀접한 관련이 있다고 알려져 왔다. 하지만, COPD에서 이차적으로 발생하는 폐동맥 고혈압에 대한 C-반응단백의 영향에 대해서는 연구가 미비한 상태이다. 방법: 본 연구는 AECOPD에 대해 입원 치료를 시작한 72명의 환자를 대상으로 전향적으로 연구하였다. 환자들은 AECOPD에 대한 즉각적인 치료를 받았고 입원 2일 또는 3일째 실내 환기 하에서 혈청 C-반응단백, 동맥혈 산소 분압, 폐동맥 고혈압에 대한 이환 여부 등에 대한 검사를 시행 받았다. 결과: 폐동맥 고혈압에 이환된 환자는 47명으로 전체 환자 중 65.3%에 달하였다. COPD의 중증도가 심할수록 폐동맥 고혈압의 이환율과 C-반응단백 평균치가 증가하였고, C-반응단백 평균치가 증가할수록 평균 우심실 수축압 역시 증가하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 폐동맥 고혈압 환자군과 비환자군에서 C-반응단백은 각각 $37.6{\pm}7.4mg/L$ 와 $19.9{\pm}6.6mg/L$ 통계적으로 의미 있게 폐동맥고혈압 환자군에서 높았지만, 동맥혈 산소분압은 양 군간 의미 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다($77.8{\pm}3.6mmHg$ vs. $87.2{\pm}6.0mmHg$). 결론: 본 연구는 COPD의 급성 악화 시 증가된 C-반응 단백은 폐동맥 고혈압의 이환 여부와 밀접한 관련이 있는 것을 보여 주고 있으며, 이는 COPD의 예후에 심혈관계 질환의 이환 여부가 중요하다는 점을 감안할 때 C-반응단백의 COPD에 대한 독립적 예후인자로서의 가능성을 시사해 준다.