• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.513-520
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• 2000

Objectives : To estimate the prevalence of hypertension, rates of awareness, treatment modalities, and control of hypertension, and also to identify factors in rural Korea that are related to these aspects of hypertension. Methods : A cross-sectional survey, including blood pressure(BP) measurements and interviews, investigating the variables in the health belief model was peformed from August to November, 1999 on 1,426 (79.4%) study subjects out of 1,797 registered residents over 30 years old in Ibansong-Myun, Chinju City. A second survey was peformed from January to March, 2000 on 376 (80.0%) subjects out of 470 hypertensive (or suspected hypertensive) subjects found in the first survey. Two BP readings were taken in each survey using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Hypertension was defined as either a BP reading $\geq$ 140/90 mmHg in both surveys, or as subjects on oral hypertensive medication. Results : Estimated hypertension prevalence was 24.9% for men, and 30.4% for women. Rates of hypertension awareness, treatment (the regular use of oral hypertensives), and control (reduction of BP to <140/90 mmHg) were 52.5%, 34.4%, and 12.9%, respectively. The factors related to lower hypertension awareness in the logistic regression analysis were male gender, farming occupation, and higher perceived barrier to medical treatment (those for whom visiting health professionals is a burden). Conclusions : To improve the low awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, a more active and out-reaching hypertension control program, including routine BP measurements for every visitor to primary care facilities, is needed in rural Korea.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.123-128
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• 1987

To estimate the prevalence of hypertension among the aged in urban area, the blood pressure was examined on the subjects of 565 men and 762 women of 65 years old and older among the residents of Nam-Ku and Soosung-Ku in Taegu between January and December, 1986. The mean systolic blood pressure was $136.0{\pm}25.01mmHg$ in male and $133.0{\pm}24.56mmHg$ in female. The mean diastolic blood pressure was $83.7{\pm}14.41mmHg$ in male and $82.4{\pm}14.43mmHg$ in female. There was no significant differences between male and female in both mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure. According to WHO category, the prevalence of pure systolic hypertension (${\geq}$160/<95mmHg) was 7.8% in male and 6.8% in female. The prevalence of pure diastolic hypertension(<160/${\geq}$95mmHg) was 6.0% in male and 3.9% in female. The prevalence of both systolic and diastolic hypertension (${\geq}160/{\geq}95mmHg$) was 13.5% in male and 12.9% in female. According to joint National Committee category, the percentage of normal blood pressure (/<90mmHg) was 46.7% in male and 50.8% in female. The prevalence of mild hypertension (/90=104mmHg) was 34.5% in male and 34.6% in female. The prevalance of moderate hypertension (/105=144mmHg) was 5.1% in male and 2.5% in female. The prevalence of severe hypertension (/${\geq}$115mmHg) was 2.3% in male and 3.0% in female. The prevalence of borderline isolated systolic hypertension (140-159/<90mmHg) was 9.0% in male and 6.6% in female. The prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension (${\geq}$160/<90mmHg) was 2.3% in male and 2.5% in female.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.74-83
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• 2011

Objectives: This study aimed to identify and assess the factors related to the awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension based on jurisdictional areas of primary health care posts in a rural community of Korea. Methods: This study was performed on 4598 adults aged over 30 years in a rural community and we measured their blood pressure (BP) from October. 2007 to August. 2009. Hypertension is defined as a condition characterized by a systolic BP ${\geq}$ 140 mmHg, a diastolic BP ${\geq}$ 90 mmHg or reported treatment with antihypertensive medications. We analyzed the factors related with the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension using chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 34.7%. The age-adjusted rates of hypertension awareness, treatment and control were 50.6%, 93.9% and 64.1%, respectively. Awareness of hypertension was related with increasing age. Higher awareness was found among men who were felt more stress, were obese and had hypercholesterolemia, and among women who were regulary taking medicine for hypertension, were obese and had diabetes mellitus. In women, the hypertension treatment was related a Medical aid and education for hypertension management. Controlled hypertension was more common among men who were educated about the management of hypertension and among women who had hypercholesterolemia. Conclusions: The awareness of hypertension was low and the control of hypertension was high compared with the nationwide data (KNHANES 2005). The results suggest that understanding the characteristics of hypertension in a community is important to perform a community based hypertension control program.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

Hypertension is a major risk factor of atherosclerosis which results in cardiovascular disease, and remains a major health problem worldwide. While children are more likely to have secondary hypertension, recent studies support the theory that the prevalence of essential hypertension in children and adolescents is increasing with the global epidemic of childhood obesity, and close attention is needed. Evaluation of hypertension in the pediatric age group should be guided by the age at presentation, and renal diseases must be considered in every child with hypertension, because of the prevalence of renovascular and renal parenchymal disorders as the etiology in any age group. The majority of children with chronic kidney disease are hypertensive, and many have associated end organ damage. Thus, once hypertension has been confirmed, end organ care as well as pharmacologic therapy must be continued. In renovascular hypertension, as cure could be gained with surgical/endovascular intervention, accurate diagnosis is important and it is recommended that every suspected child should undergo angiography.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.4 s.55
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• pp.705-719
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• 1996

Since the 1960s, Korea has achieved rapid economic growth, longer life expectancy, accelerated urbanization and a westenization of diet. Cardiovascular disease has become the leading cause of death; however the prevalence of ischemic heart disease(IHD) remains low. A cross-sectional multiphasic screening service for 18,426 persons aged $30\sim64$ years in a Medical Aid Program in Kyonggi-do Province was conducted from 1991 to 1993. Total cholesterol(TC), fasting blood glucose(FBG), blood pressure(BP), and electrocardiographic(EKG) data were collected. The result as follows ; 1. On the EKG findings, the age-adjusted prevalence of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction was 1.45% in men and 2.06% in women. 2. The mean blood pressure was 122.9/78.8mmHg. The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 11.05% in men and 9.02% in women. The prevalence of hypertension showed increasing tendency according to age increase. In all age group, the prevalence of hypertension was higher in men than women. 3. The mean total cholesterol level was 184.4mg/dl in men and 189.2mg/dl in women. The age-adjusted prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 4.88% in men and 5.67% in women. The total cholesterol level showed increasing tendency according to age increase, except $55\sim64$ age group in men. 4. The prevalence of hyperglycemia is 5.8%. The age-adjusted prevalence of hyperglycemia is 6.72% in men and 4.50% in women. The prevalence of hyperglycemia showed increasing tendency according to age increase. 5. On the EKG findings, the prevalence of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction was higher in hypertension than normal, in all age group of men and women less than 40 years-old. Only in women more t]fan 40 years-old, the prevalence of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction was higher in hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia. Nevertheless there is not statistical association between ischemia heart disease and previous risk factors in other age group, the prevalence of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction was higher in hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia than normal. The result of this study suggest that relationships between major risk factor of ischemic heart disease and ischemic heart disease is similar to existing theory.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.507-519
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence, health behaviors, and control of hypertension in rural areas in Korea. Method: A total of 927 subjects above age 20 were selected from the areas which fell under the jurisdiction of the 24 Community Health Center located in Chungcheongbuk-do. The employees in the Community Health Center visited and interviewed patients. Data were collected using a questionnaire from July to October 2002. Result: The result showed that women had higher hypertension prevalence rates than men and the increment of its rate leveled up according to age. The hypertension prevalence rate was significantly high when the monthly income was less than 1 million won, their type of the Medical Insurance was the Guardian, they were only able to read Korean characters, and they were bereaved of spouses. In the Health behavior related to hypertension, the hypertension group showed a significantly lower level than the non- hypertension group in terms of drinking rate, smoking rate, intake of salt and intake of meat. There was no significant difference in the exercise rate and coffee intake rate between these groups. In the degree of the obesity the hypertension group was significantly higher than the non-hypertension group. The factors related to hypertension were that the duration for the incidence of hypertension was 12 to 60 months and took up 41.2%. The places where the medical check-ups occurred were the Community Health Center at 46.6%, the medical institution was mostly hospitals recording 46.5%. There were 66.1% of the targets who knew well about their blood pressure and there were 64.7% people who received education about it. As for the education place, the rate of Community Health Center was mostly high and it stood at 77.0%. In the aspect of the management of hypertension, the targets who took medicine on a regular basis were up to 76.1% and the targets who measured blood pressure once a month happened to be about 46.1 %. The targets who always recorded their blood pressure were 3.8%, chest X-ray as a related examination of hypertension reached 32.6%, electrocardiogram examination was 36.2%, cholesterol and serum lipid examination took up 33.6%, and the eye ground examination took 7.3%, which showed the lowest level of all.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.460-472
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• 1994

Prevalences of hypertension and obesity of primary school children in Kangnung were investigated, and the correlations between blood perssure and measured anthropometry were also studied to identify the factors that influence on blood pressure. 1,164 children (602 boys and 562 girls) from five elementary schools were chosen for this study. Anthropometric measurements were taken for blood pressure, body weight, height, triceps skinfold, and circumferences of chest and arm. Data of family history of hypertension were obtained by means of prepared questionnaires. Prevalences of hypertension were 3.3% in boys and 3.1% in girls. The group with elevated blood pressure had relatively a greater frequency of familial hypertension and significantly higher mean body weight and obesity index. The prevalence of obesity was defined as percentage of children whose rates of current weight to standard weight for height and sex in Korean children were more than 120%. Prevalence of obesity were 16.3% in boys, 10.3% in girls. There findings clearly revealed the influences of above-average weight and familial hypertension on blood pressure. These results suggest that children with familial hypertension should be avoid excess adiposity and be measured blood pressure regularly.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.509-515
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• 2022

To comparison of the differences in affecting factors of prevalence of obesity and hypertension according to the employment type of single-person households, aged 20 to 59 years old people were classified by permanent and temporary workers(n=566). A questionnaire survey was conducted by purposive quota sampling to ask disease, income and health habits. In the results of logistic regression on hypertension and obesity, the prevalence of hypertension was significantly affected as age and obesity increased regardless of employment type. In particular, temporary workers with lower income were more likely to have hypertension(p<0.001). The prevalence of obesity was significantly lower for female than for male regardless of employment type. In particular, temporary workers had a higher prevalence of obesity as their dinner fidelity decreased(p<0.001). As a result, chronic disease management for single-person households with lower income and dinner fidelity should be intervened in more useful ways.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.228-241
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia among women with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: This cross-sectional study of 288 women with rheumatoid arthritis was conducted in a university-affiliated hospital. Data were collected by reviewing the women's medical charts and self-report questionnaires. Results: The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia was 27.8%, 5.9% and 48.3%, respectively. Despite the high prevalence of dyslipidemia, the subjects'awareness of it and its treatment rates were the lowest, which resulted in a low control rate. Of the 288 subjects, 158 (55%) had at least one of the three conditions. The prevalence of the combination of cardiovascular risk factors increased with age, and 32.7% of those aged 60 or older had two or three of the cardiovascular risk factors. Combinations of cardiovascular risk factors were significantly related with severe pain and fatigue. Conclusion: Cardiovascular risk factors were highly prevalent among the women with rheumatoid arthritis, but the rates of awareness, treatment, and control were suboptimal. There is a pressing need to facilitate the prevention, early detection and appropriate management of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among patients with rheumatoid arthritis in order to prevent cardiovascular disease.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 1991

This Study was carried out to measure the noise and to evalulate the prevalence of the noise-induced hearing loss and the hypertension in metal manufacturing workers. To perform this sutdy 116 workers were tested their hearing level and hypertension. 1. In frequency analysis, the $C_5$-dip phenomenon occurred around 4000 Hz. 2. Noise intensity was correlated significantly with hearing loss at 500, 1,000, 8,000 Hz (p<0.01). 3. Average hearing loss value by 4-divided method was $32.91{\pm}5.60dB$. 4. Hearing loss steadily increased to the 10th year and steadily after that at 4000 Hz. 5. The prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss of 6,027 workers was 1.81 %. 6. The prevalence of hypertension of 116 workers was 11.2 %.